Accelerating the practical application of MOFs for hydrogen storage-from performance-driven to application-oriented

Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)are highly promising porous materials known for their exceptional porosity,extensive surface area,and customizable pore structures,making them an ideal solution for hydrogen storage.However,most MOFs research remains confined to the laboratory,lacking practical applications.To address this,the author proposes a shift towards practical applications,the creation of a comprehensive MOFs database,alignment of synthesis with practical considerations,and diversification of MOFs applications.These steps are crucial for harnessing the full potential of MOFs in real-world energy challenges.

浅析当前生长受阻仔猪形成原因及防治策略

在当前集约化生产的猪场中,约有10%的仔猪由于各种原因导致生长受阻形成“僵猪”。僵猪生长发育迟缓,饲料转换率低,免疫力差、易染病而成为猪群的传染源。对僵猪的处理方式不当会造成饲料的浪费与猪只的损失,期间给猪场或养殖户造成较大的经济损失。文章浅析了生长受阻仔猪形成的原因,提出了一些相对应的防治策略,以期为从事养猪的工作者提供参考。

Occurrence and formation potential of nitrosamines in river water and ground water along the Songhua River, China

The presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic nitrosamines in water is of great concern. In this study, seven nitrosamines including N-nitrosodimethylamine （NDMA）, N-nitrosodiethylamine （NDEA）, N-nitrosomethylethylamine （NMEA）, N-nitrosopyrrolidine （NPyr）, N-nitrosopiperidine （NPip）, N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine （NDPA）, and N-nitrosodi-n-butyl-amine （NDBA） were investigated in river water and ground water samples collected from 5 representative cities （Jilin, Songyuan, Harbin, Jiamusi and Tongjiang） along the Songhua River. The total concentrations of nitrosamines in ground water were n.d. （not detected） to 60.8 ng/L, NDMA was the most frequently detected nitrosamines in ground water, followed by NDEA and NPip. Relatively high detected frequency and concentrations of NDMA were also observed in river water samples, and the total nitrosamines＇ concentration at midstream is always higher than that at upstream and downstream. After 24 hr chlorination, concentration of NDMA, NDBA was obviously increased but NDEA was reduced. Furthermore, UV2s4 showed a better relationship with NDMA-FP rather than dissolved organic carbon （DOC）. NI-h-N. and TDN.

The integration of artificial intelligence models to augment imaging modalities in pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is an aggressive malignancy with a limited number of effective treatments.Using emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence(AI)to facilitate the earlier diagnosis and decision-making process represents one of the most promising areas for investigation.The integration of AI models to augment imaging modalities in PDAC has made great progression in the past 5 years,especially in organ segmentation,AI-aided diagnosis,and radiomics based individualized medicine.In this article,we review the developments of AI in the field of PDAC and the present clinical position.We also examine the barriers to future development and more widespread application which will require increased familiarity of the underlying technology among clinicians to promote the necessary enthusiasm and collaboration with computer professionals.

Notch signaling inhibitor and anti-PD-L1 antibody combination therapies decelerate tumor progression in pancreatic cancer

Objective:Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a highly lethal malignancy with an immunosuppressive environment.Yet,current immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapies have shown limited efficacy in PC,prompting the need for combination therapies.Herein,we hypothesized that combinations of Notch signaling inhibitor and anti-ligand programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)antibody immunotherapy would show synergistic efficacy.Methods:The baseline expression of PD-L1 and HES1 was measured in PC cell lines,single-cell RNA-seq data of PC(GSA:CRA001160),and cBioPortal databases.In an in vitro study,MIA PaCa2 and SW1990 were used to explore the mechanism between Notch signaling and PD-L1.To study the effects in vivo,a subcutaneous tumor model was established using Pan02 cells treated with either anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody and/or Notch inhibitor DAPT.The study performed involving human samples was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital(approval No.S-K460,approval date:April 23,2018).Animal studies were approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital(approval No.XHDW-2019-049,approval date:November 28,2019).Results:The Notch signaling inhibitor upregulated PD-L1 expression in PC tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.Notch effector HES1 knockdown produced PD-L1 upregulation in both MIA PaCa2 and SW1990 cells.Combined DAPT and anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment of Pan02 subcutaneous tumor model resulted in significantly reduced tumor weights compared to that with monotherapy,as well as significantly reduced Ki67 than that in the monotherapy group and control group.Flow cytometry analysis revealed significantly increased CD8+T cell infiltration in tumors of the combination group compared with those of the monotherapy group.Conclusion:Notch signaling blockade might enhance the antitumor effect of anti-PD-L1 therapy in PC.

Overexpression of catechol-O-methyltransferase occurs early in the progression of pancreatic cancer

Aims:Catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)plays a role in many kinds of cancer,and its high expression in pancreatic cancer has been found to be related to better prognosis.However,the expression and biological significance of COMT in multistep pancreatic cancerogenesis is not clear.Main methods:Six LSL-Kras^(G12D)-positive and Pdx1-Cre-positive mice(Kras^(G12D)mice),6 wild-type mice and 1 human tissue microarray were used in this study.COMT protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry,and DNA chips were made for use in COMT mRNA assays.Keyfindings:The expression of COMT in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias(PanINs)from Kras^(G12D)mice was significantly higher than that in normal pancreatic tissue from wild-type mice,both in terms of protein level and mRNA expression.The median COMT immunohistochemistry expression scores in human PanIN-1 and PanIN-2 were 70 and 160,respectively,which were significantly lower than the score of 170 observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)(P=.024 and.037,respectively)and significantly higher than the score of 25 observed in pancreatitis(P=.01 and.008,respectively).Significance:In the development of pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis and in the transition of PanIN to PDAC,we observed significantly increased expression of COMT.These data predict that the overexpression of COMT is an early event in the multistep process of pancreatic cancerogenesis.