Application effect of quality control circle in postoperative functional exercise compliance of breast neoplasms patients:a meta-analysis

Background:Good adherence to post-operative exercise is crucial for long-term exercise intervention programs aimed at improving compliance,motivation for functional exercise,and quality of life among breast cancer patients.This study aims to evaluate the application effect of quality control circles on postoperative functional exercise compliance in breast neoplasm patients.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science and CINAHL databases from their establishment to May 06,2023.Manual search and backtracking of relevant literature were also conducted.The search terms included a combination of subject terms and free words.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software on eligible literature.Results:Initially,517 papers were retrieved,and after removing duplicates 238 papers using NoteExpress software,279 titles and abstracts were reviewed.Subsequently,225 non-compliant papers were excluded,leaving 54 full texts to be read.After excluding 38 non-compliant papers,16 eligible papers were included for Meta-analysis.These papers comprised a total of 1,342 patients(679 in the test group and 663 in the control group).The heterogeneity test using a fixed effects model showed P=0.22 and I2=21%.The Meta-analysis results demonstrated that the implementation of quality control circles alongside usual care significantly improved compliance with postoperative functional exercise in breast cancer patients(odds ratio=6.68,95%confidence interval(4.97,8.98),P<0.00001).Conclusion:Quality control circles activities can effectively enhance compliance with post-operative functional exercise among breast cancer patients,aiding in the recovery of affected limb function,improvement of self-care ability,and early reintegration into society and normal life,thereby enhancing quality of life.It is important to continually accumulate experience in applying relevant quality control circles activities in clinical work and promptly enhance the level of care accordingly,as the functional exercise of breast cancer patients after surgery involves a long-term and gradual improvement process.

Lithium promotes recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury by inducing autophagy

Lithium promotes autophagy and has a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury（SCI）; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of lithium and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine（3-MA） in a rat model of SCI. The rats were randomly assigned to the SCI, lithium, 3-MA and sham groups. In the 3-MA group, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 3-MA（3 mg/kg） 2 hours before SCI. In the lithium and 3-MA groups, rats were intraperitoneally injected with lithium（LiCl; 30 mg/kg） 6 hours after SCI and thereafter once daily until sacrifice. At 2, 3 and 4 weeks after SCI, neurological function and diffusion tensor imaging indicators were remarkably improved in the lithium group compared with the SCI and 3-MA groups. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale score and fractional anisotropy values were increased, and the apparent diffusion coefficient value was decreased. Immunohistochemical staining showed that immunoreactivities for Beclin-1 and light-chain 3 B peaked 1 day after SCI in the lithium and SCI groups. Immunoreactivities for Beclin-1 and light-chain 3 B were weaker in the 3-MA group than in the SCI group, indicating that 3-MA inhibits lithium-induced autophagy. Furthermore, NeuN＋ neurons were more numerous in the lithium group than in the SCI and 3-MA groups, with the fewest in the latter. Our findings show that lithium reduces neuronal damage after acute SCI and promotes neurological recovery by inducing autophagy. The neuroprotective mechanism of action may not be entirely dependent on the enhancement of autophagy, and furthermore, 3-MA might not completely inhibit all autophagy pathways.

Feasibility of 3.0 T diffusion-weighted nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of functional recovery of rats with complete spinal cord injury

Diffusion tensor imaging is a sensitive way to reflect axonal necrosis and degeneration, glial cell regeneration and demyelination following spinal cord injury, and to display microstructure changes in the spinal cord in vivo. Diffusion tensor imaging technology is a sensitive method to diagnose spinal cord injury; fiber tractography visualizes the white matter fibers, and directly displays the structural integrity and resultant damage of the fiber bundle. At present, diffusion tensor imaging is restricted to brain examinations, and is rarely applied in the evaluation of spinal cord injury. This study aimed to explore the fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging and the feasibility of diffusion tensor tractography in the evaluation of complete spinal cord injury in rats. The results showed that the average combined scores were obviously decreased after spinal cord transection in rats, and then began to increase over time. The fractional anisotropy scores after spinal cord transection in rats were significantly lower than those in normal rats （P 〈 0.05）; the apparent diffusion coefficient was significantly increased compared with the normal group （P 〈 0.05）. Following spinal cord transection, fractional anisotropy scores were negatively correlated with apparent diffusion coefficient values （r = -0.856, P 〈 0.01）, and positively correlated with the average combined scores （r = 0.943, P 〈 0.01）, while apparent diffusion coefficient values had a negative correlation with the average combined scores （r = -0.949, P 〈 0.01）. Experimental findings suggest that, as a non-invasive examination, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging can provide qualita- tive and quantitative information about spinal cord injury. The fractional anisotropy score and apparent diffusion coefficient have a good correlation with the average combined scores, which reflect functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

