股前外侧皮瓣在外阴肿瘤术后的修复应用(英文)

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of the application of anterolateral thigh flap in postop-erative repairing of vulva tumor.Methods:Anterolateral thigh flap with the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and the pedicle of anterolateral thigh cutaneous nerve was used in primary repairing of the defect from postoperative vulva tumor, the sizes of the flaps ranged from 10 cm ×14 cm-14 cm × 20 cm.Results:All flaps survived, during a follow-up of 2 to 12 months, the appearance of the flaps was satisfactory with sensitive function without local recurrences.Conclusion:Anterolateral thigh flap has fairly long vessel pedicle, wider vessel diameter, and is in the covert area.Anterolateral thigh flap with sensory nerve is the ideal choice for postoperative repairing of vulva tumor.

Optimal Mode Decision Method for Interframe Prediction in H.264/AVC

Studies show that encoding technologies in H.264/AVC,including prediction and conversion,are essential technologies.However,these technologies are more complicated than the MPEG-4,which is a standard method and widely adopted worldwide.Therefore,the amount of calculation in H.264/AVC is significantly up-regulated compared to that of the MPEG-4.In the present study,it is intended to simplify the computational expenses in the international standard compression coding system H.264/AVC for moving images.Inter prediction refers to the most feasible compression technology,taking up to 60%of the entire encoding.In this regard,prediction error and motion vector information are proposed to simplify the computation of inter predictive coding technology.In the initial frame,motion compensation is performed in all target modes and then basic information is collected and analyzed.After the initial frame,motion compensation is performed only in the middle 8×8 modes,and the basic information amount shifts.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method and assess the motion image compression coding,four types of motion images,defined by the international telecommunication union(ITU),are employed.Based on the obtained results,it is concluded that the developed method is capable of simplifying the calculation,while it is slightly affected by the inferior image quality and the amount of information.

采用不同方法联合放射治疗修复薄型瘢痕疙瘩的临床疗效分析

目的对比不同方法联合放射治疗(RT)修复薄型瘢痕疙瘩的临床疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2019年10月至2022年10月内蒙古医科大学附属肿瘤医院整形外科接诊的38例胸部瘢痕疙瘩患者(64个瘢痕疙瘩)及解放军联勤保障部队第九六九医院烧伤整形科接诊的16例胸部瘢痕疙瘩患者(35个瘢痕疙瘩),根据治疗方法不同分为RT组(n=18)、手术联合放射治疗(SCR)组(n=19)、CO_(2)点阵激光联合放射治疗(LCR)组(n=17),3组患者的瘢痕疙瘩数量分别为34、33、32个。分别于治疗前、治疗后6、12个月,采用温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)及患者和观测者双向瘢痕评估量表(POSAS)评估瘢痕改善程度和临床疗效,采用李克特量表评价满意度,线上问卷评价不良反应和复发率,并记录治疗相关指标。结果RT组、SCR组及LCR组患者治疗后6、12个月时的POSAS总分和VSS评分均低于治疗前(P<0.01)。RT组治疗后12个月时的POSAS总分和VSS评分相较于治疗后6个月有所升高,SCR组和LCR组治疗后12个月时的POSAS总分和VSS评分相较于治疗后6个月均下降。其中治疗后12个月时,LCR组POSAS总分和VSS评分最低,SCR组次之,RT组最高。SCR组和LCR组有效率与RT组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.304,P<0.01),SCR组与LCR组比较,差异无统计学意义;RT组有效率为27.78%,SCR组有效率为78.95%,LCR组有效率为94.12%。SCR组和LCR组满意度与RT组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.41,P<0.01),SCR组与LCR组比较,差异无统计学意义;RT组满意度为52.94%,SCR组为84.21%,LCR组为94.12%。RT组治疗12个月后复发率为72.22%,SCR组复发率为21.05%,LCR组复发率为5.88%,1年复发率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.30,P<0.01)。结论LCR有操作简便高效、便于护理、创伤小、疗效好、安全性高的特点,患者容易接受,尤其适用于多发性或较大面积的薄型瘢痕疙瘩、有明显手术禁忌证或不愿接受手术治疗的患者。单纯的RT主要用来改善疼痛、瘙痒等主观症状,SCR更适合孤立或数量较少的中、大型瘢痕疙瘩的治疗,临床上应根据实际情况灵活选用。

Celastrol regulates the oligomeric state and chaperone activity of 𝛼B-crystallin linked with protein homeostasis in the lens

Protein misfolding and aggregation are crucial pathogenic factors for cataracts,which are the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide.α-crystallin,as a small molecular chaperone,is involved in preventing protein misfolding and maintaining lens transparency.The chaperone activity of α-crystallin depends on its oligomeric state.Our previous work identified a natural compound,celastrol,which could regulate the oligomeric state of αB-crystallin.In this work,based on the UNcle and SEC analysis,we found that celastrol induced𝛼αB-crystallin to form large oligomers.Large oligomer formation enhanced the chaperone activity of αB-crystallin and prevented aggregation of the cataract-causing mutant αA3-G91del.The interactions between𝛼αB-crystallin and celastrol were detected by the FRET(Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer)technique,and verified by molecular docking.At least 9 binding patterns were recognized,and some binding sites covered the groove structure of αB-crystallin.Interestingly,αB-R120G,a cataract-causing mutation located at the groove structure,and celastrol can decrease the aggregates of αB-R120G.Overall,our results suggested celastrol not only promoted the formation of large αB-crystallin oligomers,which enhanced its chaperone activity,but also bound to the groove structure of its α-crystallin domain to maintain its structural stability.Celastrol might serve as a chemical and pharmacological chaperone for cataract treatment.

