增生型糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割术后再出血的治疗和观察

目的:探讨糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割术后再出血(postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous haemorrhage,PDVH)的治疗方法及疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015-09/2017-06于我院行玻璃体切割术治疗后发生PDVH的PDR患者12例12眼,首先进行保守治疗,对出血量大、保守治疗效果差的患者进行手术治疗(前房冲洗、玻璃体腔灌洗、再次玻璃体切割术或联合白内障手术等),观察并分析患者治疗情况。结果:本组患者发生PDVH的时间为首次玻璃体切割术后1d～10mo(平均61.58±92.69d),其中早期PDVH患者8眼,晚期PDVH患者4眼。2眼患者行保守治疗2wk～1mo后出血吸收,10眼保守治疗无明显好转或眼内压(IOP)持续升高者再次行手术治疗,其中2眼行单纯前房冲洗术,8眼行玻璃体腔灌洗术(2眼联合白内障手术、1眼联合硅油注入术),7眼明确眼底情况后术中补充视网膜激光光凝。至末次随访,所有玻璃体腔再出血均吸收,9眼视力较治疗前提高。结论:多种原因可引起PDVH,可通过调控血糖、改进手术技巧、及时对症治疗等方法采取适当措施治疗,提高患者视力。

微创玻璃体切割术治疗高度近视性黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的疗效

目的:观察微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视性黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离(macular hole retinal detachment,MHRD)的临床效果。方法:回顾性非随机临床研究。纳入2011-01/2016-12我院高度近视MHRD患者26例26眼,所有患者均行标准三通道经睫状体平坦部23G微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术。术后定期进行最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、眼压、裂隙灯眼前节和眼底检查,并用光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检查黄斑裂孔解剖情况。以发病年龄、裂孔Gass分期、发病天数、裂孔闭合形态(W、V、U型)、初始视力5项作为自变量进行Logistic回归分析,探讨影响术后BCVA的因素。结果:高度近视MHRD术后黄斑裂孔(macular hole,MH)闭合率为58%。依据OCT图像,将高度近视MHRD术后OCT闭合形态分为3类:U型(3眼),相对正常的中心凹形状;V型(4眼),黄斑中心凹较陡;W型(8眼),黄斑中心凹处神经上皮缺损,但裂孔缘未翘起,无囊腔形成。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,术后预后视力提高与裂孔闭合OCT形态和初始视力相关(P<0.05),术后U型裂孔闭合视力提高是W型的6.9倍。结论:微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术是治疗高度近视MHRD的有效方式。高度近视MHRD术后视力提高与黄斑裂孔愈合的OCT形态和初始视力相关。

Space-occupying lesions of the lacrimal gland at one tertiary eye center in China: a retrospective clinical study of 95 patients

AIM: To investigate the treatment status and prognosis of space-occupying lacrimal gland lesions at one tertiary eye center in China. METHODS: A retrospective clinical study was performed on 95 patients with space-occupying lesions of the lacrimal gland surgically treated at the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University from 2003 to 2007. The reviewed clinical data included age, gender, side of the lesion, duration of signs and symptoms, histopathological diagnosis, treatment modality, recurrence (local, regional, and distant metastasis) and survival. RESULTS: Of the 95 cases (99 eyes), pleomorphic adenomas were the most common lesions (43 cases), followed by lymphoid disorders (14), inflammatory pseudotumors (11), carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenomas (11), and adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC, 6). There were 8 patients with relapsed pleomorphic adenomas. Five of these 8 cases had malignant pathological changes. All patients with ACC had metastasis and three of them died during their follow-up. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that the most common lacrimal gland lesions were pleomorphic adenomas. Multiple recurrence and surgical procedures may increase the risk of tumor progression. ACC had a high incidence of tumor metastasis and a poor prognosis.

The thickness and volume of the choroid,outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium layer changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy

AIM: To evaluate the thickness and volume changes of the choroidal, outer retinal layers(ORL) and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR) using optical coherence tomography(OCT) and correlate them with visual acuity.METHODS: We carried out a retrospective observational case series. Consecutive DR patients were recruited for color fundus photography and OCT assessment. The RPE, ORL and choroidal thickness were measured. The correlation with the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) was also investigated.RESULTS: The study included 128 eyes, comprising 45 eyes of 25 diabetic macular edema(DME) patients, 34 eyes of 20 DR without DME(non-DME) patients, and 49 eyes of 25 age-matched normal individuals. The choroidal thickness in DR patients were decreased statistically significantly compared with the control group(P<0.05). The mean macular ORL thickness in DME(73.02±15.34 μm) and non-DME groups(76.35±7.32 μm) were decreased statistically significantly compared with the control group(80.20±5.85 μm; P=0.006, P=0.013, respectively). In both the non-DME and DME groups, the RPE thickness were decreased compared with the control group(P<0.05), except in the macular and central ring. The BCVA were significant interactions with the total inner retinal volume and macular RPE thickness in the DME group(r=0.115, P<0.001, r=-0.013, P=0.017, respectively).CONCLUSION: The choroid, ORL and RPE thickness are significantly decreased in DR patients compared with controls in different segments.

Peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes in early diabetes retinopathy

·AIM:To perform a quantitative analysis of the peripapillary vessel density(VD)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness changes in patients with early stage of diabetic retinopathy(DR).·METHODS:In this case-control study,swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)imaging was used to examine diabetic and age-matched healthy subjects.The optic disc HD 6×6 mm^(2) blood flow imaging scan mode was selected.Automatic software was used to measure the peripapillary VD,capillary vessel density(CVD),and RNLF in an optic nerve head(ONH)filed based on the Garway-Heath map.In addition,the correlation between peripapillary VD,CVD,and RNFL was further investigated.·RESULTS:The cohort consisted of 32 healthy individuals and 72 patients with diabetes(34 eyes with no DR and 38 eyes with mild-moderate NPDR).Peripapillary VD decreased in the mild-moderate NPDR group compared to the control group in most regions(P<0.05).Peripapillary CVD and RNFL thickness were significantly lower in the mild-moderate NPDR group in the superior temporal(ST)quadrants(P=0.018.P=0.030).In the correlation analysis of each region,the RNFL thickness in the NS region was positively correlated with the peripapillary VD and CVD(r=0.233,P=0.05;r=0.288.P=0.015).In the TI region,the RNFL thickness was positively correlated with the peripapillary CVD(r=0.237,P=0.047).·CONCLUSION:The measurement based on the ONH topographic map may be helpful in detecting functional and structural impairments in DR.The peripapillary VD,CVD and RNFL decrease in early DR,and the RNFL thickness altered in association with the CVD or/and VD in some regions.

Author Reply to the Editor

Dear Editor,We very much appreciate Professor Dan C?lug?ru and Mihai C?lug?ru’s comments on our study of the thickness and volume of the choroid, outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) layer changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR).