After the discovery of fraction quantum Hall states in the 1980s, it became more and more clear that Landau symmetry breaking theory does not describe all possible quantum phases of matter. The new quan- tum phases of...After the discovery of fraction quantum Hall states in the 1980s, it became more and more clear that Landau symmetry breaking theory does not describe all possible quantum phases of matter. The new quan- tum phases of matter were called topologically ordered phases（for gapped cases） or quantum ordered phases （for gapless cases）, which correspond to pat- terns of many-body entanglement. One may won- der： besides quantum Hall systems, are there other systems that realize the new topological/quantum order？展开更多
文摘After the discovery of fraction quantum Hall states in the 1980s, it became more and more clear that Landau symmetry breaking theory does not describe all possible quantum phases of matter. The new quan- tum phases of matter were called topologically ordered phases（for gapped cases） or quantum ordered phases （for gapless cases）, which correspond to pat- terns of many-body entanglement. One may won- der： besides quantum Hall systems, are there other systems that realize the new topological/quantum order？
