Research on the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the provincial capital urban circle in Shandong

Regional development is the trend for future urbanization,and the urban circle is a highly efficient economic spatial pattern of regional development.This study selects statistical data of urban area population,GDP,and the output value of tertiary industry for seven cities in China- Jinan,Zibo,Tai'an,Laiwu,Dezhou,Liaocheng,and Binzhou- in the Shandong provincial capital urban circle from 2005 to 2009.It uses the principles and Zipf model,rank-size rule,and Lotka logarithmic model to analyze and study the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the Shandong provincial capital urban circle.Based on the above research,this paper provides references for decisionmaking on enhancement of the metropolitan system structure,improvement in core city primacy index,the optimal adjustment of industrial structure and the optimal allocation of essential resources.

Deqi effect for treating knee osteoarthritis using manual acupuncture:A network meta-analysis

Objective: To explore whether the deqi effect affects the effectiveness of manual acupuncture for treating knee osteoarthritis by a network meta-analysis(NMA).Methods: Eight databases were searched for relevant published studies since inception through January 2021. Randomized control trials that compared manual acupuncture with deqi, manual acupuncture without deqi, and conventional treatment of western medicine were included. Languages were limited to English and Chinese. Two authors independently selected eligible studies, assessed methodological quality and the effects of deqi, and extracted outcome data. The mean difference(MD) and standardized mean differences(SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated by Stata 15.0 to conduct an NMA based on a frequentist framework.Results: Fourteen trials with a total of 1868 subjects were included. The direct and indirect comparisons were authentic, according to inconsistency tests. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) pooled results indicated that there was no significant effect of deqi(SMD=-0.23, 95% CI [-0.81, 0.35]). The pooled results of visual analogue scale(VAS) were similar to those of WOMAC(MD=-0.53, 95% CI [-1.03, 0.02]).Conclusion: As a summary of the currently available research, the NMA results indicated that deqi effect might not be the crucial factor for the effectiveness of manual acupuncture.

Corrigendum to “Deqi effect for treating knee osteoarthritis using manual acupuncture: A network meta-analysis” [J Tradit Chin Med Sci 8 (2021) 343e352]

The authors regret<In previous version,we made several errors.The correct descriptions are as follows.>.[Results]They used manual stimulation of the needles:one clearly required deqi in the intervention method;6 one achieved deqi if possible;14 one executed a brief manipulation at the beginning and the end of the treatment;31 and 10 RCTs described the manipulation to elicit deqi.29,30,32-39 In three MAOD groups,one used Streitberger non-penetrating needle,31 the patients in Wang et al.’s experiment were given fine needle,shallow insertion and weak stimulation without manipulation to avoid Deqi,32 whereas other one used needle inserted into acupoints but did not use any method of stimulation.40 In the CTWM,11 RCTs included routine pharmacological therapy,and one RCT14 considered waiting lists in which patients were allowed to receive oral NSAIDs if necessary.Twelve RCTs recorded WOMAC,and ten RCTs used VAS.

AIEgen configuration transition and aggregation enable dual prompt emission for single-component nondoped white OLEDs

The dual emission(DE)feature in materials holds great potential to revolutionize the development of one-component system white organic lightemitting diodes(WOLEDs).However,the reported DE materials remain scarce owing to the formidable challenge of breaking Kasha’s rule and managing the intricate energy/charge transfer processes.Herein,we have introduced a groundbreaking DE AIEgen,2CzAn-TPE,which possesses a simple structure and undergoes Z-to-E isomerization and exhibits yellow and red fluorescence powders for pre-and post-sublimation,respectively.With relatively lower potential energy,Z-conformation((Z)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis(4-(10-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)anthracen-9-yl)phenyl)ethene)of 2CzAn-TPE can be readily transformed into E-conformation((E)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis(4-(10-(9-phenyl-9Hcarbazol-3-yl)anthracen-9-yl)phenyl)ethene)via vacuum sublimation.The utilization of X-ray diffraction and grazing-incidence-wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques confirms the structural transformation,while the crystallographic analysis reveals the establishment of numerous intermolecular CH⋅⋅⋅πinteractions between the tetraphenylethene(TPE)moiety and both the anthracene and carbazole units.This allows a densely packed molecular arrangement,thereby offering propitious conditions for excimer generation in the E-conformation aggregated state.By utilizing the sublimated 2CzAn-TPE as an emitter,a nondoped one-component WOLED was prepared,exhibiting an exceptionally high external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 5.0%,which represents one of the highest performances among all one-componentWOLEDs.This research introduces a novel,simple,and efficient approach to realize highly efficient one-molecule WOLEDs.

Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome in a Dizygotic Monochorionic Twins

To editor:Monochorionicity was traditionally considered indicative of monozygosity.However,recent years have witnessed the emergence of several noteworthy instances of monochorionic dizygotic(MCDZ)twins in clinical practice.In 2000,Viëtor et al.1 documented the initial established case of MCDZ twins.Subsequent studies have further documented this unconventional twinning phenomenon.2,3 The recognized complications associated with monochorionic monozygotic pregnancies,including twin-twin transfusion syndrome(TTTS),twin anemia–polycythemia sequence(TAPS),selective intrauterine growth restriction(sIUGR),congenital malformations,and intrauterine fetal death,could also manifest in MCDZ pregnancies.4,5 In this correspondence,we presented an extremely rare case of TTTS in a dizygotic monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation successfully treated with fetoscopic laser photocoagulation.The patients’permission to publish was obtained.

基于机器学习鸟声识别算法研究进展

监测生态系统中鸟类多样性的状态和趋势是一项重大挑战,需要广泛适用的基于机器学习的鸟鸣识别算法。为准确把握基于机器学习的鸟声识别方法的研究现状与发展趋势,本文介绍了鸟鸣识别任务的基本概念,并从模型结构设计角度对基于机器学习的鸟鸣识别算法进行概述。鉴于基于机器学习的鸟鸣识别技术的跨学科性质,根据研究方向将算法分为:概率模型(probabilistic model)、模板匹配(template matching)、时序分析(time series analysis)、迁移学习(transfer learning)、数据融合(data fusion)、集成学习(ensemble learning)、度量学习(metric learning)和无监督聚类(unsupervised clustering)的鸟鸣识别算法。本文回顾了这些方法在完成鸟声识别任务时的技术脉络,以及这些算法的特点和局限性,并比较了它们在鸟鸣识别方面的有效性。本文还讨论了常用的标准化鸟声开源数据集和评估指标。最后,本文指出当前方法所面临的挑战和该领域潜在的未来研究方向。本综述旨在为从事鸟声识别研究的学者和开发人员提供一个全面的参考框架,以便更好地理解现有技术和潜在发展趋势。

无创左心室压力-应变循环技术在左心室功能参数与肝硬化的相关性分析

目的 探讨无创左心室压力-应变循环技术(LVPSL)与肝硬化患者肝功能分级(ChildPugh)之间的相关性。方法 前瞻性纳入2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日山东大学齐鲁医院德州医院收治的肝硬化患者120例及健康对照40例。根据Child-Pugh评分,将肝硬化患者分为三个亚组,Child-Pugh A级组(A组)、B级组(B组)和C级组(C组),各40例。采集常规超声心动图参数、左心室整体纵向应变(LVGLS)、左心室整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有效做功(GCW)、整体无效做功(GWW)和整体做功效率(GWE)参数。分析常规超声心动图参数、GLS、GWWI、GCCW、GWW和GWI与Child-Pugh评分之间的相关性。结果 与对照组相比,肝硬化组常规超声心动图参数无明显改变,而LVGLS、GWI、GCW和GWE明显降低,GWW升高(P <0.01);与肝硬化A组比较,B组LVGLS、GWI、GCW和GWE降低,而GWW升高(P <0.01);与肝硬化B组比较,C组LVGLS、GWI、GCW和GWE降低,而GWW升高(P <0.01);肝硬化患者的Child-Pugh评分与LVGLS的绝对值、GWI、GCW、GWE呈负相关(r=-0.624,-0.586,-0.674,-0.589),与GWW呈正相关(r=0.724)。结论 基于LVPSL技术测量的GWI、GCW、GWE和GWW可定量分析不同肝功能分级肝硬化心肌做功情况。

界面工程实现Au@MoS_(2)核壳异质结在等离激元学和光电子学领域卓越的热载流子输运动力学

贵金属和二维半导体构建的异质结为等离激元纳米结构产生的热载流子提供了独特的电荷传输路径,有望应用于各种等离激元和光电子器件.然而,传统异质结构的电荷转移速度和效率通常受限于有限的界面面积和不可避免的界面污染.本文中,具有原子级清洁和较大接触界面的新型Au@MoS_(2)核壳异质结构能够实现超快和高效的热电子转移.飞秒瞬态吸收光谱研究表明,Au@MoS_(2)中从金纳米颗粒到MoS_(2)的热电子注入时间常数小于244 fs,而机械转移方法制备的Au/MoS_(2)对照样品的热电子注入时间常数为493 fs,同时,电荷转移效率从Au/MoS_(2)的3.33%提升至Au@MoS_(2)的25.3%.开尔文探针力显微镜和离散偶极近似研究进一步证明了上述结果,明显改善的电荷转移归因于原子级清洁和完全封装的异质结界面.这项研究提供了贵金属-二维半导体异质结构内固有电荷转移的基本理解,从而展现了Au@MoS_(2)这一新型异质结结构在等离激元和光电子器件中的应用前景.

