Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become a curative choice of many hematopoietic malignancy,but graft-vs-host disease(GVHD)has limited the survival quality and overall survival of hematopoietic stem cell tra...Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become a curative choice of many hematopoietic malignancy,but graft-vs-host disease(GVHD)has limited the survival quality and overall survival of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Understanding of the immune cells’reaction in pathophysiology of GVHD has improved,but a review on the role of macrophages in GVHD is still absent.Studies have observed that macrophage infiltration is associated with GVHD occurrence and development.In this review,we summarize and analyze the role of macrophages in GVHD based on pathophysiology of acute and chronic GVHD,focusing on the macrophage recruitment and infiltration,macrophage polarization,macrophage secretion,and especially interaction of macrophages with other immune cells.We could conclude that macrophage recruitment and infiltration contribute to both acute and chronic GVHD.Based on distinguishing pathology of acute and chronic GVHD,macrophages tend to show a higher M1/M2 ratio in acute GVHD and a lower M1/M2 ratio in chronic GVHD.However,the influence of dominant cytokines in GVHD is controversial and inconsistent with macrophage polarization.In addition,interaction of macrophages with alloreactive T cells plays an important role in acute GVHD.Meanwhile,the interaction among macrophages,B cells,fibroblasts,and CD4+T cells participates in chronic GVHD development.展开更多
An update on the climate norms each decade is recommended by the World Meteorological Organization(WMO)partly to keep pace with conditions as climate changes over time.In accordance with such update,this study documen...An update on the climate norms each decade is recommended by the World Meteorological Organization(WMO)partly to keep pace with conditions as climate changes over time.In accordance with such update,this study documents the features of the new climate normal defined for 1991-2020 and its impacts on climate monitoring and prediction in China.With on-site observation and model prediction datasets,our analysis reveals that the new normal of national average precipitation of China during winter and summer is respectively 3.0 and 10.8 mm higher than that of the period 1981-2010.As a result,precipitation observations during 1961-2020 consistently fall below the new normal.The adjustment of thresholds for precipitation extremes with new climate normals results in a decrease of extreme precipitation occurrence by 0.2-0.8 d on average over the winter and summer seasons during 1961-2020.Meanwhile,the application of new climate normals induces more pronounced negative temperature anomalies across most areas of China.The adjustments of extreme temperature thresholds have led to an increased occurrence of extremely cold days by 1-2 d on average over 1961-2020,while the frequency of extremely hot days decreases by more than 1.4 d.Furthermore,it is implied that with the development of global warming,the baselines for temperature and precipitation are rising.The application of the new climate normal may result in the omission of relative threshold based extreme events,promoting increased focus on climate risk reduction studies.Additionally,the average anomaly sign consistency rates(Pcs)of precipitation and temperature anomaly predictions,relative to the new normal and produced by the Beijing Climate Center,are consistently lower than those relative to the old normal.This decrease in Pcs implies new challenges for climate prediction,especially for temperature prediction.展开更多
Background:There were few studies on real-world data about autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT)or allogeneic HSCT(allo-HSCT)in peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL).This study aimed to investigate ...Background:There were few studies on real-world data about autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT)or allogeneic HSCT(allo-HSCT)in peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL).This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who received auto-HSCT or allo-HSCT in China.Methods:From July 2007 to June 2017,a total of 128 patients who received auto-HSCT(n=72)or allo-HSCT(n=56)at eight medical centers across China were included in this study.We retrospectively collected their demographic and clinical data and compared the clinical outcomes between groups.Results:Patients receiving allo-HSCT were more likely to be diagnosed with stage III or IV disease(95%vs.82%,P=0.027),bone marrow involvement(42%vs.15%,P=0.001),chemotherapy-resistant disease(41%vs.8%,P=0.001),and progression disease(32%vs.4%,P<0.001)at transplantation than those receiving auto-HSCT.With a median follow-up of 30(2–143)months,3-year overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)in the auto-HSCT group were 70%(48/63)and 59%(42/63),respectively.Three-year OS and PFS for allo-HSCT recipients were 46%(27/54)and 44%(29/54),respectively.There was no difference in relapse rate(34%[17/63]in auto-HSCT vs.29%[15/54]in allo-HSCT,P=0.840).Three-year non-relapse mortality rate in auto-HSCT recipients was 6%(4/63)compared with 27%(14/54)for allo-HSCT recipients(P=0.004).Subanalyses showed that patients with lower prognostic index scores for PTCL(PIT)who received auto-HSCT in an upfront setting had a better outcome than patients with higher PIT scores(3-year OS:85%vs.40%,P=0.003).Patients with complete remission(CR)undergoing auto-HSCT had better survival(3-year OS:88%vs.48%in allo-HSCT,P=0.008).For patients beyond CR,the outcome of patients who received allo-HSCT was similar to that in the atuo-HSCT group(3-year OS:51%vs.46%,P=0.300).Conclusions:Our study provided real-world data about auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT in China.Auto-HSCT seemed to be associated with better survival for patients in good condition(lower PIT score and/or better disease control).For patients possessing unfavorable characteristics,the survival of patients receiving allo-HSCT group was similar to that in the auto-HSCT group.展开更多
