Effective vaccination in duces memory T cells,which protect the host against pathogen re-infecti ons.Therefore,detection of memory T cells is essential for evaluating vaccine efficacy,which was originally dependent on...Effective vaccination in duces memory T cells,which protect the host against pathogen re-infecti ons.Therefore,detection of memory T cells is essential for evaluating vaccine efficacy,which was originally dependent on cytokine induction assays.Currently,two isoforms of CD45 tyrosine phosphatase,CD45RO expression and CD45RA exclusion(CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)) are used extensively for detecting memory T cells in cattle.The CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-) markers were first established in humans around three decades ago,and were adopted in cattle soon after.However,in the last two decades,some published data in humans have challenged the initial paradigm,and required multiple markers for identifying memoryT cells.On the contrary,memoryT cell detection in cattle still mostly relies on CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)despite some con troversial evidence.In this review,we summarized the current literature to exami ne if CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)are valid markers for detecting memoryT cells in cattle.It seems CD45RA and CD45RO(CD45RA/RO)as markers for identifyi ng bovine memoryT cells are questi on able.展开更多
基金supported by USDA NIFA Grant 2016-67015-24948(to ZX)Grant 2019-67015-29831(to ZX)+1 种基金the Jorgensen Foundation(to ZX)MAES program in University of Maryland(to ZX).
文摘Effective vaccination in duces memory T cells,which protect the host against pathogen re-infecti ons.Therefore,detection of memory T cells is essential for evaluating vaccine efficacy,which was originally dependent on cytokine induction assays.Currently,two isoforms of CD45 tyrosine phosphatase,CD45RO expression and CD45RA exclusion(CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)) are used extensively for detecting memory T cells in cattle.The CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-) markers were first established in humans around three decades ago,and were adopted in cattle soon after.However,in the last two decades,some published data in humans have challenged the initial paradigm,and required multiple markers for identifying memoryT cells.On the contrary,memoryT cell detection in cattle still mostly relies on CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)despite some con troversial evidence.In this review,we summarized the current literature to exami ne if CD45RO^(+)/CD45RA^(-)are valid markers for detecting memoryT cells in cattle.It seems CD45RA and CD45RO(CD45RA/RO)as markers for identifyi ng bovine memoryT cells are questi on able.
