“立德树人,为战育人”背景下军队院校环境化学教学改革与实践

按照新时代军事教育方针的要求,开创我国军事院校教育发展的新局面,探讨了利用课堂教学这一军事教育的主要渠道进行育人的重要实践。通过对环境化学课程的教学内容进行整合优化,采用翻转课堂完成基础知识学习,利用线下课堂充分融入思政元素和军事元素,以实现知识传授、能力培养和价值塑造为教育目标,培养出德才兼备的高素质、专业化新型军事人才。

非化学专业大学化学课程体系化教学改革探索

大学化学课程是在非化学专业本科生中进行化学素质教育的重要平台。但在教学过程中发现,课程学时少与教学内容多的矛盾非常突出,同时学生的化学基础参差不齐、学习目的不清等因素造成大学化学课程教学的针对性和有效性不强。为此,在教学内容、教学模式、教学方法等方面对大学化学课程教学进行了体系化的改革,收到了较好的效果。

输配电价改革下电网企业财务管理目标分析与路径探索

以准许成本加合理收益、分电压等级核定输配电价的改革政策,给电网企业财务管理赋予了新的目标,电网企业必须要积极应对:为实现成本监审目标,电网企业既要改造收支账套,按照“电压等级”归集输配电成本和收入,同时也要对固定资产重新分类;为实现准许收入最优目标,电网企业可以尝试建立动态输配电成本管理模型,并要用足有利政策,做实有效资产;为应对盈利模式变化趋势,电网企业要尽快树立平台服务观念,扩充服务收入。

Central neuromechanisms underlying control of intragastric pressure through acupuncture at Zusanli(ST36) in rats: the upper cervical cord is the key link between the ascending and descending pathways

Sensory inputs stimulated by Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture in the abdomen are known to converge in the upper cervical cord. However, it is unclear whether these inputs are subsequently conveyed to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and what kind of afferent fibers are involved. We focused on the upper cervical cord, where afferent inputs converge, and detected c-fos expression in oxytocinergic neurons. We found that Zusanli acupuncture therapy effectively elevated intragastric pressure, but inhibited expression of c-fos in oxytocinergic neurons of the paraventricular nucleus in upper cervical cord injured rats. These Zusanli acupuncture effects remained even after complete dorsal cord transection. However, after complete transection of the spinal cord or dorsolateral funiculus, the effects were significantly attenuated and even disappeared. These findings suggest that the paraventricular nucleus is responsible for pooling and integrating signals from the Zusanli acupuncture and sensory information from the intragastric pressure variation, thereby contributing to the regulation of intragastric pressure. The upper cervical cord serves as the key link between ascending and descending pathways, which conveys afferent inputs to the paraventricular nucleus through the dorsolateral funiculus.

稀土La_(2)O_(3)/CeO_(2)复合材料作为润滑油添加剂的减摩自修复性能研究

通过化学合成法制备了稀土La_(2)O_(3)/CeO_(2)复合润滑添加剂,采用油酸改性使其在油中稳定分散,以400SN为基础油考察了在点、面接触条件下添加剂的摩擦学性能,并探讨了添加剂的减摩自修复机理。试验发现:添加剂具有良好的减摩性能是由于粒子表面包覆的油酸在摩擦表面形成了低剪切强度的润滑膜,同时,添加剂粒子在摩擦表面起到了“微轴承”的滚珠效应进一步减小了摩擦;添加剂具有良好的抗磨性能则是由于粒子同金属表面形成了合金层;合金层的形成对磨损表面起到了较好的修复作用,在稀土粒子的催化作用下,油酸中的活性C在摩擦表面形成的渗碳层则进一步增强了修复效果。

Raf激酶抑制蛋白增强宫颈癌细胞的化疗敏感性(英文)

