Prussian blue analogues-derived nitrogen-doped carboncoated FeO/CoO hollow nanocages as a high-performance anode material for Li storage

The design of electrode materials with specific structures is considered a promising approach for improving the performance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this paper,FeO/CoO hollow nanocages coated with a N-doped carbon layer(FCO@NC)was prepared using Fe-Co-based Prussian blue analogs(PBA)as a precursor.During the synthesis,dopamine was the carbon and nitrogen source.The reducing atmosphere was assured via NH_3/Ar,which regulated the vacancies in the structure of FCO@NC as well as increased its conductivity.When used as anode materials for LIBs,the FCO@NC nanocages deliver a high reversible capacity of 774.89 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.3 A·g^(-1)after200 cycles with a capacity retention rate of 80.4%and426.76 mAh·g^(-1)after 500 cycles at a high current density of 1 A·g^(-1).It is demonstrated that the hollow nanocage structure can effectively enhance the cycle stability,and the heat treatment in NH_(3)/Ar atmosphere contributes to the oxygen vacancy content of the electrode materials,further facilitating its conductivity and electrochemical performance.

Central Nervous System Involvement in 179 Chinese Children with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Background： Central nervous system （CNS） involvement is found in many patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis （HLH）. In this study, we mainly analyzed neurological symptoms, imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid （CSF）, and their relationship with outcomes of HLH children. Methods： Related data of 179 Chinese pediatric patients with HLH admitted to our center from January 2010 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Diagnosis and treatment were based on the H LH-2004 protocol. Two-tailed Chi-squared test was used to compare between different groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the overall survival （OS） of patients with HLH. Results： In the present study, 21.2% （38/179） of total patients had neurological symptoms including seizure, irritability, somnolence, and unconsciousness. There were 80 （50.0%, excluding 19 patients without imaging data） patients with cranial imaging abnormalities. There were 14.7% （17/116, excluding 63 patients who did not accept lumbar puncture） of patients with abnormal CSF results. CNS involvement is defined as abnormalities in one or more of CNS symptoms, radiological findings, and CSF. Thus, 60.3% of them had CNS involvement, As for the prognosis, the median follow-up time was 3.2 years （17 lost to follow-up）. The probable 3-year OS of children was higher without CNS involvement （86.0% ± 4.6%） than those with CNS involvement （68.9% ± 4.9%, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.286, P = 0.019）, Among them, the probable 3-year OS of children without CNS symptoms was 76.0% ± 3.8%, higher than with CNS symptoms （59.5% ± 8.1%, HR = 2.147, P ： 0.047）. The 3-year OS of children with abnormal CSF was 64.7% ± 11.6%, compared with normal CSF （85.1% ± 3.7%, HR = 0.255, P = 0.038）. Conclusions： HLH patients with CNS involvement might have worse outcomes compared with those without CNS involvement, and CNS symptoms and CSF changes are more important to access the prognosis than imaging abnormality.

Clinical Research of Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children

Background： Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis （PLCH） is an interstitial primary pulmonary disease, characterized by Langerhans cell proliferation. It is easily misdiagnosed in children. This study aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations and features of PLCH by retrospective analysis. Meihods： A retrospective analysis was performed in 117 PLCH patients out of 338 LCH patients who were admitted in our center from November 2006 to October 2013. Variables between two groups were compared by Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to compare the survival rates and Cox regression to evaluate the effect of risk factors. Results： The median age of PLCH group was significantly lower than that ofnon-PkCH group （ 18.63 months vs. 43.4 months, P 〈 0.001 ）. All PLCH children had other organ involvement and only 11 cases （9.4%） had respiratory symptoms. The most common radiologic finding was cystic lesions （29 cases, 24.8%）. Pulmonary thnction abnormalities were dominated by obstructive ventilatory dysfunction （63 cases, 82.9%）. The 5-year overall survival （OS） of PECH children was 93.6% ± 2.3% and the event-free survival （EFS） was 55.7% ± 5.2%. Among the 38 cases with progressed or relapsed disease, five cases （13.2%） were due to progression or recurrence of lung damage. The 5-year OS of PECH children with ＂risk organ＂ involvement was significantly lower than those without ＂risk organ＂ involvement （86.0% ± 4.9% vs. 100%,X^2 = 8.793, P= 0.003）. The difference of EFS between two groups was also significant （43.7% ± 7.7% vs. 66.3% ± 6.5%,X^2 = 5.399, P = 0.020）. The ＂＇risk organ＂ involvement had a significant impact on survival （hazard ratio = 1.9, P = 0.039）. Conclusions： PLCH mainly occurs in young children, and only a small percentage of patients have respiratory symptoms. They generally have other organ involvement. Most of PLCH children have a good prognosis and most lung lesions could have improved or stabilized. Management of＂risk organ＂ involvement is the key point to improving EFS.

Associations between PRF1 Ala91 Val polymorphism and risk of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a meta-analysis based on 1366 subjects

Background Perforin(PRF1)gene mutation can cause the onset of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH).It has reported that PRFl Ala91 Val polymorphism was related with HLH risk.In the meta-analysis,we aim to evaluate the association between PRF1 Ala91 Val polymorphism and HLH risk.Methods We accomplished a meta-analysis of six published case-control studies including 391 patients with HLH and 975 controls.We evaluated the quality of each study through Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).Data analysis was performed with Stata software.Results In general,all studies were of high quality(NOS score higher than 7).There were statistically significant between the PRFl Ala91 Val polymorphism and HLH risk though the pooled analysis[for Ala/Val vs.Ala/Ala:pooled odds ratio(OR)=3.22,95%confidence interval(Cl)1.08-9.56,P=0.035,random model;for Ala/Val+Val/Val vs.Ala/Ala:pooled OR=2.96,95%Cl 1.14-7.69,P=0.025,random model].Furthermore,sensitivity analysis also revealed a relationship between PRFl Ala91Val polymorphism and HLH risk(for Ala/Val vs.Ala/Ala:pooled OR=5.236,95%Cl 2.72-10.08,P<0.000,/2=12.1%,^heterogeneity=0-332;for Ala/Val+Val/Val vs.Ala/Ala,pooled OR=4.856,95%Cl 2.66-8.85,P<0.000,/2=5.9%,Pheterogeneity=0.373).Funnel plot and Egger’s test did not indicate obvious published bias(P=0.841 for Ala/Val vs.Ala/Ala;?=0.284 for Ala/Val+Val/Val vs.Ala/Ala).Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that PRFl Ala91 Val polymorphism affects the factor for developing HLH and future studies of PRFl Ala91 Val on the onset of HLH will be guaranteed.