BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is commonly used to study human brain function by measuring the hemodynamic signals originating from cortical activation and provides a new noninvasive detection ...BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is commonly used to study human brain function by measuring the hemodynamic signals originating from cortical activation and provides a new noninvasive detection method for identifying dementia.AIM To investigate the fNIRS imaging technique and its clinical application in differential diagnosis of subtype dementias including frontotemporal lobe dementia,Lewy body dementia,Parkinson’s disease dementia(PDD)and Alzheimer’s disease(AD).METHODS Four patients with different types of dementia were examined with fNIRS during two tasks and a resting state.We adopted the verbal fluency task,working memory task and resting state task.Each patient was compared on the same task.We conducted and analyzed the fNIRS data using a general linear model and Pearson’s correlation analysis.RESULTS Compared with other types of dementias,fNIRS showed the left frontotemporal and prefrontal lobes to be poorly activated during the verbal fluency task in frontotemporal dementia.In Lewy body dementia,severe asymmetry of prefrontal lobes appeared during both verbal fluency and working memory tasks,and the patient had low functional connectivity during a resting state.In PDD,the patient’s prefrontal cortex showed lower excitability than the temporal lobe during the verbal fluency task,while the prefrontal cortex showed higher excitability during the working memory task.The patient with AD showed poor prefrontal and temporal activation during the working memory task,and more activation of frontopolar instead of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.CONCLUSION Different hemodynamic characteristics of four types of dementia(as seen by fNIRS imaging)provides evidence that fNIRS can serve as a potential tool for the diagnosis between dementia subtypes.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Plasma exchange(PE)-centered artificial liver support system reduced the high mortality rate of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).But the data were diverse in different med...BACKGROUND:Plasma exchange(PE)-centered artificial liver support system reduced the high mortality rate of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).But the data were diverse in different medical centers.The present prospective nationwide study was to evaluate the effects of PE on patients with HBV-ACLF at different stages.METHODS:From December 2009 to December 2011,we evaluated 250 patients at different stages of HBV-ACLF from 10 major medical centers in China.All the laboratory parameters were collected at admission,before and after PE.RESULTS:Among the 250 patients who underwent 661 rounds of PE,one-month survival rate was 61.6%; 141(56.4%) showed improvement after PE.Variables such as age(P=0.000),levels of total bilirubin(TB,P=0.000),direct bilirubin(P=0.000),total triglycerides(P=0.000),low-density lipoprotein(P=0.022),Na+(P=0.014),Cl–(P=0.038),creatinine(Cr,P=0.007),fibrinogen(P=0.000),prothrombin time(PT,P=0.000),white blood cell(P=0.000),platelet(P=0.003) and MELD(P=0.000) were significantly related to prognosis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,disease stage,TB,Cr and PT levels were independent risk factors of mortality among HBV-ACLF patients.CONCLUSIONS:PE can improve the clinical outcome of patients with HBV-ACLF.Levels of TB,Cr and PT,age and disease stage help to predict prognosis.展开更多
Background The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach has been frequently applied to compute the fractional flow reserve(FFR)using computed tomography angiography(CTA).This technique is efficient.We developed the D...Background The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach has been frequently applied to compute the fractional flow reserve(FFR)using computed tomography angiography(CTA).This technique is efficient.We developed the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value out of CTA images in five minutes.This study is to evaluate the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value from CTA images as an efficient method.Methods A single-center,prospective study was conducted and 63 patients were enrolled for the evaluation of the diagnostic performance of DEEPVESSEL-FFR.Automatic quantification method for the three-dimensional coronary arterial geometry and the deep learning based prediction of FFR were developed to assess the ischemic risk of the stenotic coronary arteries.Diagnostic performance of the DEEPVESSEL-FFR was assessed by using wire-based FFR as reference standard.The primary evaluation factor was defined by using the area under receiver-operation characteristics curve(AUC)analysis.Results For per-patient level,taking the cut-off value<0.8 referring to the FFR measurement,DEEPVESSEL-FFR presented higher diagnostic performance in determining ischemia-related lesions with area under the curve of 0.928 compare to CTA stenotic severity 0.664.DEEPVESSEL-FFR correlated with FFR(R=0.686,P<0.001),with a mean di&ference of-0.006士0.0091(P=0.619).The secondary evaluation factors,indicating per vessel accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were 87.3%,97.14%,75%,82.93%,and 95.45%,respectively.Conclusion DEEPVESSEL-FFR is a novel method that allows efficient assessment of the functional significance of coronary stenosis.展开更多
