Crystallographic texture and earing behavior analysis for different second cold reductions of double-reduction tinplate

Since the production of tinplate with non-earing properties is difficult, especially when it is produced via the double-reduction process, the optimal degree of second cold reduction is particularly important for achieving desirable drawing properties. The evolution of texture and the earing propensity of double-reduction tinplate with different extents of second reduction were investigated in this study. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the changes in the microstructure at various extents of reduction. Two common testing methods, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and electron backscatter diffraction, were used to investigate the texture of the specimens, which revealed the effects of deformation percentage on the final texture development and the change in the grain boundary. The earing rate was determined via earing tests involving measurement of the height of any ear. The results obtained from both XRD analyses and earing tests revealed the same ideal value for the second cold reduction on the basis of the relationship between crystallographic texture and the degree of earing.

Commentary: A nearly forgotten class of anti-inflammatory lipid molecules in central nervous system

Lipids are the major components of cells in the central nervous system(CNS) and are essential for the brain development and homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated that impaired lipid metabolism is closely related to neurological diseases among the elderly^(1). Lipidomics can serve us well in identifying and quantifying lipid molecules in cells, tissues, and organisms at the system level. However, finding out biologically meaningful lipids from the massive lipidomics data is not straightforward.

Influence of coating and dew point on hearth roll pickup

Thermal spray coatings have been widely used on hearth rolls in a continuous annealing line to improve steel sheet quality and prolong the roll service life. One of the common defects formed on a working hearth roll is the oxide pickup. The most common cause of the pickup formation is that the active Mn oxide reacts with coating. The potentials of two different coatings, CoCrAlYTa-Al2O3 (No. 1) and CoCrYNi-Y2O3 (No. 2), to duplicate pickups by reacting with Fe and Mn oxides were studied. There are three stages during pickup producing and growing. No. 2 coating effectively reduced the corrosion of Mn oxide. The characterization and modification of the surface oxide formed can be changed with different dew points. The results indicate that the dew point from — 53 to — 10 ℃ can change the depth of Mn oxide, such that an alteration can prevent the first stage and second stage and is good for preventing the pickup growing.

Flexible manufacturing technology of controlling exact bake hardening value in continuous galvanizing line

Flexible manufacturing technology for ultra-low-carbon bake hardening (BH)steels with different solute carbon contents in the range of (6-16)× 10^-4 wt.%was systematically studied.The effects of soaking temperature,cooling rate and aging time on solute carbon content were explored.The bake hardening value in a continuous galvanizing line with an over-aging section was investigated.Optimal manufacturing parameters were calculated using the design of experiment to obtain the best and most flexible process parameters.Results indicate a relationship among carbon content,soaking temperature and cooling rate.When solute carbon is 9 × 10^-6,cooling rate is 50 ℃/s,the soaking temperature is 745 ℃,and BH value is 45 MPa,the requirements of an automobile factory can be met.