Upregulation of CD81 in trophoblasts induces an imbalance of Treg/Th17 cells by promoting IL-6 expression in preeclampsia

The disturbance of maternal immune tolerance to a semiallogeneic fetus is recognized as one of the key pathologies of preeclampsia(PE),in which an imbalance between the inflammation-limiting regulatory T cells(Tregs)and the inflammationmediating Th17 cells plays an essential role.Previously,we reported that the abnormal upregulation of tetraspannin CD81 in trophoblast cells(fetal component)participated in the pathogenesis of PE.However,as one of the potential immune regulatory molecules,whether CD81 induces PE by interfering with the balance of the maternal immune system has not yet been clarified.Thus,we investigated the relationship between the upregulation of CD81 in trophoblast cells and the imbalance of Treg and Th17 cells in mothers.Here,we demonstrated that upregulation of CD81 in trophoblast cells was accompanied by a decrease in Treg cells and an increase in Th17 cells in both the basal plate(placental maternal side)and peripheral blood of patients with PE.In vitro culture of naïve T cells with medium from the CD81-overexpressing trophoblast cell line HTR-8 resulted in enhanced differentiation of T cells into Th17 cells and decreased the formation of Tregs,which was dependent on the paracrine signaling of IL-6 in trophocytes,induced by CD81.In a CD81-induced PE rat model,we found a significant shift of T cell differentiation towards Th17 cells,and administration of IL-6 antibody mitigated the PE phenotype and the imbalance of the Treg/Th17 cells.These results define a vital regulatory cascade involving trophocyte-derived CD81,IL-6,and maternal Treg/Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of PE and suggests new therapeutic approaches based on CD81 and IL-6 downregulation to prevent human PE.

Molecular and serological surveillance of Getah virus in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,2017–2020

The Getah virus(GETV),a mosquito-borne RNA virus,is widely distributed in Oceania and Asia.GETV is not the only pathogenic to horses,pigs,cattle,foxes and boars,but it can also cause fever in humans.Since its first reported case in Chinese mainland in 2017,the number of GETV-affected provinces has increased to seventeen till now.Therefore,we performed an epidemiologic investigation of GETV in the Xinjiang region,located in northwestern China,during the period of 2017-2020.ELISA was used to analyze 3299 serum samples collected from thoroughbred horse,local horse,sheep,goat,cattle,and pigs,with thoroughbred horse(74.8%),local horse(67.3%),goat(11.7%),sheep(10.0%),cattle(25.1%)and pigs(51.1%)being positive for anti-GETV antibodies.Interestingly,the neutralizing antibody titer in horses was much higher than in other species.Four samples from horses and pigs were positive for GETV according to RT-PCR.Furthermore,from the serum of a local horse,we isolated GETV which was designated as strain XJ-2019-07,and determined its complete genome sequence.From the phylogenetic relationships,it belongs to the Group III lineage.This is the first evidence of GETV associated to domestic animals in Xinjiang.Overall,GETV is prevalent in Xinjiang and probably has been for several years.Since no vaccine against GETV is available in China,detection and monitoring strategies should be improved in horses and pigs,especially imported and farmed,in order to prevent economic losses.

Importers Drive Leaf-to-Leaf Jasmonic Acid Transmission in Wound-Induced Systemic Immunity

The transmission of mobile wound signals along the phloem pathway is essential to the activation of wound-induced systemic response/resistance,which requires an upsurge of jasmonic acid(JA)in the distal undamaged leaves.Among these mobile signals,the electrical signal mediated by the glutamate-dependent activation of several clade three GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE(GLR3)proteins is involved in the stimulation of JA production in distal leaves.However,whether JA acts as a mobile wound signal and,if so,how it is transmitted and interacts with the electrical signal remain unclear.Here,we show that JA was translocated from the local to distal leaves in Arabidopsis,and this process was predominantly regulated by two phloem-expressed and plasma membrane-localized jasmonate transporters,AtJAT3 and AtJAT4.In addition to the cooperation between AtJAT3/4 and GLR3.3 in the regulation of long-distance JA translocation,our findings indicate that importer-mediated cell-cell JA transport is important for driving the loading and translocation of JA in the phloem pathway in a self-propagating manner.

Placenta-derived IL-32β activates neutrophils to promote preeclampsia development

Immune activation at the maternal-fetal interface is a main pathogenic factor of preeclampsia(PE).Neutrophils(PMNs)are activated in PE patients,but the mechanism and consequences of PMN activation need to be further explored.Here,we demonstrated that interleukin-32(IL-32)expression was significantly upregulated in syncytiotrophoblasts(STBs)and that IL-32β was the major isoform with increased expression in the placenta of severe PE(sPE)patients.Furthermore,the level of IL-32 expression in the placenta was correlated with its level in the serum of sPE patients,indicating that IL-32 in the serum is derived mainly from the placenta.Then,in vitro experiments showed that IL-32β could highly activate PMNs and that these IL-32β-activated PMNs were better able to adhere to endothelial cells(HUVECs)and enhance the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1)and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)in HUVECs,which could be reversed by preincubation with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor VAS 2870.In addition,we showed that IL-32β mainly activated PMNs by binding to proteinase 3.Finally,IL-32β administration induced a PE-like phenotype in a pregnant mouse model.This study provides evidence of the involvement of IL-32β in the pathogenesis of PE.