Wound ostomy continence nurses(WOC nurses),developed as an important part of clinical nurse specialists play an indispensable role in the management of ostomy,all kinds of chronic wounds and incontinent dermatitis.How...Wound ostomy continence nurses(WOC nurses),developed as an important part of clinical nurse specialists play an indispensable role in the management of ostomy,all kinds of chronic wounds and incontinent dermatitis.However,there exists a gap compared with developed countries and regions.This paper provides an overview of WOC nurses in China including origin and development,training and accreditation system,roles,values and management,in order to provide references for the development of WOC nurses in China.展开更多
Introduction:Breast cancer is a leading tumor with a high mortality in women.This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012.Methods:The ...Introduction:Breast cancer is a leading tumor with a high mortality in women.This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012.Methods:The data on breast cancer incidence were obtained from the Shenzhen Cancer Registry System.To describe the temporal trend,the average annual percentage change(AAPC) was analyzed using a pinpoint regression model.Spatial autocorrelation and a retrospective spatio-temporal scan approach were used to detect the spatio-temporal cluster distribution of breast cancer cases.Results:Breast cancer ranked first among different types of cancer in women in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012 with a crude incidence of 20.0/100,000 population.The age-standardized rate according to the world standard population was 21.1/100,000 in 2012,with an AAPC of 11.3%.The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a spatial correlation characterized by the presence of a hotspot in south-central Shenzhen,which included the eastern part of Luohu District(Donghu and Liantang Streets) and Yantian District(Shatoujiao,Haishan,and Yantian Streets).Five spatio-temporal cluster areas were detected between 2010 and 2012,one of which was a Class 1 cluster located in southwestern Shenzhen in 2010,which included Yuehai,Nantou,Shahe,Shekou,and Nanshan Streets in Nanshan District with an incidence of 54.1/100,000 and a relative risk of 2.41;the other four were Class 2 clusters located in Yantian,Luohu,Futian,and Longhua Districts with a relative risk ranging from 1.70 to 3.25.Conclusions:This study revealed the spatio-temporal cluster pattern for the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen,which will be useful for a better allocation of health resources in Shenzhen.展开更多
Objective: To find out an optimal condition for isola-tion and primary culture of hepatocytes.Method: Rat hepatocytes were isolated by a two-stepcollagenase perfusion, and cultured in hepatozyme-SFM. The reduction of ...Objective: To find out an optimal condition for isola-tion and primary culture of hepatocytes.Method: Rat hepatocytes were isolated by a two-stepcollagenase perfusion, and cultured in hepatozyme-SFM. The reduction of MTT to formazan salt was ex-amined. Supernatant medium was collected for analy-sis of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and ureagene-sis.Results: The two-step collagenase perfusion yielded39±12×10~6 cells/g liver tissue with a viability of88%±2%. Fine morphology and stable urea synthesisfor one week could be achieved when hepatocytes werecultured in Hepatozyme-SFM.Conclusion: High yield of hepatocytes can be isolatedwith two-step collagenese perfusion. Hepatozyme-SFM is suitable for sustained growth of hepatocytes.展开更多
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that micro RNA-204(mi R-204) is involved in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the value of mi R-204 as the predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disea...Background Previous studies have demonstrated that micro RNA-204(mi R-204) is involved in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the value of mi R-204 as the predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease(CVD) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between the circulating mi R-204 level and ten-year CVD risk based on the Framingham risk score(FRS). Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 194 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) without CVD in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2015 and September 2016. We used the FRS to evaluate the risk of CVD for each patient. Circulating mi R-204 levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Circulating mi R-204 levels were significantly lower in the group of patients(0.49 ± 0.13) at high risk of CVD(FRS > 20%) than in the low(FRS < 10%) and intermediate(FRS: 10%–20%) risk groups(0.87 ± 0.19 and 0.75 ± 0.25, respectively;P < 0.001). FRS was negatively correlated with mi R-204 levels(r =-0.421, P < 0.001). According to multivariate logistic analyses, reduced mi R-204 level was independently associated with an increased risk of CVD after adjusting for conventional risk factors(OR = 0.876, 95% CI: 0.807–0.950, P = 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the circulating mi R-204 level can predict the high risk of CVD with higher specificity than the traditional risk factor of high systolic blood pressure or the protective factor of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that patients with lower circulating mi R-204 levels were at high risk for CVD. After adjustment for potential confounders, mi R-204 was independently associated with CVD in patients with T2DM.展开更多