Effect of sevoflurane on tissue permeability of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Objective:To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on tissue permeability of lung ischemiareperfusion injury(LIRI)in rats.Methods:A total of 45 wistar rats were randomly divided into3 groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.Modified Eppinger method was adopted to establish the rat lung ischemiareperfusion injury model.GroupⅠserved as the control group,groupⅡas ischemia reperfusion group,groupⅢas sevoflurane ischemia-reperfusion group.Blood gas index,lung permeability index(LPI)change,lung tissue pathology change and lung water content were observed and compared between groups of rats at different time points.Results:During ischemia reperfusion,all rats kept balance of the MAP during different time points,SPO_2 of groupⅡandⅢdecreased significantly thanⅠgroup(P<0.05);after reperfusion lung permeability index in GroupⅡandⅢwas higher than the control group significantly(P<0.05),120 min after reperfusion LPI change and iujury of groupⅢwas significantly lower thanⅡgroup(P<0.05);interstitial and alveolar cavity effusion in of groupⅢwere lower than that of groupⅡ.Conclusions:Sevoflurane pretreatment can reduce the lung tissue permeability,and LIRI plays a protective role in LIRI.

Fast pulse sampling module for real-time neutron–gamma discrimination

An adaptable and compact fast pulse sampling module was developed for the neutron–gamma discrimination. The developed module is well suited for low-cost and low-power consumption applications. It is based on the Domino Ring Sampler 4(DRS4) chip, which offers fast sampling speeds up to 5.12 giga samples per second(GSPS) to digitize pulses from front-end detectors. The high-resolution GSPS data is useful for obtaining precise real-time neutron–gamma discrimination results directly in this module. In this study, we have implemented real-time data analysis in a field programmable gate array. Real-time data analysis involves two aspects: digital waveform integral and digital pulse shape discrimination(PSD). It can significantly reduce the system dead time and data rate processed offline. Plastic scintillators(EJ-299-33), which have proven capable of PSD, were adopted as neutron detectors in the experiments. A photomultiplier tube(PMT)(model #XP2020) was coupled to one end of a detector to collect the output light from it. The pulse output from the anode of the PMT was directly passed onto the fast sampling module. The fast pulse sampling module was operated at 1 GSPS and 2 GSPS in these experiments, and the AmBe-241 source was used to examine the neutron–gamma discrimination quality. The PSD results with different sampling rates and energy thresholds were evaluated. The figure of merit(FOM) was used to describe the neutron–gamma discrimination quality. The best FOM value of 0.91 was obtained at 2 GSPS and 1 GSPS sampling rates with an energy threshold of 1.5 MeV_(ee)(electron equivalent).

Feasibility of hyperspectral analysis for discrimination of rabbit liver VX2 tumor

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Currently, the most accurate diagnosis imaging modality for hepatocellular carcinoma is enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. However, it is still difficult to distinguish cirrhosis lesions, and novel diagnosis modalities are still needed.AIM To investigate the feasibility of hyperspectral analysis for discrimination of rabbit liver VX2 tumor.METHODS In this study, a rabbit liver VX2 tumor model was established. After laparotomy,under direct view, VX2 tumor tissue and normal liver tissue were subjected to hyperspectral analysis.RESULTS The spectral signature of the liver tumor was clearly distinguishable from that of the normal tissue, simply from the original spectral curves. Specifically, two absorption peaks at 600-900 nm wavelength in normal tissue disappeared but a new reflection peak appeared in the tumor. The average optical reflection at the whole waveband of 400-1800 nm in liver tumor was higher than that of the normal tissue.CONCLUSION Hyperspectral analysis can differentiate rabbit VX2 tumors. Further research will continue to perform hyperspectral imaging to obtain more information for differentiation of liver cancer from normal tissue.

Simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for large hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common cancer and a leading cause of tumor-related death.Patients with large HCC(≥8 cm)are at an advanced stage and have poor prognosis,and hepatic resection may not be suitable,and the incidence of postoperative recurrence is high.AIM To evaluate recurrence and mid-term survival of patients with large HCC treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA).METHODS This was a retrospective study.From 2010 to 2013,46 consecutive patients with large HCC were treated with simultaneous TACE and RFA.Thirty-five of 46 patients had a single tumor.Progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were analyzed at 2 years and 3 years,respectively.RESULTS Forty-six patients treated by simultaneous TACE and RFA had no significant complications and treatment was successful.After 3 years,median PFS and OS were 10.21±1.58 mo and 26.44±2.26 mo,retrospectively.The survival rate was 67.5%after 2 years and 55.67%after 3 years.CONCLUSION These preliminary data show that simultaneous TACE and RFA are safe and effective for large HCC.

A new species of Triplophysa(Cypriniformes,Nemacheilidae) from Weihe River in Gansu Province, China

DEAR EDITOR,A new species of Tibetan loach,Triplophysa weiheensis sp.nov.,is described from the Weihe River in Gansu Province,China,based on morphological and molecular analyses.The new species can be distinguished from all known congeners by a unique combination of the following characters:scaleless;snout abruptly sloping downward,anterior to anterior nostril;lower jaw crescentic,not sharp;body without obvious mottling;lateral line interrupted on posterior trunk at pelvic-fin distal extremity.

平台纵摇对漂浮式风电机组叶片气弹特性的影响研究

海上风电向深远海发展,漂浮式风电机组成为发展方向。漂浮式风电机组存在多自由度平台运动,同时伴随海上多变的风况,叶片的气动特性和结构响应非常复杂。本文基于自由涡尾迹法与模态法建立了漂浮式风电机组叶片气弹模型,对NREL 5MW风电机组叶片的气弹特性进行了模拟,与采用BEM和GDW方法的计算结果进行对比。在对比验证的基础上,采用耦合模型研究了平台纵摇运动下NREL 5MW风电机组叶片气弹特性,结果表明,本文建立的耦合模拟方法可以准确地模拟平台运动下的气动性能与结构动态响应;平台运动会显著增加叶片气动性能的波动,平均功率明显增大,平均推力略有降低;平台运动使叶片表面等效应力发生波动,叶尖变形增大,中内叶展较外叶展更容易受到平台运动的影响。

基于等效建模的风电机组增功技改快速评估方法研究

针对当前风电机组增功技改中存在获取建模参数困难,所建模型精确度不高的问题,提出一种基于等效建模的风电机组增功技改的快速评估方法。采用基于SCADA数据概率统计方法,建立了风电机组控制参数模型;基于翼型数据库与叶素动量理论,建立了叶片基本几何模型,采用优化算法,以风电机组特性曲线为目标进行模型优化。利用NREL5MW风电机组对等效建模方法进行验证,得出功率与推力曲线吻合很好。对某2MW风电机组进行等效建模,在等效模型的基础上研究了叶尖加长方法,并对加长的效果进行了气动评估,结果表明通过SCADA数据获取的参数能更好地符合实际机组的运行情况,等效模型能准确模拟出原模型的气动特性,叶尖加长后能显著提高风电机组的年发电量,具有较好的经济效益,是解决风电机组发电效率低、经济效益差的有效方法。

Death-associated protein kinase 1 is associated with cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder

