[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Torreya fargesii aril. [Method] By indoor bioassay, the effects of different con-centrations (10, 20,40, 80 g/L) of aqueous extract of T...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Torreya fargesii aril. [Method] By indoor bioassay, the effects of different con-centrations (10, 20,40, 80 g/L) of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril on seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and anti oxidative enzyme activities of radish, mustard and cabbage were analyzed and compared. [ Result] Different concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of three crops, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced with the increase of concentration. Seedling height and fresh weight of three crops were improved by low concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril and inhibited by high concentrations of aqueous extract. Overall, aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited allelopathic inhibitory effects on three crops, and the level of allelopath-ic inhibitory effects demonstrated a descending order of radish 〉 mustard 〉 cabbage. Compared with the control group, 80 g/L aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril almost significantly reduced seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight and chlorophyll content, and significantly improved MDA con-tent and antioxidative enzyme (SOD, CAT, POD) activities of radish, mustard and cabbage (P 〈 0 .0 5 ) . [ Conclusion] Aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited remarkable allelopathic inhibitory effects on seed germination of radish, mustard and cabbage, which indicated that there might be dormancy-associated germination in-hibiting allelochemicals in T. fargesii aril. This study provided theoretical basis for subsequent clarification of the mechanism of seed dormancy of T. fargesii.展开更多
[Objective] To reveal the leaf functional traits and adaptive strategy of Torreya fargesii at different altitude gradients.[Method] Leaves of T. fargesii were selected from the altitudes of 1 570, 1 700, 1 900, 2 125 ...[Objective] To reveal the leaf functional traits and adaptive strategy of Torreya fargesii at different altitude gradients.[Method] Leaves of T. fargesii were selected from the altitudes of 1 570, 1 700, 1 900, 2 125 and 2 360 m in Jiajinshan forest area of Sichuan Baoxing County, and the altitudes of 1 000, 1 200, 1 450, and 1 700 m in Hua'eshan Mountain Nature Reserve of Sichuan Wanyuan County as the research materials. Leaf blade traits such as leaf length, leaf width, leaf girth, leaf area and leaf dry weight were determined, and the influence of altitude on each index and correlation between characters were analyzed. [Result] For the leaves from both Baoxing County and Wanyuan County, leaf length, leaf width, leaf girth, leaf aspect ratio and leaf area decreased with the increase of altitude. There was no significant difference in the changes of leaf width, leaf girth and leaf aspect ratio among different altitudes(P>0.05), while the difference was significant in leaf length between high altitude and low attitude(P<0.05), and the difference was also significant in leaf area for the leaves from Baoxing County between high altitude and low altitude. However, there was no obvious correlation between leaf width and altitude, which could be considered as a relatively stable parameter. Leaf thickness and leaf dry weight increased first and then decreased with altitude,while the specific leaf area decreased first and then increased. In leaf length, leaf girth, leaf width and leaf area parameters, except for leaf width and leaf area for the T. fargesii from Wanyuan County, any two parameters reached significant or very significant positive correlation level(P<0.01). Leaf dry weight and leaf thickness had significant or very significant positive correlation, leaf dry weight and leaf area had a certain positive correlation but not significant. There existed no significant positive correlation between specific leaf area and leaf area, while specific leaf area was in negative correlation with leaf dry weight, and the negative correlation of specific leaf area with leaf area of T. fargesii from Wanyuan County reached the significant level.[Conclusion] T. fargesii adapted to different altitudes by changing leaf dry weight, leaf area and leaf area ratio, and the most suitable altitudes for the growth of T. fargesii were 1 900 and 1 450 m in Baoxing and Wanyuan area respectively.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to explore whether there is autotoxicity in tumorous stem mustard through studying the allelopathic effects of water extracts and decomposition liquids of tumorous stem mustard residues on...[Objective] This study aimed to explore whether there is autotoxicity in tumorous stem mustard through studying the allelopathic effects of water extracts and decomposition liquids of tumorous stem mustard residues on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard.[Method] With Fuza No.2 as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of leaf extract,root extract,7-d decomposition liquid,15-d decomposition liquid of tumorous stem mustard on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were investigated.[Result] Compared with those in the control,the four kinds of 100% treatment solutions all significantly reduced the seed germination rate,seed germination vigor,root length,plant height and fresh weight of tumorous stem mustard(P<0.05),and significantly increased the malondialdehyde(MDA) content,catalase(CAT) activity,peroxidase(POD) activity and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of young seedlings of tumorous stem mustard;the allelopathic effects of the four kinds of water extracts and decomposition liquids on seed germination and root length of tumorous stem mustard were weakened with the decreased concentration;for the four kinds of water extracts and decomposition liquids,low-concentration treatment solutions promoted the increase of plant height and fresh weight,while high-concentration treatment solutions inhibited the increase of plant height and fresh weight of young seedlings of tumorous stem mustard;the allelopathic effect of leaf extract on seed germination of tumorous stem mustard was stronger than those of root extract and decomposition liquids,the allelopathic effects of decomposition liquids on seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were stronger than those of water extracts,the inhibitory effect of leaf extract on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were stronger than that of root extract,and the inhibitory effect of 15-d decomposition liquid on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard was stronger than that of 7-d decomposition liquid.[Conclusion] The water extracts and decomposition liquids of tumorous stem mustard residues had certain autotoxicity on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard,and their allelopathic effects had a concentration-dependent manner.It could be presumed that the autotoxicity of tumorous stem mustard is the main cause of continuous cropping obstacle.展开更多
The effect of time-odd fields of Skyrme interaction on neutron odd-even mass differences is studied in the framework of axially deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock(DSHF)+BCS model. To this end, we take into account both the ...The effect of time-odd fields of Skyrme interaction on neutron odd-even mass differences is studied in the framework of axially deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock(DSHF)+BCS model. To this end, we take into account both the time-even and time-odd fields to calculate the one-neutron and two-neutron separation energies and pairing gaps of semi-magic Ca, Ni, and Sn isotopic chains. In the calculations, a surface-type pairing interaction(IS pairing) and an isospin dependent contact pairing interaction(IS+IV pairing)are adopted on top of Skyrme interactions SLy4, SLy6 and Sk M*, respectively. We find that the time-odd fields have in general small effects on pairing gaps, but achieve better agreement with experimental data using SLy4 and Sly6 interactions, respectively.It is also shown that the calculations with IS+IV pairing reproduce the one-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes better than those with the IS pairing interaction when the contributions of the time-odd fields are included.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470568)Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJ1401204)Program for Innovation Team Building of Yangtze Normal University(2014XJTD06)
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Torreya fargesii aril. [Method] By indoor bioassay, the effects of different con-centrations (10, 20,40, 80 g/L) of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril on seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and anti oxidative enzyme activities of radish, mustard and cabbage were analyzed and compared. [ Result] Different concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of three crops, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced with the increase of concentration. Seedling height and fresh weight of three crops were improved by low concentrations of aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril and inhibited by high concentrations of aqueous extract. Overall, aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited allelopathic inhibitory effects on three crops, and the level of allelopath-ic inhibitory effects demonstrated a descending order of radish 〉 mustard 〉 cabbage. Compared with the control group, 80 g/L aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril almost significantly reduced seed germination rate, seedling root length, seedling height, fresh weight and chlorophyll content, and significantly improved MDA con-tent and antioxidative enzyme (SOD, CAT, POD) activities of radish, mustard and cabbage (P 〈 0 .0 5 ) . [ Conclusion] Aqueous extract of T. fargesii aril exhibited remarkable allelopathic inhibitory effects on seed germination of radish, mustard and cabbage, which indicated that there might be dormancy-associated germination in-hibiting allelochemicals in T. fargesii aril. This study provided theoretical basis for subsequent clarification of the mechanism of seed dormancy of T. fargesii.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470568,31400321)the Science and Technology Project of Fuling District,Chongqing,China(FLKJ,2017ABA)
