Viral vector transfection systems are among the simplest of biological agents with the ability to transfer genes into the central nervous system. In brain research, a series of powerful and novel gene editing technolo...Viral vector transfection systems are among the simplest of biological agents with the ability to transfer genes into the central nervous system. In brain research, a series of powerful and novel gene editing technologies are based on these systems. Although many viral vectors are used in rodents, their full application has been limited in non-human primates. To identify viral vectors that can stably and effectively express exogenous genes within non- human primates, eleven commonly used recombinant adeno-associated viral and lentiviral vectors, each carrying a gene to express green or red fluorescence, were injected into the parietal cortex of four rhesus monkeys. The expression of fluorescent cells was used to quantify transfection efficiency. Histological results revealed that recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors, especially the serotype 2/9 coupled with the cytomegalovirus, human synapsin I, or Ca2~/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II promoters, and lentiviral vector coupled with the human ubiquitin C promoter, induced higher expression of fluorescent cells, representing high transfection efficiency. This is the first comparison of transfection efficiencies of different viral vectors carrying different promoters and serotypes in non-human primates （NHPs）. These results can be used as an aid to select optimal vectors to transfer exogenous genes into the central nervous system of non-human primates.展开更多
A scheme is proposed to generate genuine tripartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)steering in cascaded nonlinear process of the fourth-harmonic generation.The second-harmonic is generated by the first double-frequency p...A scheme is proposed to generate genuine tripartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)steering in cascaded nonlinear process of the fourth-harmonic generation.The second-harmonic is generated by the first double-frequency process in an optical superlattice.Then,the fourth-harmonic is produced by the second cascaded double-frequency process through quasi-phase-matching technique in the same optical superlattice.The genuine tripartite EPR steering among the pump,the second-harmonic,and the fourth-harmonic beams can be obtained by this cascaded nonlinear process according to a criterion for genuine multipartite quantum steering.The quantum steering properties are discussed by adjusting the parameters related to the cascaded nonlinear system.The present research provides a reference scheme and data for obtaining good multipartite EPR steering in experiment and can advance the applications of quantum steering in the quantum information processing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Programs 2015CB755605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471312)
文摘Viral vector transfection systems are among the simplest of biological agents with the ability to transfer genes into the central nervous system. In brain research, a series of powerful and novel gene editing technologies are based on these systems. Although many viral vectors are used in rodents, their full application has been limited in non-human primates. To identify viral vectors that can stably and effectively express exogenous genes within non- human primates, eleven commonly used recombinant adeno-associated viral and lentiviral vectors, each carrying a gene to express green or red fluorescence, were injected into the parietal cortex of four rhesus monkeys. The expression of fluorescent cells was used to quantify transfection efficiency. Histological results revealed that recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors, especially the serotype 2/9 coupled with the cytomegalovirus, human synapsin I, or Ca2~/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II promoters, and lentiviral vector coupled with the human ubiquitin C promoter, induced higher expression of fluorescent cells, representing high transfection efficiency. This is the first comparison of transfection efficiencies of different viral vectors carrying different promoters and serotypes in non-human primates （NHPs）. These results can be used as an aid to select optimal vectors to transfer exogenous genes into the central nervous system of non-human primates.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61975184,91636108,and 61775043)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LY18A040007)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant Nos.19062151-Y and 18062145-Y)the Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.ZJOFM-2019-002).
文摘A scheme is proposed to generate genuine tripartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)steering in cascaded nonlinear process of the fourth-harmonic generation.The second-harmonic is generated by the first double-frequency process in an optical superlattice.Then,the fourth-harmonic is produced by the second cascaded double-frequency process through quasi-phase-matching technique in the same optical superlattice.The genuine tripartite EPR steering among the pump,the second-harmonic,and the fourth-harmonic beams can be obtained by this cascaded nonlinear process according to a criterion for genuine multipartite quantum steering.The quantum steering properties are discussed by adjusting the parameters related to the cascaded nonlinear system.The present research provides a reference scheme and data for obtaining good multipartite EPR steering in experiment and can advance the applications of quantum steering in the quantum information processing.