Due to the high elevation, complex terrain, severe weather, and inaccessibility, direct meteorological observations do not exist over large portions of the Tibetan Plateau, especially the western part of it. Satellite...Due to the high elevation, complex terrain, severe weather, and inaccessibility, direct meteorological observations do not exist over large portions of the Tibetan Plateau, especially the western part of it. Satellite rainfall estimates have been very important sources for precipitation information, particularly in rain gauge-sparse regions. In this study, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA) products 3B42, RTV5V6, and RTV7 were evaluated for their applicability to the upper Yellow and Yangtze River basins on the Tibetan Plateau. Moreover, the capability of the TMPA products to simulate streamflow was also investigated using the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC) semi-distributed hydrological model. Results show that 3B42 performs better than RTV5V6 and RTV7, based on verification of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA) observational precipitation data. RTV5V6 can roughly capture the spatial precipitation pattern but overestimation exists throughout the entire study region. The anticipated improvements of RTV7 relative to RTV5V6 have not been realized in this study. Our results suggest that RTV7 significantly overestimates the precipitation over the two river basins, though it can capture the seasonal cycle features of precipitation. 3B42 shows the best performance in streamflow simulation of the abovementioned satellite products. Although involved in gauge adjustment at a monthly scale, 3B42 is capable of daily streamflow simulation. RTV5V6 and RTV7 have no capability to simulate streamflow in the upper Yellow and Yangtze River basins.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression and function of chernokine receptor CXCR2 and CXCR7in the rat with acute leukemia.Methods:Flow cytometry and RT-PCR were used to detect the CXCR2,CXCR7 expression on the bone ma...Objective:To investigate the expression and function of chernokine receptor CXCR2 and CXCR7in the rat with acute leukemia.Methods:Flow cytometry and RT-PCR were used to detect the CXCR2,CXCR7 expression on the bone marrow cell surface of the acute leukemia group and the control group.Results:The bone marrow cell surface CXCR2,CXCR7 relative fluorescence intensity of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The CXCR7 expression of the extramedullary infiltration group was significantly higher than nonextramedullary infiltration group(P<0.05).The CXCR2,CXCR7mRNA median expression level of the observation group was higher than the control group.The CXCR2 expression and CXCR7expression of the observation group was positively correlated,and the correlation coefficient was0.782(P<0.01).CondiBions:The chernokine receptor CXCR2 and CXCR7 are highly expressed in acute leukemia,which may be associated with the occurrence of leukemia.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 popul...Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 populations were selected randomly from the three floristic zones of Yunnan. Adult plants and infructescences were chosen randomly to gain flower number and fructification percentage per inflorescence, and seed number per fruit. All date was analyzed by SPSS (13.0 version). Results: As A. tsaoko was distributed (or transplanted) from a habitat at lower latitude and/or altitude to a site of higher latitude and/or altitude, the flower number per inflorescence increased, on the contrary, the fructification percentage per inflorescence decreased. The competition for reproductive resource was beneficial to increase flower number and seed production. Conclusions: The habitats in south of the tropic of cancer were favorable to the reproduction of A. tsaoko, which reproductive costs were lower and harvest was higher. Increasing flower number per inflorescence may be a strategy to promote the plant to distribute into alpine habitats for both female and male reproductive success.展开更多
BACKGROUND Triglyceride(TG)and its related metabolic indices,all recognized as surrogates of insulin resistance,have been demonstrated to be relevant to clinical prognosis.However,the relative value of these TG-relate...BACKGROUND Triglyceride(TG)and its related metabolic indices,all recognized as surrogates of insulin resistance,have been demonstrated to be relevant to clinical prognosis.However,the relative value of these TG-related indices for predicting cardiovascular events among patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)has not been examined.METHODS The TG,the triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index,the atherogenic index of plasma,TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,and the lipoprotein combine index were assessed in 1694 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),which was the composite of all-cause mortality,stroke,myocardial infarction,or unplanned repeat revascularization.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 31 months,345 patients(20.4%)had MACE.The risk of the MACE was increased with higher TG and the four TG-derived metabolic indices[TG-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003;TyG index-adjusted HR=1.736,95%CI:1.398-2.156;atherogenic index of plasma-adjusted HR=2.513,95%CI:1.562-4.043;TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio-adjusted HR=1.148,95%CI:1.048-1.258;and lipoprotein combine index-adjusted HR=1.009,95%CI:1.004-1.014;P<0.001 for all indices].TG and all the four indices significantly improved the predictive ability for MACE in addition to the baseline model.Among them,TyG index showed the best ability for predicting MACE compared with the other three indices from all the three measurements(P<0.05 for all comparison).CONCLUSIONS TG and TG-derived metabolic indices were all strongly associated with MACE among ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Among all the indices,TyG index showed the best ability to predict the risk of MACE.展开更多