Experiment and simulation of slurry flow in irregular channels to understand proppant transport in complex fractures

Slurry flow and proppant placement in irregular fractures are crucial to evaluate hydraulic fracturing stimulation but need to be better understood.This study aims to investigate how irregular fracture affects proppant transport and distribution using laboratory experiments and micro-scale numerical models.The unresolved method of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and the discrete element method(DEM)considers Saffman lift force,Magnus force,and virtual mass force to accurately capture the frequent interaction between proppant and slickwater.Experimental results validated the reliability of the optimized CFD-DEM model and calibrated primary parameters.The effects of crack height and width,bending angle,and distance between the crack and inlet on particle distribution were studied.The results indicated that the improved numerical method could rationally simulate proppant transport in fractures at a scale factor.The small crack height causes downward and upward flows,which wash proppant to the fracture rear and form isolated proppant dunes.A wider region in the fracture is beneficial to build up a large dune,and the high dune can hinder particle transport into the fracture rear.When the crack is close to the inlet,the primary fracture without proppants will close to hinder gas production.The smaller the bending angle,the smaller the proppant dune.A regression model can precisely predict the dune coverage ratio.The results fundamentally understand how complex fractures and natural cracks affect slurry flow and proppant distribution.

Presence of Rare Variants is Associated with Poorer Survival in Chinese Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity.Recent studies have suggested an oligogenic basis of ALS,in which the co-occurrence of two or more genetic variants has additive or synergistic deleterious effects.To assess the contribution of possible oligogenic inheritance,we profiled a panel of 43 relevant genes in 57 sporadic ALS(sALS)patients and eight familial ALS(fALS)patients from five pedigrees in east China.We filtered rare variants using the combination of the Exome Aggregation Consortium,the 1000 Genomes and the HuaBiao Project.We analyzed patients with multiple rare variants in 43 known ALS causative genes and the genotype–phenotype cor-relation.Overall,we detected 30 rare variants in 16 different genes and found that 16 of the sALS patients and all the fALS patients examined harbored at least one variant in the investigated genes,among which two sALS and four fALS patients harbored two or more variants.Of note,the sALS patients with one or more variants in ALS genes had worse survival than the patients with no variants.Typically,in one fALS pedigree with three variants,the family member with three variants(Superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1)p.V48A,Optineurin(OPTN)p.A433V and TANK binding kinase 1(TBK1)p.R573H)exhibited much more severe disease phenotype than the member carrying one variant(TBK1 p.R573H).Our findings suggest that rare variants could exert a negative prognostic effect,thereby supporting the oligogenic inheritance of ALS.

Four Pillars Underpinning a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation

Throughout history,there have been close political,economic,and cultural connections between the border areas and the interior of China.To strengthen the unity of the Chinese nation and forge a strong sense of national identity,it is important to draw inspiration from our history.Politically,we must reinforce the memory of national unity and promote the belief that the Chinese nation is a big family and China's territory is indivisible.Economically,it is crucial to continue the historical economic ties between the border areas and the interior,and to deepen economic interdependence in the present era.This will strengthen economic connections between different regions and groups within China and promote unity.Socially,it is essential to facilitate the population flow between dfferent regions,particularly between the border areas and the interior,to promote ethnic communication and integration.Encouraging ethnic groups to live among each other and supporting two-way population flow can further enhance social cohesion.Culturally,we must maintain our tradition of cultural sharing and spread traditional Chinese culture and modern socialist values among all ethnic groups.This will strengthen the bond of the Chinese nation as one community.These four pillars-political,economic,social,and cultural-form the foundation of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.

我国儿童福利政策研究综述

儿童身心健康与成长关系着家庭生活的幸福,民族的振兴强盛与国家的繁荣富强。我国儿童福利工作一直受到政府的关注。为了进一步促进儿童福利政策研究工作的发展,更好地指导儿童福利政策体系的健全完善,本文对近十年来的国内儿童福利政策文献进行了研究。研究发现,现有的儿童福利政策研究虽然取得了一定的成果,但是依然存在纰漏与不足。最后,文章指出了未来儿童福利政策研究的几个方向。

Fabric-substrated capacitive biopotential sensors enhanced by dielectric nanoparticles

Wearable biopotential sensing devices are essential to long-term and real-time monitoring of human health.Non-contact,capacitive sensing electrodes prevent potential skin iritations,and are thus beneficial for long-term monitoring.Existing capacitive electrodes are either connected to a separate control circuit via external wires or have limited sensing capacitances,which leads to low signal qualities.This study demonstrates a stretchable capacitive sensing device with integrated electrodes and control electronics,with enhanced signal qualities.The electrodes and the control electronics are fabricated on a common fabric substrate for breathability and strain-limiting protection.The stretchable electrodes are based on an island-bridge design with a stretchability as high as-100%,and an area ratio as high as-80%.By using a dielectric calcium copper titanate(CCTO)composite as the adhesive layer,the electrode capacitance can be increased,yielding an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in the acquired biopotentials.This device offers a convenient and comfortable approach for long-term non-contact monitoring of biopotential signals.