基金Supported by Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation,No. 81200400National Social Science Foundation,No. 14CFX031+2 种基金TopNotch Innovative Talents Project and Fujian Project,No. 2016Y9025,No. 2016J06018 and No. 2017I0004Fujian Medical University Teaching Reform Project,No.Y17005Fujian Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Youth Research Project,No. 2017-1-6
文摘Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become a curative choice of many hematopoietic malignancy,but graft-vs-host disease(GVHD)has limited the survival quality and overall survival of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Understanding of the immune cells’reaction in pathophysiology of GVHD has improved,but a review on the role of macrophages in GVHD is still absent.Studies have observed that macrophage infiltration is associated with GVHD occurrence and development.In this review,we summarize and analyze the role of macrophages in GVHD based on pathophysiology of acute and chronic GVHD,focusing on the macrophage recruitment and infiltration,macrophage polarization,macrophage secretion,and especially interaction of macrophages with other immune cells.We could conclude that macrophage recruitment and infiltration contribute to both acute and chronic GVHD.Based on distinguishing pathology of acute and chronic GVHD,macrophages tend to show a higher M1/M2 ratio in acute GVHD and a lower M1/M2 ratio in chronic GVHD.However,the influence of dominant cytokines in GVHD is controversial and inconsistent with macrophage polarization.In addition,interaction of macrophages with alloreactive T cells plays an important role in acute GVHD.Meanwhile,the interaction among macrophages,B cells,fibroblasts,and CD4+T cells participates in chronic GVHD development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project (42130610,42075057,41875100,and 42275050)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0136000)the Innovative Team of the Intelligent Forecast of the Extended Range Important Weather Process (Hebei Meteorological Bureau official letter[2022]14).
文摘An update on the climate norms each decade is recommended by the World Meteorological Organization(WMO)partly to keep pace with conditions as climate changes over time.In accordance with such update,this study documents the features of the new climate normal defined for 1991-2020 and its impacts on climate monitoring and prediction in China.With on-site observation and model prediction datasets,our analysis reveals that the new normal of national average precipitation of China during winter and summer is respectively 3.0 and 10.8 mm higher than that of the period 1981-2010.As a result,precipitation observations during 1961-2020 consistently fall below the new normal.The adjustment of thresholds for precipitation extremes with new climate normals results in a decrease of extreme precipitation occurrence by 0.2-0.8 d on average over the winter and summer seasons during 1961-2020.Meanwhile,the application of new climate normals induces more pronounced negative temperature anomalies across most areas of China.The adjustments of extreme temperature thresholds have led to an increased occurrence of extremely cold days by 1-2 d on average over 1961-2020,while the frequency of extremely hot days decreases by more than 1.4 d.Furthermore,it is implied that with the development of global warming,the baselines for temperature and precipitation are rising.The application of the new climate normal may result in the omission of relative threshold based extreme events,promoting increased focus on climate risk reduction studies.Additionally,the average anomaly sign consistency rates(Pcs)of precipitation and temperature anomaly predictions,relative to the new normal and produced by the Beijing Climate Center,are consistently lower than those relative to the old normal.This decrease in Pcs implies new challenges for climate prediction,especially for temperature prediction.
文摘Background:There were few studies on real-world data about autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT)or allogeneic HSCT(allo-HSCT)in peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL).This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who received auto-HSCT or allo-HSCT in China.Methods:From July 2007 to June 2017,a total of 128 patients who received auto-HSCT(n=72)or allo-HSCT(n=56)at eight medical centers across China were included in this study.We retrospectively collected their demographic and clinical data and compared the clinical outcomes between groups.Results:Patients receiving allo-HSCT were more likely to be diagnosed with stage III or IV disease(95%vs.82%,P=0.027),bone marrow involvement(42%vs.15%,P=0.001),chemotherapy-resistant disease(41%vs.8%,P=0.001),and progression disease(32%vs.4%,P<0.001)at transplantation than those receiving auto-HSCT.With a median follow-up of 30(2–143)months,3-year overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)in the auto-HSCT group were 70%(48/63)and 59%(42/63),respectively.Three-year OS and PFS for allo-HSCT recipients were 46%(27/54)and 44%(29/54),respectively.There was no difference in relapse rate(34%[17/63]in auto-HSCT vs.29%[15/54]in allo-HSCT,P=0.840).Three-year non-relapse mortality rate in auto-HSCT recipients was 6%(4/63)compared with 27%(14/54)for allo-HSCT recipients(P=0.004).Subanalyses showed that patients with lower prognostic index scores for PTCL(PIT)who received auto-HSCT in an upfront setting had a better outcome than patients with higher PIT scores(3-year OS:85%vs.40%,P=0.003).Patients with complete remission(CR)undergoing auto-HSCT had better survival(3-year OS:88%vs.48%in allo-HSCT,P=0.008).For patients beyond CR,the outcome of patients who received allo-HSCT was similar to that in the atuo-HSCT group(3-year OS:51%vs.46%,P=0.300).Conclusions:Our study provided real-world data about auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT in China.Auto-HSCT seemed to be associated with better survival for patients in good condition(lower PIT score and/or better disease control).For patients possessing unfavorable characteristics,the survival of patients receiving allo-HSCT group was similar to that in the auto-HSCT group.