文摘[Objective] To reveal the leaf functional traits and adaptive strategy of Torreya fargesii at different altitude gradients.[Method] Leaves of T. fargesii were selected from the altitudes of 1 570, 1 700, 1 900, 2 125 and 2 360 m in Jiajinshan forest area of Sichuan Baoxing County, and the altitudes of 1 000, 1 200, 1 450, and 1 700 m in Hua'eshan Mountain Nature Reserve of Sichuan Wanyuan County as the research materials. Leaf blade traits such as leaf length, leaf width, leaf girth, leaf area and leaf dry weight were determined, and the influence of altitude on each index and correlation between characters were analyzed. [Result] For the leaves from both Baoxing County and Wanyuan County, leaf length, leaf width, leaf girth, leaf aspect ratio and leaf area decreased with the increase of altitude. There was no significant difference in the changes of leaf width, leaf girth and leaf aspect ratio among different altitudes(P>0.05), while the difference was significant in leaf length between high altitude and low attitude(P<0.05), and the difference was also significant in leaf area for the leaves from Baoxing County between high altitude and low altitude. However, there was no obvious correlation between leaf width and altitude, which could be considered as a relatively stable parameter. Leaf thickness and leaf dry weight increased first and then decreased with altitude,while the specific leaf area decreased first and then increased. In leaf length, leaf girth, leaf width and leaf area parameters, except for leaf width and leaf area for the T. fargesii from Wanyuan County, any two parameters reached significant or very significant positive correlation level(P<0.01). Leaf dry weight and leaf thickness had significant or very significant positive correlation, leaf dry weight and leaf area had a certain positive correlation but not significant. There existed no significant positive correlation between specific leaf area and leaf area, while specific leaf area was in negative correlation with leaf dry weight, and the negative correlation of specific leaf area with leaf area of T. fargesii from Wanyuan County reached the significant level.[Conclusion] T. fargesii adapted to different altitudes by changing leaf dry weight, leaf area and leaf area ratio, and the most suitable altitudes for the growth of T. fargesii were 1 900 and 1 450 m in Baoxing and Wanyuan area respectively.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470568)Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJ1401204)Program for Innovation Team Building at Institutions of Higher Education in Chongqing(2013)
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore whether there is autotoxicity in tumorous stem mustard through studying the allelopathic effects of water extracts and decomposition liquids of tumorous stem mustard residues on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard.[Method] With Fuza No.2 as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of leaf extract,root extract,7-d decomposition liquid,15-d decomposition liquid of tumorous stem mustard on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were investigated.[Result] Compared with those in the control,the four kinds of 100% treatment solutions all significantly reduced the seed germination rate,seed germination vigor,root length,plant height and fresh weight of tumorous stem mustard(P<0.05),and significantly increased the malondialdehyde(MDA) content,catalase(CAT) activity,peroxidase(POD) activity and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of young seedlings of tumorous stem mustard;the allelopathic effects of the four kinds of water extracts and decomposition liquids on seed germination and root length of tumorous stem mustard were weakened with the decreased concentration;for the four kinds of water extracts and decomposition liquids,low-concentration treatment solutions promoted the increase of plant height and fresh weight,while high-concentration treatment solutions inhibited the increase of plant height and fresh weight of young seedlings of tumorous stem mustard;the allelopathic effect of leaf extract on seed germination of tumorous stem mustard was stronger than those of root extract and decomposition liquids,the allelopathic effects of decomposition liquids on seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were stronger than those of water extracts,the inhibitory effect of leaf extract on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard were stronger than that of root extract,and the inhibitory effect of 15-d decomposition liquid on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard was stronger than that of 7-d decomposition liquid.[Conclusion] The water extracts and decomposition liquids of tumorous stem mustard residues had certain autotoxicity on seed germination and seedling growth of tumorous stem mustard,and their allelopathic effects had a concentration-dependent manner.It could be presumed that the autotoxicity of tumorous stem mustard is the main cause of continuous cropping obstacle.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10975116 and11275160)the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics+2 种基金Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina(Grant No.Y5KF141CJ1)
文摘The effect of time-odd fields of Skyrme interaction on neutron odd-even mass differences is studied in the framework of axially deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock(DSHF)+BCS model. To this end, we take into account both the time-even and time-odd fields to calculate the one-neutron and two-neutron separation energies and pairing gaps of semi-magic Ca, Ni, and Sn isotopic chains. In the calculations, a surface-type pairing interaction(IS pairing) and an isospin dependent contact pairing interaction(IS+IV pairing)are adopted on top of Skyrme interactions SLy4, SLy6 and Sk M*, respectively. We find that the time-odd fields have in general small effects on pairing gaps, but achieve better agreement with experimental data using SLy4 and Sly6 interactions, respectively.It is also shown that the calculations with IS+IV pairing reproduce the one-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes better than those with the IS pairing interaction when the contributions of the time-odd fields are included.