Rapid growth of a long-seed KDP crystal

To reduce the seed length while maintaining the advantages of the cuboid KDP-type crystal,a long-seed KDP crystal with size 471 mm×480 mm×400 mm is rapidly grown.With almost the same high cutting efficiency to obtain third harmonic generation oriented samples,this long-seed KDP-type crystal can be grown with a shorter seed than that of the cuboid KDP-type crystal.The full width at half maximum of the high-resolution X-ray diffraction of the(200)crystalline face is 28.8 arc seconds,indicating that the long-seed KDP crystal has good crystalline quality.In the wavelength range of 377–1022 nm,the transmittance of the long-seed KDP crystal is higher than 90%.The fluence for the 50%probability of laser-induced damage(LID)is 18.5 J/cm^2(3 ns,355 nm).Several test points survive when the laser fluence exceeds 30 J/cm^2(3 ns,355 nm),indicating the good LID performance of the long-seed KDP crystal.At present,the growth of a long-seed DKDP crystal is under way.

Big Data Analytics for Improving Financial Performance and Sustainability

In this study,the key drivers of sustainability commitment,green supply chain management,big data integration and green human resource practice are explored,and the impact of these sustainable capabilities on the environmental and financial performance of banks is also elaborated.In addition,the influence of green management practices on integrating big data technology into operations is presented.As for the concept of dynamic ability,it has been used to recommend and empirically test conceptual models.Data were collected through a self-administrated survey questionnaire on 317 people working in 37 banks in six Asian countries.Research suggests that big data analytics strategies have an impact on internal processes and on the stability and financial performance of banks.Besides,it is indicated that banks are committed to proper data monitoring of their customers to complete operational efficiency and sustainability goals.Furthermore,our result proved that banks practicing Green Innovation strategies experience better environmental and economic performance because their employees are already trained in Green HR.Finally,from our study,it was found that internal and external green supply chain management practices have a positive effect on the environmental and financial performance of banks,thus ensuring that the bank of Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)mitigates the environmental impact through its operations and ultimately experiences an increase in financial performance.

High-energy,high-repetition-rate ultraviolet pulses from an efficiency-enhanced,frequency-tripled laser

In this study,a high-energy,temporally shaped picosecond ultraviolet(UV)laser running at 100 Hz is demonstrated,with its pulses boosted to 120 mJ by cascaded regenerative and double-pass amplifiers,resulting in a gain of more than 10^(8).With precise manipulation and optimization,the amplified laser pulses were flat-top in the temporal and spatial domains to maintain high filling factors,which significantly improved the conversion efficiency of the subsequent third harmonic generation(THG).Finally,91 mJ,470 ps pulses were obtained at 355 nm,corresponding to a conversion efficiency as high as 76%,which,as far as we are aware of,is the highest THG efficiency for a high-repetition-rate picosecond laser.In addition,the energy stability of the UV laser is better than 1.07%(root mean square),which makes this laser an attractive source for a variety of fields including laser conditioning and micro-fabrication.

Versatile Aggregation-Enhanced Delayed Fluorescence Luminogens Functioning as Emitters and Hosts for High-Performance Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Severe efficiency instability is still a huge challenge for most organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)molecules,frustrating their industrial application.To address this issue,herein we report two robust luminogens,3,6-bis(9,9-dimethylacridin-10-yl)-xanthen9-one(BDMAC-XT)and 3,6-bis(9,9-diphenylacridin-10-yl)-xanthen-9-one(BDPAC-XT),comprised of electron-accepting 3,6-dibromoxanthen-9-one and electron-donating 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine and 9,9-diphenyl-9,10-dihydroacridine.

Basic Research, Technological Innovation, and Firm Performance: The Empirical Analysis from Huawei Data

Since firms are the entities of technological innovation and basic research is the source of technological innovation,encouraging firms to conduct basic research has gained increasing attention.Using Huawei Technologies as a case study,this study employs a vector autoregressive(VAR)model and relevant data of the target firm from 2000 to 2019 to investigate the relationships between basic research,technological innovation,and firm performance.According to the findings,basic research has a positive effect on technological innovation but has a significant lag;technological innovation has a positive effect on firm performance and shows significant periodicity;while basic research has a positive effect on firm performance and a procedural nature.On this basis,we put forward some enlightening suggestions for firms to carry out basic research.