Accretionary orogens are sites of extensive continental crustal growth and modification.The mechanism by which mafic crust is transformed into silicic melts(i.e.,maturation of continental crust)is important for unders...Accretionary orogens are sites of extensive continental crustal growth and modification.The mechanism by which mafic crust is transformed into silicic melts(i.e.,maturation of continental crust)is important for understanding the formation of the continental crust.The North Qinling Orogen(NQO)is a composite orogenic belt and contains an early Paleozoic accretion-dominated orogenic system,which is ideal for investigating continental crustal maturation.We obtained zircon and monazite U–Pb age and O isotope data,zircon Lu–Hf isotope data,and whole-rock major-and trace-element and Sr–Nd isotope data for early Paleozoic granitoids of the NQO.The granitoids are divided into three groups.Group 1 includes the Taiping tonalite(445±3 Ma),the Manziying syenogranite(445±2 Ma),and the Huoshenmiao granodiorite(436±2 Ma).The Taiping and Huoshenmiao plutons have relatively high SiO_(2)contents(68.64–71.67 wt.%)and Na_(2)O/K_(2)O ratios(1.15–4.19),with enrichments in Rb,Ba,Th,and U and depletions in Nb,Ta,P,and Ti,and they are geochemically similar to sodic arc magmas.The Manziying syenogranite is a peraluminous potassic granite with high K_(2)O contents(4.59–5.27 wt.%).Grantioids from Group 1 have similarly depleted Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic features(eHf[t]=+5.9 to+8.8;δ^(18)O=3.98‰–5.41‰),indicative of derivation via partial melting of oceanic arc crust,which suggests that partial melting of oceanic arc crust in a subduction system contributes to the generation of continental crust and causes its maturation.Group 2 consists of the Wuduoshan monzogranite(418±2 Ma)and the Sikeshu granodiorite(423±3 Ma).These plutons have relatively high SiO_(2)(65.59–72.06 wt.%),K_(2)O(3.26–4.79 wt.%),and Al2O3(14.65–16.12 wt.%)contents and Sr/Y(33–87)and(La/Yb)N(23–48)ratios.The Wuduoshan monzogranite has positive zircon eHf(t)(+0.4 to+3.1)and uniformδ^(18)O(6.38‰–8.07‰)values,but the Sikeshu granodiorite has more variable isotopic compositions(eHf[t]=-1.9 to+5.0;δ^(18)O=6.37‰–10.60‰).The Wuduoshan monzogranite and Sikeshu granodiorite have similar whole-rock Sr–Nd isotopic compositions to basement rocks of the NQO.These features indicate that the two plutons formed by partial melting of basement rocks(i.e.,subducted into the lower crust)of the North Qinling unit,along with juvenile crustal material.Group 3 is represented by the Xiaguan monzogranite,which formed at 434–430 Ma,and can be subdivided into heavy rare earth element(REE)-depleted and-enriched units.The former has high Sr/Y(56–98)and(La/Yb)_(N)(34–73)ratios and low MgO(0.13–0.24 wt.%),Cr(0.37–1.69 ppm),and Ni(0.32–1.09 ppm)contents,similar to adakites derived from metabasaltic sources.The heavy REE-enriched nature of the Xiaguan monzogranite may reflect modification of its source by melt or fluid.Our results show that partial melting of enriched oceanic arc crust contributed to crustal maturation in an accretionary orogen.The addition of evolved crustal material also facilitated this process;therefore,the basement rocks and crustal thickness should be considered when assessing crustal dynamics in an accretionary orogen.展开更多
Background:Nucleic acid test(NAT)could effectively control the spread of COVID-19 caused by large-scale sports competitions.However,quantitative analysis on the appropriate frequency of NAT is scarce,and the cost-effe...Background:Nucleic acid test(NAT)could effectively control the spread of COVID-19 caused by large-scale sports competitions.However,quantitative analysis on the appropriate frequency of NAT is scarce,and the cost-effectiveness and necessity of high-frequency NAT remain to be fully explored and validated.This study aims to optimize the COVID-19 surveillance strategies through cost-effectiveness analysis for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and the upcoming Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.Methods:A total of 18 scenarios were designed regarding the NAT frequency,symptom monitoring,and strengthening close-contact control.An agent-based stochastic dynamic model was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different NAT scenarios and optimize the surveillance strategies.The dynamics of the proposed model included the arrival and departure of agents,transmission of the disease according to Poisson processes,and quarantine of agents based on regular NATs and symptom onset.Accumulative infections,cost,and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)were simulated in the frame of the model.ICER was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different scenarios.Univariate sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results.Results:In Scenario 16,where the competition-related personnel(CRP)received NAT daily and national sports delegation(NSD)with quarantined infections accepted an additional NAT daily,accumulative