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration(PCD),which is rare in clinical practice,is closely related to autoimmunity.Cases positive for anti-Yo antibodies(anti-Purkinje cytoplasmic antibody 1)are the main subtype of PCD....Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration(PCD),which is rare in clinical practice,is closely related to autoimmunity.Cases positive for anti-Yo antibodies(anti-Purkinje cytoplasmic antibody 1)are the main subtype of PCD.PCD is subacute cerebellar degeneration,and while it progresses over weeks to months,its resultant deficits last much longer.Cancer patients with anti-Yo antibody-positive PCD are very rare.Most of them are breast cancer or ovarian cancer patients but also occasionally lung cancer patients.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman presented with sudden vertigo,nausea,and vomiting for approximately 10 d.The patient's neurological examination showed torsion with downbeat nystagmus and ataxia of the right limb and trunk.Laboratory examination found that the patient's cerebrospinal fluid and serum were anti-Yo antibody-positive,positron emission tomography computed tomography showed an increased metabolic rate in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes,and the pathology of lymph node punctures in the retroperitoneum and neck suggested adenocarcinoma of the pancreaticobiliary duct,which strengthens the hypothesis of paraneoplastic origin.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIg)0.4 g/kg/d for 5 d and methylprednisolone 160 mg for 3 d were initiated,which was reduced to 80 mg for 3 d and then to 40 mg for 7 d.After treatment with IVIg and a steroid,the patient's vertigo and ataxia alleviated.CONCLUSION The patient's vertigo and ataxia alleviated after treatment,suggesting that early immunotherapeutic intervention may have certain value in stopping neurological loss.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effects of quercetin on central neurons against chronic high glucose in central neurons,in relation to Nrf2/ARE/Glo-1 activation.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were cultured with hi...OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effects of quercetin on central neurons against chronic high glucose in central neurons,in relation to Nrf2/ARE/Glo-1 activation.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were cultured with high glucose(HG,70 mmol·L^(-1)),4-fold of the normal glucose(17.5 mmol·L^(-1)).Quercetin was set three concentrations(5,10,20μmol·L^(-1)),with Nrf2 activator sulforaphane(SFN)as a positive group(2.5μmol·L^(-1)).After 72 h,cells were collected for glyoxalase 1(Glo-1)activity and GSH level were by spectrophotometry;advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)as well as nuclear Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 levels by immunofluorescence;Glo-1,γ-glutamycysteine synthase(γ-GCS),Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 protein levels by Western blotting,and Glo-1 andγ-GCS m RNA levels by real-time qP CR.RESULTS Quercetin increased the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells,and upregulated the levels of Glo-1 activity,protein,and m RNA in SH-SY5Y cells cultured with HG,accompanied by the elevated levels of glutathione,a cofactor of Glo-1 activity,and the reduced levels of AGEs.Meanwhile,quercetin could increase p-Nrf2 and Nrf2 levels in nucleus as well as p-Nrf2 levels in cytosol of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to chronic HG,accompanied by the elevated protein expression and m RNA levels ofγ-GCS,a known target gene of Nrf2/ARE signaling.Moreover,a PKC activator or a p38MAPK inhibitor pretreatment could significantly increase the protein expression ofγ-GCS in HG condition,but an alkylating agent for sulfydryl of cysteine in Keap 1,a negative regulator of Nrf2,pretreatment only showed an increased tendency ofγ-GCS protein,compared with without pretreatment;however,after pretreatment with those tool drugs,co-treatment with quercetin and HG had similar results to those of single tool drug pretreatment followed by HG exposure.CONCLUSION Firstly,quercetin can enhance Glo-1 function in central neurons,which is mediated by activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway,then exerts the neuroprotection against HG induced damage;moreover,PKC and p38 MAPK pathways may be involved in Nrf2 inactivation in chronic HG condition.展开更多
The classical Navier–Stokes equation(NSE)is the fundamental partial differential equation that describes the flow of fluids,but in certain cases,like high local density and temperature gradient,it is inconsistent wit...The classical Navier–Stokes equation(NSE)is the fundamental partial differential equation that describes the flow of fluids,but in certain cases,like high local density and temperature gradient,it is inconsistent with the experimental results.Some extended Navier–Stokes equations with diffusion terms taken into consideration have been proposed.However,a consensus conclusion on the specific expression of the additional diffusion term has not been reached in the academic circle.The models adopt the form of the generalized Newtonian constitutive relation by substituting the convection velocity with a new term,or by using some analogy.In this study,a new constitutive relation for momentum transport and a momentum balance equation are obtained based on the molecular kinetic theory.The new constitutive relation preserves the symmetry of the deviation stress,and the momentum balance equation satisfies Galilean invariance.The results show that for Poiseuille flow in a circular micro-tube,self-diffusion in micro-flow needs considering even if the local density gradient is very low.展开更多