Objective:The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of up-regulation of Raf kinase inhibitor protein(RKlP) on the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer Hela cells.Methods:Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-ssRKIP containing human overall length RKIPcDNA was transfected into cervical cancer Hela cell by lipofectin assay,establishing a stable cell line containing a target gene by G418.Expression of RKIP in Hela cells was measured by Western blot analysis.After treatment with cisplatin of different concentrations and intervals of time,the effect of RKIP on the proliferation of Hela cells was evaluated by MTT method.The flow cytometry was used to investigate whether the RKIP could inhibit apoptosis in Hela cells induced by cisplatin.Results:The expression of RKIP in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was increased obviously.After different concentrations of cisplatin treatment cells for 24,48 and 72 h,the growth inhibition rate in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was significantly higher than in control cells(P < 0.05).With 5 μg/mL cisplatin treatment for 24 h,pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP-transfected Hela cells had an obviously higher percentage of apoptosis(23.2 ± 0.24)% than non-transfected cells(12.4 ± 0.31)% and empty vector-transfected cells(13.4 ± 0.47)%.Without treatment of cisplatin,the percentage of apoptosis for Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was(5.7 ± 0.12)%,which was still higher than those of the non-transfected cells(2.9 ± 0.21)% and empty vector-transfected cells(3 ± 0.08)%.Conclusion:Higher expression of RKIP gene can improve chemosensitivitv of cervical cancer Hela cells to cisplatin.

成都武侯祠园林艺术特征及其传承研究

武侯祠原是纪念诸葛亮的专祠,后与惠陵、汉昭烈庙合并,成为君臣合祀祠庙,是巴蜀名人纪念性园林的杰出代表。采用文献梳理以及实地调研的方式,重点对成都武侯祠的空间布局、建筑序列、植物配置三方面的设计手法进行了分析,指出了该园具有主从突出均衡对称的建筑布局、融入诗情的植物景观、多样与统一相融的整体布局等园林艺术特色,并提出了在后续传承中要因地制宜、主题统一、注重场所精神与文人意境营造等建议。

Design of single-phased magnesium alloys with typically high solubility rare earth elements for biomedical applications:Concept and proof

Rare earth elements(REEs)have been long applied in magnesium alloys,among which the mischmetal-containing WE43 alloy has already got the CE mark approval for clinical application.A considerable amount of REEs(7 wt%)is needed in that multi-phased alloy to achieve a good combination of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.However,the high complex RE addition accompanied with multiple second phases may bring the concern of biological hazards.Single-phased Mg-RE alloys with simpler compositions were proposed to improve the overall performance,i.e.,“Simpler alloy,better performance”.The single-phased microstructure can be successfully obtained with typical high-solubility REEs(Ho,Er or Lu)through traditional smelting,casting and extrusion in a wide compositional range.A good corrosion resistance with a macroscopically uniform corrosion mode was guaranteed by the homogeneously single-phased microstructure.The bimodal-grained structure with plenty of sub-grain microstructures allow us to minimize the RE addition to<1 wt%,without losing mechanical properties.The single-phased Mg-RE alloys show comparable mechanical properties to the clinically-proven Mg-based implants.They exhibited similar in-vitro and in-vivo performances(without local or systematic toxicity in SD-rats)compared to a high purity magnesium.In addition,metal elements in our single-phased alloys can be gradually excreted through the urinary system and digestive system,showing no consistent accumulation of RE in main organs,i.e.,less burden on organs.The novel concept in this study focuses on the simplification of Mg-RE based alloys for biomedical purpose,and other biodegradable metals with single-phased microstructures are expected to be explored.

聚合物限域和预有序熔体的结晶行为及结构调控

高分子物理领域的挑战性难题之一是调控高分子的结晶行为.高分子结构具有多尺度的特点,且易受到各种本征因素以及加工过程中引入的外场与受限作用的影响.高分子的结晶过程复杂多变,为避免最终产品性能的良莠不齐,促进高分子材料的实际生产和应用,需要建立高分子结构与性能的直接关系并实现对高分子结晶结构的精细化调控.本文以几种典型高分子为例,重点阐述了我们课题组在有关薄膜和纳米孔道构筑的限域空间与分子链预有序熔体对高分子结晶行为的影响、相关结晶结构调控机制以及结构-性能关系等方面的研究工作,阐明了聚合物多层次结构调控领域存在的科学问题,并展望了其未来发展方向.

A telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of watermelon and its mutation library provide important resources for gene discovery and breeding

Watermelon,Citrullus lanatus,is the world's third largest fruit crop.Reference genomes with gaps and a narrow genetic base hinder functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.Here,we report the assembly of a telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome of the elite watermelon inbred line G42 by incorporating high-coverage and accurate long-read sequencing data with multiple assembly strategies.All 11 chromosomes have been assembled into single-contig pseudomolecules without gaps,representing the highest completeness and assembly quality to date.The G42 reference genome is 369321829 bp in length and contains 24205 predicted protein-coding genes,with all 22 telomeres and 11 centromeres characterized.Furthermore,we established a pollen-EMS mutagenesis protocol and obtained over 200000M1 seeds from G42.In a sampling pool,48 monogenic phenotypic mutations,selected from 223M1and 78 M2 mutants with morphological changes,were confirmed.The average mutation density was 1 SNP/1.69Mband1 indel/4.55 Mb per M1 plant and 1SNP/1.08Mb and 1 indel/6.25 Mb per M2 plant.Taking advantage of the gap-free G42 genome,8039 mutations from 32 plants sampled from M1 and M2 families were identified with 100%accuracy,whereas only 25% of the randomly selected mutations identified using the 97103v2 reference genome could be confirmed.Using this library and the gap-free genome,two genes responsible for elongated fruit shape and male sterility(CiMs1)were identified,both caused by a single basechange from G to A.The validated gap-free genome and its EMS mutation library provide invaluable resources for functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals widespread monoallelic gene expression in individual rice mesophyll cells

Monoallelic gene expression refers to the phenomenon that all transcripts of a gene in a cell are expressed from only one of the two alleles in a diploid organism. Although monoallelic gene expression has been occasionally reported with bulk transcriptome analysis in plants, how prevalent it is in individual plant cells remains unknown. Here, we developed a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in rice and investigated allelic expression patterns in mesophyll cells of indica(93-11) and japonica(Nipponbare) inbred lines, as well as their F1 reciprocal hybrids. We observed pervasive monoallelic gene expression in individual mesophyll cells, which could be largely explained by stochastic and independent transcription of two alleles. By contrast, two mechanisms that were proposed previously based on bulk transcriptome analyses, parent-oforigin effects and allelic repression, were not well supported by our data. Furthermore, monoallelically expressed genes exhibited a number of characteristics, such as lower expression levels, narrower H3K4me3/H3K9ac/H3K27me3 peaks, and larger expression divergences between 93-11 and Nipponbare. Taken together, the development of a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in this study offers us an excellent opportunity to investigate the origins and prevalence of monoallelic gene expression in plant cells.

IL-33 drives the antitumor effects of dendritic cells via the induction of Tc9 cells

Dendritic cell(DC)tumor vaccines exert their antitumor effects through the induction of effector T cells.We recently identified Tc9 cells as a new potent antitumor effector T cell subset.However,approaches to direct DCs to preferably prime antitumor Tc9 cells should be further exploited.Here,we demonstrate that the addition of interleukin(IL)-33 potently promotes the induction of Tc9 cells by DCs in vitro and in vivo.IL-33 treatment also drives the cytotoxic activities of DC-induced Tc9 cells.Notably,IL-33 treatment enhances cell survival and proliferation of DC-primed CD8+T cells.More importantly,the addition of IL-33 during in vitro priming of tumor-specific Tc9 cells by DCs increases the antitumor capability of Tc9 cells.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IL-33 treatment inhibits exhaustive CD8+T cell differentiation by inhibiting PD-1 and 2B4 expression and increasing IL-2 and CD127(IL-7 receptor-α,IL-7Rα)expression in CD8+T cells.Finally,the addition of IL-33 further promotes the therapeutic efficacy of DC-based tumor vaccines in the OT-I mouse model.Our study demonstrates the important role of IL-33 in DC-induced Tc9 cell differentiation and antitumor immunity and may have important clinical implications.

Regulators of alternative polyadenylation operate at the transition from mitosis to meiosis

In the sexually reproductive organisms, gametes are produced by meiosis following a limited mitotic amplification. However, the intrinsic program switching cells from mitotic to meiotic cycle is unclear.Alternative polyadenylation（APA） is a highly conserved means of gene regulation and is achieved by the RNA 30-processing machinery to generate diverse 30 UTR profiles. In Drosophila spermatogenesis, we observed distinct profiles of transcriptome-wide 30 UTR between mitotic and meiotic cells. In mutant germ cells stuck in mitosis, 30 UTRs of hundreds of genes were consistently shifted. Remarkably, altering the levels of multiple 30-processing factors disrupted germline＇s progression to meiosis, indicative of APA＇s active role in this transition. An RNA-binding protein（RBP） Tut could directly bind 30 UTRs of 30-processing factors whose expressions were repressed in the presence of Tut-containing complex. Further,we demonstrated that this RBP complex could execute the repression post-transcriptionally by recruiting CCR4/Twin of deadenylation complex. Thus, we propose that an RBP complex regulates the dynamic APA profile to promote the mitosis-to-meiosis transition.