We previously showed that death-associated protein kinase 1(DAPK1)expression is increased in hippocampal tissue in a mouse model of major depressive disorde and is related to cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.In addition,depression is a risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease,as well as an early clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease.Meanwhile,cognitive dysfunction is a distinctive feature of major depressive disorder.Therefore,DAPK1 may be related to cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder.In this study,we established a mouse model of major depressive disorder by housing mice individually and exposing them to chronic,mild,unpredictable stressors.We found that DAPK1 and tau protein levels were increased in the hippocampal CA3 area,and tau was hyperphosphorylated at Thr231,Ser262,and Ser396 in these mice.Furthermore,DAPK1 shifted from axonal expression to overexpression on the cell membrane.Exercise and treatment with the antidepressant drug citalopram decreased DAPK1 expression and tau protein phosphorylation in hippocampal tissue and improved both depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction.These results indicate that DAPK1 may be a potential reason and therapeutic target of cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder.

TGF-β通过Lnc-ATB促进食管癌细胞侵袭转移的机制研究

目的探讨转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)对食管癌细胞侵袭转移的影响及其作用机制。方法将食管癌细胞加入TGF-β后,通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测食管癌细胞EC9706中被TGF-β活化的长链非编码RNA(Lnc-ATB)的表达情况,通过Transwell实验检测TGF-β对EC9706细胞侵袭转移的影响;沉默EC9706细胞中Lnc-ATB的表达,给予或不给予TGF-β刺激,利用Transwell实验检测EC9706细胞侵袭转移的情况。结果Lnc-ATB-siRNA组Lnc-ATB较Lnc-ATB-NC组低(P<0.05),Lnc-ATB siRNA可有效沉默EC9706细胞中Lnc-ATB的表达。TGF-β组TGF-β处理后EC9706细胞的侵袭和转移细胞数均高于对照组(P<0.05)。TGF-β+Lnc-ATB-NC组TGF-β通过Lnc-ATB上调EC9706细胞侵袭及转移能力高于其他组(P<0.05);空白组细胞侵袭能力高于TGF-β+Lnc-ATB-siRNA组和Lnc-ATB-siRNA组(P<0.05)。结论食管癌中TGF-β通过上调Lnc-ATB的表达,促进细胞的侵袭及转移。

儿童气管支气管异物CT三维检查中的辐射防护

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)摆位方法、扫描范围及低剂量扫描技术在儿童气管支气管异物检查辐射防护中的应用。方法选取2016年3月-2017年9月西安交通大学第二附属医院收治的临床怀疑为气管、支气管异物的儿童患者80例,随机分为两组。对照组采用常规MSCT(管电压:120 kV,管电流:80 mA,扫描范围为喉部至膈上)检查,实验组采用低剂量MSCT(管电压:100 kV,管电流:30 mA,扫描部位为会厌部至膈上,去除扫描头架)检查。所有检查结果与支气管镜检结果进行对比分析。结果与对照组比较,实验组CT剂量指数(CTDI)与剂量长度乘积(DLP)均降低(P<0.05),实验组辐射剂量仅为对照组的60%。两组图像质量均为优良。与支气管镜结果比较,实验组的诊断符合率为100%,对照组为95%。结论采用低剂量MSCT,检查时去除扫描头架,扫描范围自会厌部至膈上,不但可以降低儿童受照射的辐射剂量,而且可以提高儿童气管支气管异物的诊断率。

结直肠癌差异基因筛选及功能预测

目的基于美国癌症肿瘤基因图谱(TCGA)数据库分析结直肠癌组织及正常组织的差异表达基因,并探讨其相关分子机制。方法从TCGA数据库下载所有结直肠癌中mRNA转录组数据。共包含样本740例,其中,结直肠癌组织为571例,正常组织为169例。在R语言环境下,采用edge R工具包处理数据,得到差异表达基因。利用DAVID数据库对差异表达的前1000个基因进行GO分析及KEGG通路富集分析。对显著差异表达的前200个差异表达基因进行分析,基于Cysctoscape绘制蛋白互作网络图。比较关键基因在癌组织及正常组织中的表达水平。以关键基因的中位表达水平为界值,将关键基因分为高表达组与低表达组,比较高表达组与低表达组的生存情况。结果共筛选出5073个差异表达基因,其中,上调基因2136个,下调基因2937个。GO分析结果显示,其生物过程主要在细胞增殖、转运、rRNA加工、受体介导的内吞作用等功能富集。KEGG富集分析结果表明,差异表达基因的信号通路主要有细胞周期、转录失调、胆汁分泌、甲状腺激素信号通路、血小板活化等信号通路。筛选出的前7位关键基因为PLK1、BRD4、EHMT2、HIST2H4B、PRPF19、SUV39H1、TRIM28。进一步分析显示,癌组织中PLK1、PRPF19、SUV39H1表达均高于正常组织(P<0.05)。从生存分析曲线可知,PLK1和SUV39H1高表达组总生存时间与低表达组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HIST2H4B低表达组总生存时间高于HIST2H4B高表达组(P<0.05)。结论基于TCGA数据库分析出PLK1在结直肠癌组织中高表达,其参与细胞增殖、有丝分裂细胞周期的G2/M转换等生物过程,通过P53信号通路发挥作用,在结直肠癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,有望成为诊断结直肠癌的肿瘤标志物。

腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术中保留尿控和性功能的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜下腹膜外途径改良前列腺癌根治术对患者术后尿控及性功能的影响。方法回顾性分析该院2014年1月-2017年9月收治的53例局限性前列腺癌患者的资料,其中行腹腔镜下改良前列腺癌根治术29例,行腹腔镜下常规前列腺癌根治术24例,比较两种方法的手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、术后尿控及性功能恢复情况等。结果两组患者在手术时间、切缘阳性率和住院时间等方面均无明显差异(P>0.05),改良组术中失血量及术后引流量均较常规组少(P <0.05),改良组术后第1、3和6个月尿控及勃起功能恢复情况均优于常规组(P <0.05)。结论改良腹腔镜下腹膜外途径前列腺癌根治术可有效保留局限性前列腺癌患者的术后尿控及勃起功能。

超声乳化联合房角分离治疗白内障合并急性闭角型青光眼

目的:分析白内障超声乳化联合房角分离治疗白内障合并急性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析本院收治的45例48眼白内障合并急性闭角型青光眼患者,根据治疗方式分为两组,28例30眼予以白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术者为研究组;17例18眼予以白内障超声乳化术联合小梁切除者为对照组。统计两组患者手术前后的视力、眼压、房角关闭程度、中央前房深度和并发症。结果:术前1d,两组患者的最佳矫正视力和房角关闭程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后7d,1、3、6、12mo,两组患者最佳矫正视力均优于术前1d,且研究组优于对照组,两组房角关闭程度均小于术前,且研究组小于对照组(P<0.05)。组别与时间对患者眼压和前房深度均有影响(P<0.05),且两因素之间无交互作用(P>0.05)。组内对比:术后7d～12mo,两组患者眼压均低于术前1d,术后3、6、12mo研究组眼压低于术后7d(P<0.05),对照组眼压与术后7d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后7d,1、3、6、12mo,两组患者中央前房深度均高于术前1d;术后3、6、12mo,研究组中央前房深度与术后7d相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组中央前房深度术后12mo明显低于术后7d(P<0.05)。组间对比:术前1d和术后7d,1、3、6mo,两组患者眼压差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后12mo,研究组眼压低于对照组(P<0.05);术前1d,两组患者中央前房深度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3、6、12mo研究组中央前房深度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:白内障超声乳化联合房角分离治疗急性闭角型青光眼疗效确切,中远期疗效尤为突出,且不增加安全风险。

Diffusion tensor imaging of optic nerve and optic radiation in primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma using 3T magnetic resonance imaging