基金the Ningbo Medical and Health Leading Academic Discipline Project,No.2022-F28Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Project,No.2021KY1066Ningbo City Public Welfare Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2022S025。
文摘BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is commonly used to study human brain function by measuring the hemodynamic signals originating from cortical activation and provides a new noninvasive detection method for identifying dementia.AIM To investigate the fNIRS imaging technique and its clinical application in differential diagnosis of subtype dementias including frontotemporal lobe dementia,Lewy body dementia,Parkinson’s disease dementia(PDD)and Alzheimer’s disease(AD).METHODS Four patients with different types of dementia were examined with fNIRS during two tasks and a resting state.We adopted the verbal fluency task,working memory task and resting state task.Each patient was compared on the same task.We conducted and analyzed the fNIRS data using a general linear model and Pearson’s correlation analysis.RESULTS Compared with other types of dementias,fNIRS showed the left frontotemporal and prefrontal lobes to be poorly activated during the verbal fluency task in frontotemporal dementia.In Lewy body dementia,severe asymmetry of prefrontal lobes appeared during both verbal fluency and working memory tasks,and the patient had low functional connectivity during a resting state.In PDD,the patient’s prefrontal cortex showed lower excitability than the temporal lobe during the verbal fluency task,while the prefrontal cortex showed higher excitability during the working memory task.The patient with AD showed poor prefrontal and temporal activation during the working memory task,and more activation of frontopolar instead of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.CONCLUSION Different hemodynamic characteristics of four types of dementia(as seen by fNIRS imaging)provides evidence that fNIRS can serve as a potential tool for the diagnosis between dementia subtypes.
基金supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Major Project(2012ZX10002004)Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(Y201328037)the opening foundation of the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine(2015KF04)
文摘BACKGROUND:Plasma exchange(PE)-centered artificial liver support system reduced the high mortality rate of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).But the data were diverse in different medical centers.The present prospective nationwide study was to evaluate the effects of PE on patients with HBV-ACLF at different stages.METHODS:From December 2009 to December 2011,we evaluated 250 patients at different stages of HBV-ACLF from 10 major medical centers in China.All the laboratory parameters were collected at admission,before and after PE.RESULTS:Among the 250 patients who underwent 661 rounds of PE,one-month survival rate was 61.6%; 141(56.4%) showed improvement after PE.Variables such as age(P=0.000),levels of total bilirubin(TB,P=0.000),direct bilirubin(P=0.000),total triglycerides(P=0.000),low-density lipoprotein(P=0.022),Na+(P=0.014),Cl–(P=0.038),creatinine(Cr,P=0.007),fibrinogen(P=0.000),prothrombin time(PT,P=0.000),white blood cell(P=0.000),platelet(P=0.003) and MELD(P=0.000) were significantly related to prognosis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,disease stage,TB,Cr and PT levels were independent risk factors of mortality among HBV-ACLF patients.CONCLUSIONS:PE can improve the clinical outcome of patients with HBV-ACLF.Levels of TB,Cr and PT,age and disease stage help to predict prognosis.
文摘Background The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach has been frequently applied to compute the fractional flow reserve(FFR)using computed tomography angiography(CTA).This technique is efficient.We developed the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value out of CTA images in five minutes.This study is to evaluate the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value from CTA images as an efficient method.Methods A single-center,prospective study was conducted and 63 patients were enrolled for the evaluation of the diagnostic performance of DEEPVESSEL-FFR.Automatic quantification method for the three-dimensional coronary arterial geometry and the deep learning based prediction of FFR were developed to assess the ischemic risk of the stenotic coronary arteries.Diagnostic performance of the DEEPVESSEL-FFR was assessed by using wire-based FFR as reference standard.The primary evaluation factor was defined by using the area under receiver-operation characteristics curve(AUC)analysis.Results For per-patient level,taking the cut-off value<0.8 referring to the FFR measurement,DEEPVESSEL-FFR presented higher diagnostic performance in determining ischemia-related lesions with area under the curve of 0.928 compare to CTA stenotic severity 0.664.DEEPVESSEL-FFR correlated with FFR(R=0.686,P<0.001),with a mean di&ference of-0.006士0.0091(P=0.619).The secondary evaluation factors,indicating per vessel accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were 87.3%,97.14%,75%,82.93%,and 95.45%,respectively.Conclusion DEEPVESSEL-FFR is a novel method that allows efficient assessment of the functional significance of coronary stenosis.
