Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in complex multiple X-point configurations in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial system

Magnetic reconnection processes in three-dimensional(3D)complex field configurations have been investigated in different magneto-plasma systems in space,laboratory,and astrophysical systems.Two-dimensional(2D)features of magnetic reconnection have been well developed and applied successfully to systems with symmetrical property,such as toroidal fusion plasmas and laboratory experiments with an axial symmetry.But in asymmetric systems,the 3D features are inevitably different from those in the 2D case.Magnetic reconnection structures in multiple celestial body systems,particularly star-planet-Moon systems,bring fresh insights to the understanding of the 3D geometry of reconnection.Thus,we take magnetic reconnection in an ancient solar-lunar terrestrial magneto-plasma system as an example by using its crucial parameters approximately estimated already and also some specific applications in pathways for energy and matter transports among Earth,ancient Moon,and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF).Then,magnetic reconnection of the ancient lunar-terrestrial magnetospheres with the IMF is investigated numerically in this work.In a 3D simulation for the Earth-Moon-IMF system,topological features of complex magnetic reconnection configurations and dynamical characteristics of magnetic reconnection processes are studied.It is found that a coupled lunar-terrestrial magnetosphere is formed,and under various IMF orientations,multiple X-points emerge at distinct locations,showing three typical magnetic reconnection structures in such a geometry,i.e.,the X-line,the triple current sheets,and the A-B null pairs.The results can conduce to further understanding of reconnection physics in 3D for plasmas in complex magnetic configurations,and also a possible mechanism for energy and matters transport in evolutions of similar astrophysical systems.

Understanding the molecular pathogenesis and prognostics of bladder cancer： an overview

The knowledge of cellular mechanisms in malignances of the bladder has grown exponentially. Molecular technologies have led to the discovery of the molecular pathways distinguishing low-and high- grade urothelial neoplasms. This trend portends the future in which the classification and diagnosis of the bladder tumors through morphologic analysis will be supported by molecular information correlating with prognosis and targeted therapy. This article oudines tumor molecular pathology of bladder cancer with an emphasis on several promising candidate biomarkers that may soon make their transition to the realm of clinical management of bladder cancer.

Association of p53 codon 72 polymorphism with liver metastases of colorectal cancers positive for p53 overexpression

在 72 多型性(R72P ) 和颜色的风险上评估在 p53 鳕鱼之间的协会的目的表面的肝转移。p53 R72P 遗传型被聚合酶链反应限制识别的方法碎裂在 78 连续颜色的长度多型性(PCR-RFLP ) 方法有肝转移和 214 年龄的表面的癌症病人 -- 并且有非变形的颜色的匹配性的盒子表面的癌症。p53 R72P 多型性的 R 等位基因更经常比在非变形的盒子(P=0.075 ) 中在变形情况中被发现的结果。72R 等位基因的搬运人有 2.25 褶层(95% CI (置信区间)= 1.05 ∼4.83 ) 肝转移的增加的风险。在层化分析上， 72R-carrying 遗传型授与 3.46 褶层(95% CI=1.02∼11.72 ) ， 1.05 褶层(95% CI=0.36∼3.08 ) 为 overexpression 积极、否定的 p53 增加了肝转移的风险分别地渲染表面的癌症。这些结果第一次表明的结论 p53 多型性的 72R 等位基因在颜色为肝转移有增加的风险为在表示上的 p53 积极的表面的癌症。

Paradoxical role of interleukin-33/suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 in colorectal carcinogenesis: Progress and therapeutic potential

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is presently the second most prevalent global mortalityinducing cancer.CRC carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process involving internal genetic mutations and the external environment.In addition,non-neoplastic cell activities within tumor microenvironments for CRC development have been established.However,interleukin(IL)-33,secreted by such cell types,plays a pivotal role in cancer progression due to interaction with cellular constituents within the tumor-inflammation microenvironment.IL-33 belongs to the IL-1 cytokine family and acts as binding attachments for the suppressor of tumorigenicity(ST)2 receptor.Therefore,how to coordinate tumor microenvironment,design and optimize treatment strategies suitable for CRC,based on IL-33/ST2 signal is a challenge.Even though it has established influences upon immunitylinked conditions,IL-33 effects on CRC progression and prevention and related mechanisms are still controversial.Our review depicts controversial activities for IL-33/ST2 within carcinogenesis and cancer prevention.Moreover,IL-33/ST2 signaling is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

Zirconia quantum dots for a nonvolatile resistive random access memory device

We propose a nonvolatile resistive random access memory device by employing nanodispersion of zirconia(ZrO2) quantum dots(QDs) for the formation of an active layer. The memory devices comprising a typical sandwich structure of Ag(top)/ZrO2(active layer)/Ti(bottom) are fabricated using a facile spin-coating method. The optimized device exhibits a high resistance state/low resistance state resistance difference(about 10 Ω), a good cycle performance(the number of cycles larger than 100), and a relatively low conversion current(about 1 μA). Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope are used to observe the surface morphology and stacking state of the ZrO2 active layer. Experimental results show that the ZrO2 active layer is stacked compactly and has a low roughness(Ra=4.49 nm) due to the uniform distribution of the ZrO2 QDs. The conductive mechanism of the Ag/ZrO2/Ti device is analyzed and studied, and the conductive filaments of Ag ions and oxygen vacancies are focused on to clarify the resistive switching memory behavior. This study offers a facile approach of memristors for future electronic applications.