infection was 320.90(90 initial infections),the total cost was(United States Dollar)USD 8920000,and the cost of detecting out each infection was USD 27800.Scenario 16 would reduce the total cost by USD 22570000(avoid 569.61 infections),USD 1420000(avoid 47.2 infections)compared with Scenario 10(weekly NAT,strengthened close contact control)and Scenario 7(daily NAT,no strengthened close contact control),respectively.Sensitivity analysis showed that the result was most sensitive to the change in basic reproductive number.Conclusions:High-frequency NATs such as bidaily,daily,and twice a day were cost-effective.NAT daily for CRP with strengthening close-contact control could be prioritized in defense against COVID-19 at large-scale sports competitions.This study could assist policymakers by assessing the cost-effectiveness of NAT scenarios and provide the host country with an optimal COVID-19 surveillance strategy.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Delta variant has proved to have increased transmissibility,and mutations that can cause partial immune esc...Summary What is already known about this topic?The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Delta variant has proved to have increased transmissibility,and mutations that can cause partial immune escape,which makes its transmission more insidious.What is added by this report?This study showed that probable cases who had negative results in nucleic acid testing but had positive IgM test result and/or IgG test value of over 20 S/CO in antibodies testing.展开更多
In situ and continuous monitoring of thermal effects is essential for understanding photo-induced catalytic processes at catalyst's surfaces.However,existing techniques are largely unable to capture the rapidly ch...In situ and continuous monitoring of thermal effects is essential for understanding photo-induced catalytic processes at catalyst's surfaces.However,existing techniques are largely unable to capture the rapidly changing temperatures occurring in sub-μm layers at liquid-solid interfaces exposed to light.To address this,a sensing system based on a gold-coated conventional single-mode optical fiber with a tilted fiber Bragg grating inscribed in the fiber core is proposed and demonstrated.The spectral transmission from these devices is made up of a dense comb of narrowband resonances that can differentiate between localized temperatures rapid changes at the catalyst's surface and those of the environment.By using the gold coating of the fiber as an electrode in an electrochemical reactor and exposing it to light,thermal effects in photo-induced catalysis at the interface can be decoded with a temperature resolution of 0.1℃and a temporal resolution of 0.1 sec,without perturbing the catalytic operation that is measured simultaneously.As a demonstration,stable and reproducible correlations between the light-to-heat conversion and catalytic activities over time were measured for two different catalysis processes(linear and nonlinear).These kinds of sensing applications are ideally suited to the fundamental qualities of optical fiber sensors,such as their compact size,flexible shape,and remote measurement capability,thereby opening the way for various thermal monitoring in hard-to-reach spaces and rapid catalytic reaction processes.展开更多
Persons who use drugs are a high-risk subpopulation for HIV infection because more than one drug user often take drugs together,which increases the risk of HIV transmission.For the PWUDs who had tested for HIV,we extr...Persons who use drugs are a high-risk subpopulation for HIV infection because more than one drug user often take drugs together,which increases the risk of HIV transmission.For the PWUDs who had tested for HIV,we extracted data on demographic characteristics,drug types,injection drug use behavior,encrypted IDs of co-users,and drug use location from the National Dynamic Management and Control Database for Persons Who Use Drugs between January 2008 and July 2016.We mapped and classified Co-UDs’networks and estimated the risk of HIV infection.Drug co-use networks were formulated on the basis of connections between PWUDs at the same time and location.Latent profile analysis(LPA)and logistic regression models were used to cluster the classes and to estimate the HIV infection risk among them,respectively.A total of 470967 PWUDs were included,among whom 69529 Co-UDs formed 7001 networks,which were categorized into three classes:Class A(n=211,3.0%)had large networks,with more members(median 10.0(IQR:8.0-14.5)),and comprised depressant and stimulant users located in central and eastern China;Class B(n=3770,53.8%)was dominated by depressant users(median 3.0(IQR:3.0-4.0))across the country;Class C(n=3020,43.1%)was dominated by stimulant users(median 3.0(IQR:3.0-4.0))located in central and eastern China.The HIV infection rates were 9.71%,3.33%,and 0.33%in Classes A,B,and C,respectively.Compared with Class A,Classes B and C were associated with decreased odds of HIV infection.Our findings suggest that more attention should be paid to larger networks,with a relatively high HIV infection risk,to enhance prevention and intervention strategies.展开更多