文摘Wound ostomy continence nurses(WOC nurses),developed as an important part of clinical nurse specialists play an indispensable role in the management of ostomy,all kinds of chronic wounds and incontinent dermatitis.However,there exists a gap compared with developed countries and regions.This paper provides an overview of WOC nurses in China including origin and development,training and accreditation system,roles,values and management,in order to provide references for the development of WOC nurses in China.
文摘Introduction:Breast cancer is a leading tumor with a high mortality in women.This study examined the spatio-temporal distribution of the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012.Methods:The data on breast cancer incidence were obtained from the Shenzhen Cancer Registry System.To describe the temporal trend,the average annual percentage change(AAPC) was analyzed using a pinpoint regression model.Spatial autocorrelation and a retrospective spatio-temporal scan approach were used to detect the spatio-temporal cluster distribution of breast cancer cases.Results:Breast cancer ranked first among different types of cancer in women in Shenzhen between 2007 and 2012 with a crude incidence of 20.0/100,000 population.The age-standardized rate according to the world standard population was 21.1/100,000 in 2012,with an AAPC of 11.3%.The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a spatial correlation characterized by the presence of a hotspot in south-central Shenzhen,which included the eastern part of Luohu District(Donghu and Liantang Streets) and Yantian District(Shatoujiao,Haishan,and Yantian Streets).Five spatio-temporal cluster areas were detected between 2010 and 2012,one of which was a Class 1 cluster located in southwestern Shenzhen in 2010,which included Yuehai,Nantou,Shahe,Shekou,and Nanshan Streets in Nanshan District with an incidence of 54.1/100,000 and a relative risk of 2.41;the other four were Class 2 clusters located in Yantian,Luohu,Futian,and Longhua Districts with a relative risk ranging from 1.70 to 3.25.Conclusions:This study revealed the spatio-temporal cluster pattern for the incidence of female breast cancer in Shenzhen,which will be useful for a better allocation of health resources in Shenzhen.
文摘Objective: To find out an optimal condition for isola-tion and primary culture of hepatocytes.Method: Rat hepatocytes were isolated by a two-stepcollagenase perfusion, and cultured in hepatozyme-SFM. The reduction of MTT to formazan salt was ex-amined. Supernatant medium was collected for analy-sis of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and ureagene-sis.Results: The two-step collagenase perfusion yielded39±12×10~6 cells/g liver tissue with a viability of88%±2%. Fine morphology and stable urea synthesisfor one week could be achieved when hepatocytes werecultured in Hepatozyme-SFM.Conclusion: High yield of hepatocytes can be isolatedwith two-step collagenese perfusion. Hepatozyme-SFM is suitable for sustained growth of hepatocytes.
基金the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (No. 81573744 & No. 81973841)。
文摘Background Previous studies have demonstrated that micro RNA-204(mi R-204) is involved in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the value of mi R-204 as the predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease(CVD) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between the circulating mi R-204 level and ten-year CVD risk based on the Framingham risk score(FRS). Methods In this retrospective study, we enrolled 194 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) without CVD in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2015 and September 2016. We used the FRS to evaluate the risk of CVD for each patient. Circulating mi R-204 levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Circulating mi R-204 levels were significantly lower in the group of patients(0.49 ± 0.13) at high risk of CVD(FRS > 20%) than in the low(FRS < 10%) and intermediate(FRS: 10%–20%) risk groups(0.87 ± 0.19 and 0.75 ± 0.25, respectively;P < 0.001). FRS was negatively correlated with mi R-204 levels(r =-0.421, P < 0.001). According to multivariate logistic analyses, reduced mi R-204 level was independently associated with an increased risk of CVD after adjusting for conventional risk factors(OR = 0.876, 95% CI: 0.807–0.950, P = 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the circulating mi R-204 level can predict the high risk of CVD with higher specificity than the traditional risk factor of high systolic blood pressure or the protective factor of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that patients with lower circulating mi R-204 levels were at high risk for CVD. After adjustment for potential confounders, mi R-204 was independently associated with CVD in patients with T2DM.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(the 973 Program,Grant No.2010CB951101)the Special Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering of Hohai University(Grant No.1069-50985512)the"Strategic Priority Research Program"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA05110102)
文摘Due to the high elevation, complex terrain, severe weather, and inaccessibility, direct meteorological observations do not exist over large portions of the Tibetan Plateau, especially the western part of it. Satellite rainfall estimates have been very important sources for precipitation information, particularly in rain gauge-sparse regions. In this study, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA) products 3B42, RTV5V6, and RTV7 were evaluated for their applicability to the upper Yellow and Yangtze River basins on the Tibetan Plateau. Moreover, the capability of the TMPA products to simulate streamflow was also investigated using the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC) semi-distributed hydrological model. Results show that 3B42 performs better than RTV5V6 and RTV7, based on verification of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA) observational precipitation data. RTV5V6 can roughly capture the spatial precipitation pattern but overestimation exists throughout the entire study region. The anticipated improvements of RTV7 relative to RTV5V6 have not been realized in this study. Our results suggest that RTV7 significantly overestimates the precipitation over the two river basins, though it can capture the seasonal cycle features of precipitation. 3B42 shows the best performance in streamflow simulation of the abovementioned satellite products. Although involved in gauge adjustment at a monthly scale, 3B42 is capable of daily streamflow simulation. RTV5V6 and RTV7 have no capability to simulate streamflow in the upper Yellow and Yangtze River basins.
