慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析前后眼压和脉络膜厚度变化

目的:观察慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析前后眼压和脉络膜厚度的变化,探讨血透对患者眼部供血状态的影响。方法:选取长期在我院进行血透的慢性肾功能衰竭患者55例110眼,于血透前5min及血透后5min抽取静脉血检测血浆渗透压,及在血透前1h与血透后1h测量眼压,采用频域相干光断层扫描仪(OCT)的EDI深度扫描,比较血透前后眼压和脉络膜厚度。结果:慢性肾功能衰竭患者55例110眼血透后的血浆渗透压较血透前降低,差异有统计学意义(t=12.73,P<0.01);眼压较血透前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.07,P<0.05);血透后脉络膜厚度变薄,各测量点(中心凹下、距中心凹鼻侧及颞侧上方及下方1、3mm)与血透前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血透后慢性肾功能衰竭患者眼压升高,脉络膜厚度变薄,将影响眼部供血,提示对维持性血液透析患者透析时应调节渗透压梯度,加强眼部评估及检查,必要时给予相应的处理。

The denitrogenation by breathing oxygen-rich gas to prevent altitude decompression sickness

Objective While the technology of the molecular sieve oxygen generation system(MSOGS) onboard was used,pilots could not breathe pure oxygen to eliminate nitrogen during a high altitude flight.There is no report whether it is a threat to altitude decompression sickness(ADS) or not in that condition.This experiment was intended to observe the effects of breathing different oxygen-rich gases of MSOGS on denitrogenation,so that we could make the medical physiological requirements for MSOGS on-board and provide experimental basis for aeromedical supply.Method Eight healthy males were breathed oxygenrich gases(60%,70%,80%,90%and 99.6%) in turn for 60 min,and the concentration of nitrogen,oxygen,carbon dioxide and argon at the end of expiration interval in the oxygen mask were continuously measured by a flight mass spectrometer through the oxygen mask.According to the variety of the denitrogenation rate by breathing different oxygen-rich gases,its change law was analyzed.Results There were significant differences(P<0.05) about denitrogenation rate in different oxygen-rich gases due to different oxygen concentration and breathing time.The denitrogenation rate of pure oxygen was higher than that of the others.It was indicated that the concentration of nitrogen in lung would decrease along with the increase in oxygen concentration of oxygen-rich gases,and the nitrogen concentration in the lung almost decreased by 50% or even more if people were breathed 60%～90% oxygen-rich gas longer than 60 s.Conclusion The man-made respiration environment of low nitrogen can be provided by breathing oxygen-rich gases,although the denitrogenation velocity of breathing oxygen-rich gases is lower than that of breathing pure oxygen.So it can be used as a measure to eliminate and lower the nitrogen in the body to prevent from ADS.

Analysis of two naval pilots’ ejection injuries: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Recently,two naval pilots in a two-seat trainer jet were forced to eject urgently due to sudden mechanical failure during night-time training.They were both successfully rescued and sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.In this study,we investigate their ejection injuries and recovery process.CASE SUMMARY We analyzed the clinical data of the traumatic condition and recovery process from ejection injuries of two pilots who ejected from a failed trainer jet and survived.After being successfully rescued and sent to the hospital,they were diagnosed with multiple ejection injuries,including eye trauma,limb bone and joint injury,rib and spine injury,and so on.Both cases underwent fluid replacement,acid suppression,nutritional support,hemostasis,bone metabolism improvement,phlegm elimination,psychological measurement,blood circulation promotion and detumescence,physical therapy,and external fixation with braces for 1 mo before being discharged from hospital.They then recuperated in a sanatorium for 2 mo,and the related laboratory tests and supplementary examinations show that they recovered from all the above injuries.After successfully passing the psychological test and physical examination,they returned to flight duty 3 mo after ejection.CONCLUSION The causes and conditions of ejection injury in the pilots were very complex.Although they finally recovered quickly and were released,it also serves as a reminder that attention should be paid to pilots’ejection and parachute training in order to significantly reduce ejection injury and improve the ejection success rate.In addition,air defense support personnel should strengthen search and rescue and on-site emergency measures,and locate and rescue pilots in distress as early as possible to reduce subsequent injuries.

A shape-reconfigurable,light and magnetic dual-responsive shape-memory micropillar array chip for droplet manipulation

Droplet manipulation on an open surface has great potential in chemical analysis and biomedicine engineering.However,most of the reported platforms designed for the manipulation of water droplets cannot thoroughly solve the problem of droplet evaporation.Herein,we report a shape-reconfigurable micropillar array chip for the manipulation of water droplets,oil droplets and water-in-oil droplets.Water-in-oil droplets provide an enclosed space for water droplets,preventing the evaporation in an open environment.Perfluoropolyether coated on the surface of the chip effectively reduces the droplet movement resistance.The micropillar array chip has light and magnetic dual-response due to the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the reduced iron powder mixed in the shape-memory polymer.The micropillars irradiated by a near-infrared laser bend under the magnetic force,while the unirradiated micropillars still keep their original shape.In the absence of a magnetic field,when the micropillars in a temporary shape are irradiated by the near-infrared laser to the transition temperature,the micropillars return to their initial shape.In this process,the surface morphology gradient caused by the deformation of the micropillars and the surface tension gradient caused by the temperature change jointly produce the driving force of droplet movement.