Photocatalytic fixation of nitrogen has been recognized as a green and promising strategy for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions.However,the efficient reduction of nitrogen remains a challenge due to high acti...Photocatalytic fixation of nitrogen has been recognized as a green and promising strategy for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions.However,the efficient reduction of nitrogen remains a challenge due to high activation energy of nitrogen and low utilization of solar energy.Herein,lanthanum oxyfluoride with different doping content of Pr3+(LaOF:xPr3+)upconversion nanorods were synthesized by microwave hydrothermal method.Results indicated that the doping of Pr3+generated considerable defects on the surface of LaOF which acted as the adsorption and activation center for nitrogen.Meanwhile,the Pr3+ion narrowed the band gap and broadened the light response range of LaOF because LaOF:Pr3+can upconvert visible light into ultraviolet light,which excite LaOF nanorods and improve the utilization of solar light.The doping amount of Pr3+had critical effect on the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance which reached as high as 180μmol·L?1·ho1 when the molar ratio of Pr3+to LaOF was optimized to be 2%.展开更多
Developing photocatalysts with wide spectrum absorption and strong nitrogen activation is critical for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.Herein,one-dimensional natural clay attapulgite(ATP)supported YFg:Sm^3+wer...Developing photocatalysts with wide spectrum absorption and strong nitrogen activation is critical for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.Herein,one-dimensional natural clay attapulgite(ATP)supported YFg:Sm^3+were successfully synthesized via microwave hydrothermal method,and the composites were employed as the catalyst for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation under visible-light irradiation.Results indicated that the production of ammonia reached as high as 41.2 mg·L^-1 within 3 h when the molar ratio of Sm^3+and the mass fraction of YF3:Sm^3+were optimized.The enhanced fixation performance is mainly due to that the modified ATP fibber with abundant active sites and the doped fluoride with defective vacancy facilitate the adsorption and activation of N2.Furthermore,the upconversion property of YF3:Sm^3+increases the harvesting of visible-light energy,meanwhile the Z-scheme heterostructure built between YF:Sm^3+and modified ATP inhibits the recombination of charge carriers and retains high redox potentials for N2 reduction.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Few studies have reported that people who use drugs(PWUDs)have much lower coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination rates than the general population,especially with no relat...What is already known about this topic?Few studies have reported that people who use drugs(PWUDs)have much lower coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination rates than the general population,especially with no relative information reported in China specifically.What is added by this report?This study seminally uncovers that the vaccination rate among PWUDs was about 79.34%in one district of Chengdu City,Sichuan Province,China.Assuming that unvaccinated PWUDs with disease records were really not eligible for vaccination,the vaccination rate goes up to 87.25%among the studied PWUDs.The study implies that PWUDs were not left behind in the vaccination drive against COVID-19 in China.What are the implications for public health practice?In pandemics like COVID-19,government leadership and the overall planning and distribution of public health products are critical in achieving national health equity.However,in order to do this as well as avoid discrimination or exclusion among specific portions of the general population,it’s necessary to understand the vaccination rates and behaviors of at-risk groups such as PWUD’s.展开更多
By the end of 2018,there were about 5.1 billion internet users worldwide who accounted for 67%of the total population(1).Health problems have emerged following widespread use of the internet as a new model of social a...By the end of 2018,there were about 5.1 billion internet users worldwide who accounted for 67%of the total population(1).Health problems have emerged following widespread use of the internet as a new model of social activity,such as anonymous personal attacks or abuse and information leakages.A more potent threat is the unverified information being provided by the internet or electronic media that can lead to unsubstantiated judgments and improper responses to information regarding an individual’s health status.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.42072063,41722204)Program for Jilin University Science and Technology Inovative Research Team(2021TD-05)Postgraduate Innovation Research Program of Jilin University(101832020CX199).