基金supported by Guangdong Medical Research Fund(A2009235)
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression and function of chernokine receptor CXCR2 and CXCR7in the rat with acute leukemia.Methods:Flow cytometry and RT-PCR were used to detect the CXCR2,CXCR7 expression on the bone marrow cell surface of the acute leukemia group and the control group.Results:The bone marrow cell surface CXCR2,CXCR7 relative fluorescence intensity of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The CXCR7 expression of the extramedullary infiltration group was significantly higher than nonextramedullary infiltration group(P<0.05).The CXCR2,CXCR7mRNA median expression level of the observation group was higher than the control group.The CXCR2 expression and CXCR7expression of the observation group was positively correlated,and the correlation coefficient was0.782(P<0.01).CondiBions:The chernokine receptor CXCR2 and CXCR7 are highly expressed in acute leukemia,which may be associated with the occurrence of leukemia.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of altitude and latitude on breeding of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a flexistylous ginger, which fruit is used as common materia medica and a food condiment. Methods: The 7 populations were selected randomly from the three floristic zones of Yunnan. Adult plants and infructescences were chosen randomly to gain flower number and fructification percentage per inflorescence, and seed number per fruit. All date was analyzed by SPSS (13.0 version). Results: As A. tsaoko was distributed (or transplanted) from a habitat at lower latitude and/or altitude to a site of higher latitude and/or altitude, the flower number per inflorescence increased, on the contrary, the fructification percentage per inflorescence decreased. The competition for reproductive resource was beneficial to increase flower number and seed production. Conclusions: The habitats in south of the tropic of cancer were favorable to the reproduction of A. tsaoko, which reproductive costs were lower and harvest was higher. Increasing flower number per inflorescence may be a strategy to promote the plant to distribute into alpine habitats for both female and male reproductive success.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC 0908800)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’ Mission Plan (SML20180601)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M692253)the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (2021-ZZ023)the Beijing Municipal Health Commission (Jing 19-15)
文摘BACKGROUND Triglyceride(TG)and its related metabolic indices,all recognized as surrogates of insulin resistance,have been demonstrated to be relevant to clinical prognosis.However,the relative value of these TG-related indices for predicting cardiovascular events among patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)has not been examined.METHODS The TG,the triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index,the atherogenic index of plasma,TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,and the lipoprotein combine index were assessed in 1694 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),which was the composite of all-cause mortality,stroke,myocardial infarction,or unplanned repeat revascularization.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 31 months,345 patients(20.4%)had MACE.The risk of the MACE was increased with higher TG and the four TG-derived metabolic indices[TG-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003;TyG index-adjusted HR=1.736,95%CI:1.398-2.156;atherogenic index of plasma-adjusted HR=2.513,95%CI:1.562-4.043;TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio-adjusted HR=1.148,95%CI:1.048-1.258;and lipoprotein combine index-adjusted HR=1.009,95%CI:1.004-1.014;P<0.001 for all indices].TG and all the four indices significantly improved the predictive ability for MACE in addition to the baseline model.Among them,TyG index showed the best ability for predicting MACE compared with the other three indices from all the three measurements(P<0.05 for all comparison).CONCLUSIONS TG and TG-derived metabolic indices were all strongly associated with MACE among ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Among all the indices,TyG index showed the best ability to predict the risk of MACE.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,No.LQ19H090006Department of Health of Zhejiang Province,No.2019KY260.