Hydrogenation properties of(V_(0.85)Fe_(0.15))_(100-x)M_(x)-Ce BCC solid solution alloys with M=Cr,Mo,Al

The structure and hydrogenation properties of (V_(0.85)Fe_(0.15))_(100-x)M_(x)-Ce(x=0,1,3,5;at%) alloys with M=Cr,Mo,Al were investigated.All the alloys show the same phase composition consisting of BCC matric and CeO_(2)phases which distribute along the grain boundary.The hydrogen capacities of (V_(0.85)Fe_(0.15))_(100-x)M_(x)-Ce change little with M,and none of them exceeds 2.0 wt%.But the plateau pressure shows remarkable linearly variation with the amount of M and the lattice parameter of BCC matric.The additions of Cr,Mo and A1 raise the plateau,but the linear relation of plateau versus BCC lattice parameter of Mo/Al-added alloys is opposite to that of Cr-added alloys and many other conventional hydrogen storage alloys.The radius of hydrogen site is introduced to explain the inconsistent.The plateau pressure of (V_(0.85)Fe_(0.15))_(100-x)M_(x)-Ce with any kind of M added increases with the contraction of the hydrogen site.The plateau pressure of (V_(0.85)Fe_(0.15))_(100-x)M_(x)-Ce can also be reflected by the stability of hydride which is judged by the enthalpy change during the dehydrogenation.

Thermal storage properties of Mg with synergistic effect of LaNi and TiH_(2)

The effect of LaNi and Ti on thermal storage properties of MgH_(2)was investigated.The thermal storage performances of Mg are significantly improved by adding LaNi and Ti.The pressure-composition-temperature(PCT)curves indicate that the formation enthalpy for Mg-15 wt%Ti-5 wt%LaNi sample is 73.00 kJ·mol^(-1),which approaches to the theoretical values of pure MgH_(2).The isothermal measurement indicates that,for the Mg-15wt%Ti-5 wt%LaNi,the first absorption reaction fraction within 2 min is 93.77%,increasing by 0.32%,0.24%and0.08%compared with those for Mg,Mg-5 wt%LaNi and Mg-15 wt%Ti,respectively.The first desorption reaction fraction within 2 min is 73.18%,increasing by 55.91%,9.79%and 8.12%compared with those for Mg,Mg-5wt%LaNi and Mg-15 wt%Ti,respectively.Moreover,Mg-15 wt%Ti-5 wt%LaNi has the best cyclic stability in all the samples.The thermal storage performances of Mg by adding both LaNi and Ti are improved mainly ascribed to synergistic effect of in situ formed La_(4)H_(12.19),Mg_(2)NiH_(4),H_(0.3)Mg_(2)Ni and TiH_(2)particles during cyclic process.The above analysis demonstrates that Mg-15 wt%Ti-5wt%LaNi is suitable for using as a heat storage material.

Thermal storage properties of Mg-LaNi using as a solar heat storage material

The effect of LaNi on thermal storage properties of MgH2 prepared by ball milling under hydrogen atmosphere was investigated.The thermal storage properties,cyclic property and thermal storage mechanism were studied by pres sure-composition-temperature(PC T),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The Van't Hoff curve indicates that the formation enthalpy of Mg-16 wt%LaNi is 74.62 kJ·mol^(-1),which approaches to the theoretical values of MgH2.The isothermal measurement indicates that Mg-16 wt%LaNi can absorb 6.263 wt%H_(2)within 30 min at 390℃for the first absorption,the absorption reaction fraction within2 min is over 90.00%,and the desorption reaction fraction within 2 min is 72.63%,increasing by 55.36%compared with that of Mg.Mg-16 wt%LaNi has better cyclic stability than that of Mg,only decreasing by 0.609 wt%after 80cycles.The enhancement in thermal storage performances of Mg by adding LaNi is mainly ascribed to the formed Mg_(2)NiH_(4),H_(0.3)Mg_(2)Ni and La_(4)H_(12.19)during the cyclic process which act as catalysts and inhibit the growth of Mg.The above results prove that Mg-16 wt%LaNi is suitable for use as a heat storage material.