文摘Accretionary orogens are sites of extensive continental crustal growth and modification.The mechanism by which mafic crust is transformed into silicic melts(i.e.,maturation of continental crust)is important for understanding the formation of the continental crust.The North Qinling Orogen(NQO)is a composite orogenic belt and contains an early Paleozoic accretion-dominated orogenic system,which is ideal for investigating continental crustal maturation.We obtained zircon and monazite U–Pb age and O isotope data,zircon Lu–Hf isotope data,and whole-rock major-and trace-element and Sr–Nd isotope data for early Paleozoic granitoids of the NQO.The granitoids are divided into three groups.Group 1 includes the Taiping tonalite(445±3 Ma),the Manziying syenogranite(445±2 Ma),and the Huoshenmiao granodiorite(436±2 Ma).The Taiping and Huoshenmiao plutons have relatively high SiO_(2)contents(68.64–71.67 wt.%)and Na_(2)O/K_(2)O ratios(1.15–4.19),with enrichments in Rb,Ba,Th,and U and depletions in Nb,Ta,P,and Ti,and they are geochemically similar to sodic arc magmas.The Manziying syenogranite is a peraluminous potassic granite with high K_(2)O contents(4.59–5.27 wt.%).Grantioids from Group 1 have similarly depleted Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic features(eHf[t]=+5.9 to+8.8;δ^(18)O=3.98‰–5.41‰),indicative of derivation via partial melting of oceanic arc crust,which suggests that partial melting of oceanic arc crust in a subduction system contributes to the generation of continental crust and causes its maturation.Group 2 consists of the Wuduoshan monzogranite(418±2 Ma)and the Sikeshu granodiorite(423±3 Ma).These plutons have relatively high SiO_(2)(65.59–72.06 wt.%),K_(2)O(3.26–4.79 wt.%),and Al2O3(14.65–16.12 wt.%)contents and Sr/Y(33–87)and(La/Yb)N(23–48)ratios.The Wuduoshan monzogranite has positive zircon eHf(t)(+0.4 to+3.1)and uniformδ^(18)O(6.38‰–8.07‰)values,but the Sikeshu granodiorite has more variable isotopic compositions(eHf[t]=-1.9 to+5.0;δ^(18)O=6.37‰–10.60‰).The Wuduoshan monzogranite and Sikeshu granodiorite have similar whole-rock Sr–Nd isotopic compositions to basement rocks of the NQO.These features indicate that the two plutons formed by partial melting of basement rocks(i.e.,subducted into the lower crust)of the North Qinling unit,along with juvenile crustal material.Group 3 is represented by the Xiaguan monzogranite,which formed at 434–430 Ma,and can be subdivided into heavy rare earth element(REE)-depleted and-enriched units.The former has high Sr/Y(56–98)and(La/Yb)_(N)(34–73)ratios and low MgO(0.13–0.24 wt.%),Cr(0.37–1.69 ppm),and Ni(0.32–1.09 ppm)contents,similar to adakites derived from metabasaltic sources.The heavy REE-enriched nature of the Xiaguan monzogranite may reflect modification of its source by melt or fluid.Our results show that partial melting of enriched oceanic arc crust contributed to crustal maturation in an accretionary orogen.The addition of evolved crustal material also facilitated this process;therefore,the basement rocks and crustal thickness should be considered when assessing crustal dynamics in an accretionary orogen.