文摘Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration(PCD),which is rare in clinical practice,is closely related to autoimmunity.Cases positive for anti-Yo antibodies(anti-Purkinje cytoplasmic antibody 1)are the main subtype of PCD.PCD is subacute cerebellar degeneration,and while it progresses over weeks to months,its resultant deficits last much longer.Cancer patients with anti-Yo antibody-positive PCD are very rare.Most of them are breast cancer or ovarian cancer patients but also occasionally lung cancer patients.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman presented with sudden vertigo,nausea,and vomiting for approximately 10 d.The patient's neurological examination showed torsion with downbeat nystagmus and ataxia of the right limb and trunk.Laboratory examination found that the patient's cerebrospinal fluid and serum were anti-Yo antibody-positive,positron emission tomography computed tomography showed an increased metabolic rate in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes,and the pathology of lymph node punctures in the retroperitoneum and neck suggested adenocarcinoma of the pancreaticobiliary duct,which strengthens the hypothesis of paraneoplastic origin.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIg)0.4 g/kg/d for 5 d and methylprednisolone 160 mg for 3 d were initiated,which was reduced to 80 mg for 3 d and then to 40 mg for 7 d.After treatment with IVIg and a steroid,the patient's vertigo and ataxia alleviated.CONCLUSION The patient's vertigo and ataxia alleviated after treatment,suggesting that early immunotherapeutic intervention may have certain value in stopping neurological loss.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371210)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province(2014)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effects of quercetin on central neurons against chronic high glucose in central neurons,in relation to Nrf2/ARE/Glo-1 activation.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were cultured with high glucose(HG,70 mmol·L^(-1)),4-fold of the normal glucose(17.5 mmol·L^(-1)).Quercetin was set three concentrations(5,10,20μmol·L^(-1)),with Nrf2 activator sulforaphane(SFN)as a positive group(2.5μmol·L^(-1)).After 72 h,cells were collected for glyoxalase 1(Glo-1)activity and GSH level were by spectrophotometry;advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)as well as nuclear Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 levels by immunofluorescence;Glo-1,γ-glutamycysteine synthase(γ-GCS),Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 protein levels by Western blotting,and Glo-1 andγ-GCS m RNA levels by real-time qP CR.RESULTS Quercetin increased the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells,and upregulated the levels of Glo-1 activity,protein,and m RNA in SH-SY5Y cells cultured with HG,accompanied by the elevated levels of glutathione,a cofactor of Glo-1 activity,and the reduced levels of AGEs.Meanwhile,quercetin could increase p-Nrf2 and Nrf2 levels in nucleus as well as p-Nrf2 levels in cytosol of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to chronic HG,accompanied by the elevated protein expression and m RNA levels ofγ-GCS,a known target gene of Nrf2/ARE signaling.Moreover,a PKC activator or a p38MAPK inhibitor pretreatment could significantly increase the protein expression ofγ-GCS in HG condition,but an alkylating agent for sulfydryl of cysteine in Keap 1,a negative regulator of Nrf2,pretreatment only showed an increased tendency ofγ-GCS protein,compared with without pretreatment;however,after pretreatment with those tool drugs,co-treatment with quercetin and HG had similar results to those of single tool drug pretreatment followed by HG exposure.CONCLUSION Firstly,quercetin can enhance Glo-1 function in central neurons,which is mediated by activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway,then exerts the neuroprotection against HG induced damage;moreover,PKC and p38 MAPK pathways may be involved in Nrf2 inactivation in chronic HG condition.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China–Outstanding Youth Foundation(Grant No.51522903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11602276 and 51479094)the Fund from the Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The classical Navier–Stokes equation(NSE)is the fundamental partial differential equation that describes the flow of fluids,but in certain cases,like high local density and temperature gradient,it is inconsistent with the experimental results.Some extended Navier–Stokes equations with diffusion terms taken into consideration have been proposed.However,a consensus conclusion on the specific expression of the additional diffusion term has not been reached in the academic circle.The models adopt the form of the generalized Newtonian constitutive relation by substituting the convection velocity with a new term,or by using some analogy.In this study,a new constitutive relation for momentum transport and a momentum balance equation are obtained based on the molecular kinetic theory.The new constitutive relation preserves the symmetry of the deviation stress,and the momentum balance equation satisfies Galilean invariance.The results show that for Poiseuille flow in a circular micro-tube,self-diffusion in micro-flow needs considering even if the local density gradient is very low.