Circulating exosome-like vesicles of humans with nondiabetic obesity impaired isletβ-cell proliferation,which was associated with decreased Omentin-1 protein cargo

The regulation ofβ-cell mass in the status of nondiabetic obesity remains not well understood.We aimed to investigate the role of circulating exosome-like vesicles(ELVs)isolated from humans with simple obesity in the regulation of isletβ-cell mass.Between June 2017 and July 2019,81 subjects with simple obesity and 102 healthy volunteers with normal weight were recruited.ELVs were isolated by ultra-centrifugation.The proliferations ofβ-cells and islets were measured by 5-ethynl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU).Protein components in ELVs were identified by Quantitative Proteomic Analysis and verified by Western blot and ELISA.The role of specific exosomal protein was analyzed by gain-of-function approach in ELVs released by 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.Circulating ELVs from subjects with simple obesity inhibitedβ-cell proliferation in vitro without affecting its apoptosis,secretion,and inflammation.The protein levels of Rictor and Omentin-1 were downregulated in circulating ELVs from subjects with simple obesity and associated with the obesity-linked pathologic conditions.The ELV-carried Omentin-1 and Omentin-1 protein per se were validated to increaseβ-cell proliferation and activate Akt signaling pathway.Moreover,Omentin-1 in ELVs was downregulated by insulin.The circulating ELVs may act as a negative regulator forβ-cell mass in nondiabetic obesity through inhibitingβ-cell proliferation.This effect was associated with downregulated Omentin-1 protein in ELVs.This newly identified ELV-carried protein could be a mediator linking insulin resistance to impairedβ-cell proliferation and a new potential target for increasingβ-cell mass in obesity and T2DM.

Corneal collagen cross-linking(CXL)in thin corneas

Corneal collagen cross-linking(CXL)is a therapeutic procedure aiming at increasing the corneal stiffness in the keratoconus eyes by induction of cross-links within the extracellular matrix.It is achieved by ultraviolet-A(370 nm)irradiation of the cornea after saturation with the photosensitizer riboflavin.In the conventional CXL protocol,a minimum de-epithelialized corneal thickness of 400μm is recommended to avoid potential irradiation damage to the corneal endothelium.In advanced keratoconus,however,stromal thickness is often lower than 400μm,which limits the application of CXL in that category.Efforts have been undertaken to modify the conventional CXL procedure to be applicable in thin corneas.The current review discusses different techniques employed to achieve this end and their results.The overall safety and efficacy of the modified CXL protocols are good,as most of them managed to halt the progression of keratectasia without postoperative complications.However,the evidence of safety and efficacy in the use of modified CXL protocols is still limited to few studies with few patients involved.Controlled studies with long-term follow-up are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of the modified protocols.

Cataract: Advances in surgery and whether surgery remains the only treatment in future

Background:Cataract is the world's leading eye disease that causes blindness.The prevalence of cataract aged 40 years and older is approximately 11.8%–18.8%.Currently,surgery is the only way to treat cataracts.Main Text:From early intracapsular cataract extraction to extracapsular cataract extraction,to current phacoemulsification cataract surgery,the incision ranges from 12 to 3 mm,and sometimes to even 1.8 mm or less,and the revolution in cataract surgery is ongoing.Cataract surgery has transformed from vision recovery to refractive surgery,leading to the era of refractive cataract surgery,and premium intraocular lenses(IOLs)such as toric IOLs,multifocal IOLs,and extended depth-of-focus IOLs are being increasingly used to meet the individual needs of patients.With its advantages of providing better visual acuity and causing fewer complications,phacoemulsification is currently the mainstream cataract surgery technique worldwide.However,patient expectations for the safety and accuracy of the operation are continually increasing.Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)has entered the public's field of vision.FLACS is a combination of new laser technology and artificial intelligence to replace fine manual clear corneal incision,capsulorhexis,and nuclear pre-fragmentation,providing new alternative technologies for patients and ophthalmologists.As FLACS matures,it is being increasingly applied in complex cases;however,some think it is not cost-effective.Although more than 26 million cataract surgeries are performed each year,there is still a gap in the prevalence of cataracts,especially in developing countries.Although cataract surgery is a nearly ideal procedure and complications are manageable,both patients and doctors dream of using drugs to cure cataracts.Is surgery really the only way to treat cataracts in the future?It has been verified by animal experiments that lanosterol therapy in rabbits and dogs could make cataract severity alleviated and lens transparency partially recovered.Although there is still much to learn about cataract reversal,this groundbreaking work provided a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of cataracts.Conclusions:Although cataract surgery is nearly ideal,it is still insufficient,we expect the prospects for cataract drugs to be bright.