基金supposed by National Natural Science Foundation of China(72104008,72174004,82041023)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF0306001)。
文摘Background:Nucleic acid test(NAT)could effectively control the spread of COVID-19 caused by large-scale sports competitions.However,quantitative analysis on the appropriate frequency of NAT is scarce,and the cost-effectiveness and necessity of high-frequency NAT remain to be fully explored and validated.This study aims to optimize the COVID-19 surveillance strategies through cost-effectiveness analysis for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and the upcoming Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.Methods:A total of 18 scenarios were designed regarding the NAT frequency,symptom monitoring,and strengthening close-contact control.An agent-based stochastic dynamic model was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different NAT scenarios and optimize the surveillance strategies.The dynamics of the proposed model included the arrival and departure of agents,transmission of the disease according to Poisson processes,and quarantine of agents based on regular NATs and symptom onset.Accumulative infections,cost,and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)were simulated in the frame of the model.ICER was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different scenarios.Univariate sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results.Results:In Scenario 16,where the competition-related personnel(CRP)received NAT daily and national sports delegation(NSD)with quarantined infections accepted an additional NAT daily,accumulative infection was 320.90(90 initial infections),the total cost was(United States Dollar)USD 8920000,and the cost of detecting out each infection was USD 27800.Scenario 16 would reduce the total cost by USD 22570000(avoid 569.61 infections),USD 1420000(avoid 47.2 infections)compared with Scenario 10(weekly NAT,strengthened close contact control)and Scenario 7(daily NAT,no strengthened close contact control),respectively.Sensitivity analysis showed that the result was most sensitive to the change in basic reproductive number.Conclusions:High-frequency NATs such as bidaily,daily,and twice a day were cost-effective.NAT daily for CRP with strengthening close-contact control could be prioritized in defense against COVID-19 at large-scale sports competitions.This study could assist policymakers by assessing the cost-effectiveness of NAT scenarios and provide the host country with an optimal COVID-19 surveillance strategy.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC0849200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91546203,91846302).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Delta variant has proved to have increased transmissibility,and mutations that can cause partial immune escape,which makes its transmission more insidious.What is added by this report?This study showed that probable cases who had negative results in nucleic acid testing but had positive IgM test result and/or IgG test value of over 20 S/CO in antibodies testing.
基金support of Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62035006),National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61975068.No.62011530459)and Guangdong Outstanding Scientific Innovation Foundation(No.2019TX05X383)and Program of Marine Economy Development Special Fund(Six Marine Industies)under Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(No.GDNRC[2021133).MZ acknowledges the support of Guangdong Basic Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202081515020038)and Pearl River Talent Recutment Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019QN01L148).JA acknowledges the support of NSERC(RGPIN-2019-06255).
文摘In situ and continuous monitoring of thermal effects is essential for understanding photo-induced catalytic processes at catalyst's surfaces.However,existing techniques are largely unable to capture the rapidly changing temperatures occurring in sub-μm layers at liquid-solid interfaces exposed to light.To address this,a sensing system based on a gold-coated conventional single-mode optical fiber with a tilted fiber Bragg grating inscribed in the fiber core is proposed and demonstrated.The spectral transmission from these devices is made up of a dense comb of narrowband resonances that can differentiate between localized temperatures rapid changes at the catalyst's surface and those of the environment.By using the gold coating of the fiber as an electrode in an electrochemical reactor and exposing it to light,thermal effects in photo-induced catalysis at the interface can be decoded with a temperature resolution of 0.1℃and a temporal resolution of 0.1 sec,without perturbing the catalytic operation that is measured simultaneously.As a demonstration,stable and reproducible correlations between the light-to-heat conversion and catalytic activities over time were measured for two different catalysis processes(linear and nonlinear).These kinds of sensing applications are ideally suited to the fundamental qualities of optical fiber sensors,such as their compact size,flexible shape,and remote measurement capability,thereby opening the way for various thermal monitoring in hard-to-reach spaces and rapid catalytic reaction processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.91546203,91846302 and 72104008]the Chinese Ministry of Public Security[Grant No.0716-1541GA590508]+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China[Grant No.2020YFC0849200]the Beijing Advanced Discipline Construction Project[Grant No.BMU2021GJJXK002]。
文摘Persons who use drugs are a high-risk subpopulation for HIV infection because more than one drug user often take drugs together,which increases the risk of HIV transmission.For the PWUDs who had tested for HIV,we extracted data on demographic characteristics,drug types,injection drug use behavior,encrypted IDs of co-users,and drug use location from the National Dynamic Management and Control Database for Persons Who Use Drugs between January 2008 and July 2016.We mapped and classified Co-UDs’networks and estimated the risk of HIV infection.Drug co-use networks were formulated on the basis of connections between PWUDs at the same time and location.Latent profile analysis(LPA)and logistic regression models were used to cluster the classes and to estimate the HIV infection risk among them,respectively.A total of 470967 PWUDs were included,among whom 69529 Co-UDs formed 7001 networks,which were categorized into three classes:Class A(n=211,3.0%)had large networks,with more members(median 10.0(IQR:8.0-14.5)),and comprised depressant and stimulant users located in central and eastern China;Class B(n=3770,53.8%)was dominated by depressant users(median 3.0(IQR:3.0-4.0))across the country;Class C(n=3020,43.1%)was dominated by stimulant users(median 3.0(IQR:3.0-4.0))located in central and eastern China.The HIV infection rates were 9.71%,3.33%,and 0.33%in Classes A,B,and C,respectively.Compared with Class A,Classes B and C were associated with decreased odds of HIV infection.Our findings suggest that more attention should be paid to larger networks,with a relatively high HIV infection risk,to enhance prevention and intervention strategies.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51674043 and 51702026)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX18_0951).