The Effect of Substrate on the Properties of Non-volatile Ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE)/P3HT Memory Devices

Ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)(P(VDF-TrFE))/semiconducting poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT)blend systems have drawn great attention with their potential use for electronic applications,particularly non-volatile memory devices.It is essential to grasp a full understanding of the crystallization habits of the two polymers on different substrates for purposeful control of the structures of the blend and therefore the properties of the devices.Here,the effects of structure and morphology of the blend films generated at different substrate surfaces on the ferroelectric and switching properties of related devices are reported.It is identified that P(VDF-TrFE)/P3HT blend films prepared on graphene substrate show not only an obvious optimization in the ferroelectric behavior of P(VDF-TrFE),but also an enhancement of the charge transport within P3HT domains.By employing sandwich structure constructed by silver electrode and P3HT/P(VDF-TrFE)blend film on graphene substrate,high-performance ferroelectric memory devices have been obtained,which exhibit a great electrical switching behavior with high ON/OFF ratio of about 1000 and low coercive voltage of approximately 5 V.These findings provide useful guidance for fabricating highperformance ferroelectric memory devices.

四组份不同频率连续变量纠缠态光场的产生

量子纠缠态是开展量子信息工作的核心资源。提出在一块光学超晶格中通过有注入信号的非简并光学参量振荡级联一个和频过程,可以产生不同频率的四组份连续变量纠缠态光场的可行实验方案。首先泵浦光和注入信号光通过差频过程产生闲置光。然后泵浦光和闲置光在同一块光学超晶格中通过级联和频过程产生和频光。根据多组份连续变量纠缠的判定方法,从理论上证明泵浦光、信号光、闲置光与和频光场之间的量子纠缠特性。四组份纠缠特性随泵浦功率的增大而减弱,另外选取较大的注入信号功率、级联非线性过程的耦合参数和泵浦光衰减常数可以得到较好的四组份纠缠光场。该实验方案只用到一块光学超晶格就可以产生四色连续变量纠缠态光场,实验装置简单。

Erratum to “The Effect of Substrate on the Properties of Non-volatile Ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE)/P3HT Memory Devices”

We are sorry for the misuploading of Fig.1(a)as Fig.2(b),which makes Fig.2(b)the same as Fig.1(a).The correct Fig.2(b)is presented below.It should be noted that the replacement of Fig.2(b)does not influence the discussion and conclusion.

Adaptive Fitting Capacity Prediction Method for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream power source for electric vehicles because of their excellent performance.However,lithium-ion batteries still experience aging and capacity attenuation during usage.It is therefore critical to accu-rately predict battery remaining capacity for increasing battery safety and prolonging battery life.This paper first adopts the metabolism grey algorithm and a simplified electrochemical model to predict battery capacity under different operating conditions.To improve the prediction performance where the capacity changes nonlinearly,a decoupling analysis of battery capacity loss is then conducted based on the simplified electrochemical model.Finally,an adaptive fitting method is devel-oped for capacity prediction,aiming at improving the prediction accuracy at the inflection point of battery capacity diving.The prediction results indicate that the developed adaptive fitting method can achieve high prediction accuracy under battery capacity attenuation at different discharge stages with errors lower than 2.2%.And the battery capacity decay shows linear variation,and the proposed method effectively forecast the inflection point of battery capacity diving.

酒（英文）

Jiu(酒),it’s as blurry as you’d think小小酿酒坛中的大学问The character酒(jiu)is an umbrella term that refers to all members of the alcohol family.Add in a prefix,and you have the specific kind of alcohol,such as wine(葡萄酒putaojiu),beer(啤酒pijiu)and cocktails(鸡尾酒jiweijiu).酒is also distinguished by color,such as黄酒(huangiiu,yellow rice wine)and红酒(hongjiu,red wine),short

兽（英文）

Killer bees,sharks and vipers are certainly terrifying for some,but none of them are worthy of the title'most dangerous animal';for that,we need only look in the mirror.As humanity expands and eats its way into the future,perhaps it’s time for us to examine our relationship with other species,and there’s no better place to start than the very beginning.