AIM: To evaluate the value of quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in assessing the axonal and myelin damage of the optic nerves and optic radiations in patients with chronic primary angle -closure glaucoma (PACG) by using high -field magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (3T). METHODS: Twenty patients with bilateral chronic PACG and twenty age - and sex matched disease -free control subjects were enrolled. Conventional MRI and DTI were performed on all subjects using 3T MR scanner. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivities (AD) and radial diffusivities (RD) of each optic nerve and each optic radiation were measured by using post -processing software of DTI studio 2.3, and then compared between left eyes and right eyes and between patients group and control group. The pairedsample t- test were used. RESULTS: There was no abnormality in the shape and signal intensity of the optic nerves and optic radiations in patients group and control group on the conventional MRI. No significant differences were observed in the FA, MD, AD and RD between the right and left optic nerves and optic radiations within patients group and control group (P>0.05). The optic nerves and optic radiations of patients with chronic PACG, as compared with control subjects, had significantly higher MD, AD, RD and significantly lower FA (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The diffusivity of optic nerves and optic radiations in chronic PACG group showed abnormal and diffusivity parameters could be used markers of axonal and myelin injury in glaucoma.

Effects of calcium compounds on the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate

Effects of calcium compounds on the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate(VTC) were investigated. It was found that calcium compounds had great effects on the metallization rate of the reduction product, the order of the metallization rate of reduction product being CaCO3 > no additive > CaSO4 > CaCl2, which indicated that the addition of CaCO3 was more conducive to promoting the reduction of iron than other calcium compounds. Gas analysis showed that there were mainly two processes in the carbothermic reduction of VTC, a solid–solid and a solid–gas reaction. The concentrations of CO and CO2 were highest when CaCO3 was added, while that in a roasting system decreased the most when CaCl2 was added. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis showed that calcium compounds could change the reduction process of ilmenite in VTC. The phase compositions of the reduction products were changed from metallic iron(Fe) and anosovite(FeTi2O5) to metallic iron(Fe) and perovekite(CaTiO3) when calcium compounds were added. Additionally, CaSO4 and CaCl2 could significantly promote the growth of metallic iron particles, though the existence of Fe-bearing Mg2TiO4 in reduction products was not conducive to the reduction of iron. The formation of FeS would further hinder the reduction of iron after adding CaSO4.

Effect of additives on iron recovery and dephosphorization by reduction roasting-magnetic separation of refractory high-phosphorus iron ore

The effect of CaCO_(3),Na_(2)CO_(3),and CaF_(2) on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe_(3)PO_(7) and apatite was investigated.The results revealed that Na_(2)CO_(3) had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization,followed by CaCO_(3),the effect of CaF_(2) was negligible.The mechanisms of CaCO_(3),Na_(2)CO_(3),and CaF_(2) were investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS).Without additives,Fe_(3)PO_(7) was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron-phosphorus alloy with metallic iron.The addition of CaCO_(3) reacted with Fe_(3)PO_(7) to generate an enormous amount of Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and promoted the reduction of iron oxides.However,the growth of iron particles was inhibited.With the addition of Na_(2)CO_(3),the phosphorus in Fe_(3)PO_(7) migrated to nepheline and Na_(2)CO_(3) improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles.Therefore,the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best.In contrast,CaF_(2) reacted with Fe_(3)PO_(7) to form fine Ca_(3)(PO_(4))2 particles scattered around the iron particles,making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult.

Formation of calcium titanate in the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate by adding CaCO3

The formation of calcium titanate in the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate(VTC)by adding CaCO3 was investigated.Thermodynamic analysis was employed to show the feasibility of calcium titanate formation by the reaction of ilmenite and Ca CO3 in a reductive atmosphere,where ilmenite is more easily reduced by CO or carbon in the presence of CaCO3.The effects of CaCO3 dosage and reduction temperature on the phase transformation and metallization degree were also investigated in an actual roasting test.Appropriate increase of CaCO3 dosages and reduction temperatures were found to be conducive to the formation of calcium titanate,and the optimum conditions were a CaCO3 dosage of 18 wt%and a reduction temperature of 1400°C.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM–EDS)analysis shows that calcium titanate produced via the carbothermic reduction of VTC by CaCO3 addition was of higher purity with particle size approximately 50μm.Hence,the separation of calcium titanate and metallic iron will be the focus in the future study.