^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT integrating indocyanine green-guided salvage lymph node dissection for lymph node metastasis after radical prostatectomy

To efficiently remove all recurrent lymph nodes(rLNs)and minimize complications,we developed a combination approach that consisted of ^(68)Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)ligand positron emission tomography(PET)/computed tomography(CT)and integrated indocyanine green(ICG)-guided salvage lymph node dissection(sLND)for rLNs after radical prostatectomy(RP).Nineteen patients were enrolled to receive such treatment.^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT was used to identify rLNs,and 5 mg of ICG was injected into the space between the rectum and bladder before surgery.Fluorescent laparoscopy was used to perform sLND.While extensive LN dissection was performed at level I,another 5 mg of ICG was injected via the intravenous route to intensify the fluorescent signal,and laparoscopy was introduced to intensively target stained LNs along levels I and II,specifically around suspicious LNs,with ^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT.Next,both lateral peritonea were exposed longitudinally to facilitate the removal of fluorescently stained LNs at levels III and IV.In total,pathological analysis confirmed that 42 nodes were rLNs.Among 145 positive LNs stained with ICG,24 suspicious LNs identified with ^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT were included.The sensitivity and specificity of ^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT for detecting rLNs were 42.9%and 96.6%,respectively.For ICG,the sensitivity was 92.8%and the specificity was 39.1%.At a median follow-up of 15(interquartile range[IQR]:6–31)months,15 patients experienced complete biochemical remission(BR,prostate-specific antigen[PSA]<0.2 ng ml−1),and 4 patients had a decline in the PSA level,but it remained>0.2 ng ml−1.Therefore,^(68)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT integrating ICG-guided sLND provides efficient sLND with few complications for patients with rLNs after RP.

Enhanced compactness and element distribution uniformity of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film by increasing precursor S content

Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films were prepared by cosputtering with Cu(or Cu2S),ZnS and SnS2 targets in this study.S amount in the precursor of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film was verified by using Cu or Cu2S target.The effect of S amount in the precursor on the microstructure and element distribution of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film was discussed.It was found that S content is sufficient in the precursor thin film using Cu2 S instead of Cu target.The microstructure,composition homogeneity,and secondary phase formation of the Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film are seriously affected by S amount in the precursor thin film.Namely,sufficient S can improve the crystallization and orientation of the precursor thin film and enhance the compactness as well as composition homogeneity of the Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film after sulfurization.Moreover,the secondary phase formation in Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film can be greatly inhibited by increasing S content in the precursor thin film.

Meniscus repair with simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Clinical outcomes, failure rates and subsequent processing

Purpose::To retrospectively analyze the clinical outcomes of meniscus repair with simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstruction and explore the causes of failure of meniscus repair.Methods::From May 2013 to July 2018,the clinical data of 165 patients who were treated with meniscus surgery and simultaneous ACL reconstruction,including 69 cases of meniscus repair(repair group)and 96 cases of partial meniscectomy(partial meniscectomy group)were retrospectively analyzed.The exclusion criteria were as follows:(1)ACL rupture associated with fracture,collateral ligament injury,or complex ligament injury;(2)a history of knee surgery;or(3)a significant degree of osteoarthritis.The 69 patients in the repair group were divided into the non-failure group(62 cases)and the failure group(7 cases)depending on the repair effect.Postoperative outcomes of the repair group and the partial meniscectomy group were compared.General conditions and postoperative outcomes of the failure group and the non-failure group were compared.During the median follow-up period of 28 months(range,4-65 months)after the second arthroscopy,postoperative outcomes of seven patients in the failure group were summarized.SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results::Seven patients in the failure group who underwent the second arthroscopy were followed up for(30±17.4)months and their postoperative outcomes were summarized.Compared with the partial meniscectomy group,the International Knee Documentation Committee scores of patients in the repair group improved significantly(p=0.031).Compared with the non-failure group,more patients in the failure group were younger than 24 years(p=0.030).The median follow-up period was 39.5 months.All patients recovered well after subsequent partial meniscectomy and relieved clinical symptoms.Visual analog scale scores decreased significantly(p=0.026),and the International Knee Documentation Committee and Lysholm scores improved significantly(p=0.046 for both).Conclusion::The failure rate of meniscus repair in this study was 10.1%(7/69),all of which were medial meniscus tears.However,the surgical outcomes of ACL reconstruction were not affected,and there might be a role for graft protection.Therefore,meniscus retears can be successful treated by performing subsequent partial meniscectomy in patients with repair failure.

Microstructure and deuterium resistance of Al_(2)O_(3)/Y_(2)O_(3) composite coating with different annealing atmospheres

The Al_(2)O_(3)/Y_(2)O_(3) composite coating with a total thickness of 320 nm was prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering.The annealing treatments in three different atmosphere,Ar gas,H;and vacuum,were performed in order to study the influence of microstructure on the deuterium resistance of the coating.

Inhibition of neddylation ameliorates DSS-induced colitis

Immune disorders are characterized by excessive immune cell activation and aberrant inflammatory responses.Cell signals have been noted to regulate immune cell functions and to contribute to immune diseases,for example,upon extracellular stimulation,cell receptormediated signals,including mammalian target of rapamycin/signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 31,2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB,3,4 induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and molecules,thereby resulting in immune cell activation and sustained inflammation,as seen in inflammatory bowel diseases and other immune disorders.