文摘Photocatalytic fixation of nitrogen has been recognized as a green and promising strategy for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions.However,the efficient reduction of nitrogen remains a challenge due to high activation energy of nitrogen and low utilization of solar energy.Herein,lanthanum oxyfluoride with different doping content of Pr3+(LaOF:xPr3+)upconversion nanorods were synthesized by microwave hydrothermal method.Results indicated that the doping of Pr3+generated considerable defects on the surface of LaOF which acted as the adsorption and activation center for nitrogen.Meanwhile,the Pr3+ion narrowed the band gap and broadened the light response range of LaOF because LaOF:Pr3+can upconvert visible light into ultraviolet light,which excite LaOF nanorods and improve the utilization of solar light.The doping amount of Pr3+had critical effect on the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance which reached as high as 180μmol·L?1·ho1 when the molar ratio of Pr3+to LaOF was optimized to be 2%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51674043 and 51702026)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX18_0951).
文摘Developing photocatalysts with wide spectrum absorption and strong nitrogen activation is critical for nitrogen fixation under mild conditions.Herein,one-dimensional natural clay attapulgite(ATP)supported YFg:Sm^3+were successfully synthesized via microwave hydrothermal method,and the composites were employed as the catalyst for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation under visible-light irradiation.Results indicated that the production of ammonia reached as high as 41.2 mg·L^-1 within 3 h when the molar ratio of Sm^3+and the mass fraction of YF3:Sm^3+were optimized.The enhanced fixation performance is mainly due to that the modified ATP fibber with abundant active sites and the doped fluoride with defective vacancy facilitate the adsorption and activation of N2.Furthermore,the upconversion property of YF3:Sm^3+increases the harvesting of visible-light energy,meanwhile the Z-scheme heterostructure built between YF:Sm^3+and modified ATP inhibits the recombination of charge carriers and retains high redox potentials for N2 reduction.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(91546203,91846302)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC 0863400),and Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Few studies have reported that people who use drugs(PWUDs)have much lower coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination rates than the general population,especially with no relative information reported in China specifically.What is added by this report?This study seminally uncovers that the vaccination rate among PWUDs was about 79.34%in one district of Chengdu City,Sichuan Province,China.Assuming that unvaccinated PWUDs with disease records were really not eligible for vaccination,the vaccination rate goes up to 87.25%among the studied PWUDs.The study implies that PWUDs were not left behind in the vaccination drive against COVID-19 in China.What are the implications for public health practice?In pandemics like COVID-19,government leadership and the overall planning and distribution of public health products are critical in achieving national health equity.However,in order to do this as well as avoid discrimination or exclusion among specific portions of the general population,it’s necessary to understand the vaccination rates and behaviors of at-risk groups such as PWUD’s.
基金Key Joint Project for Data Center of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangdong Provincial Government(U1611264)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91546203,91846302).
文摘By the end of 2018,there were about 5.1 billion internet users worldwide who accounted for 67%of the total population(1).Health problems have emerged following widespread use of the internet as a new model of social activity,such as anonymous personal attacks or abuse and information leakages.A more potent threat is the unverified information being provided by the internet or electronic media that can lead to unsubstantiated judgments and improper responses to information regarding an individual’s health status.
