BACKGROUND The variability of metabolic biomarkers has been determined to provide incremental prognosis information,but the implications of electrolyte variability remained unclear.METHODS We investigate the relations...BACKGROUND The variability of metabolic biomarkers has been determined to provide incremental prognosis information,but the implications of electrolyte variability remained unclear.METHODS We investigate the relationships between electrolyte fluctuation and outcomes in survivors of acute myocardial infarction(n=4386).Ion variability was calculated as the coefficient of variation,standard deviation,variability independent of the mean(VIM)and range.Hazard ratios(HR)were estimated using the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional regression method.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12 months,161(3.7%)patients died,and heart failure occurred in 550(12.5%)participants after discharge,respectively.Compared with the bottom quartile,the highest quartile potassium VIM was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality(HR=2.35,95%CI:1.36–4.06)and heart failure(HR=1.32,95%CI:1.01–1.72)independent of cardiac troponin I(c Tn I),N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide(NT-pro BNP),infarction site,mean potassium and other traditional factors,while those associations across sodium VIM quartiles were insignificant.Similar trend remains across the strata of variability by other three indices.These associations were consistent after excluding patients with any extreme electrolyte value and diuretic use.CONCLUSIONS Higher potassium variability but not sodium variability was associated with adverse outcomes post-infarction.Our findings highlight that potassium variability remains a robust risk factor for mortality regardless of clinical dysnatraemia and dyskalaemia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor that usually develops in children;however,it is located in the center and close to sensitive structures,such as the pituitary gland and hypothalamus.As the hypothalamus p...BACKGROUND Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor that usually develops in children;however,it is located in the center and close to sensitive structures,such as the pituitary gland and hypothalamus.As the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of anterior pituitary hormone synthesis,damage to the hypothalamus leads to multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,including hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS).HPS has limited treatment and poor prognosis.CASE SUMMARY A girl aged 13 years and 6 mo underwent surgery for craniopharyngioma 6 years prior.Right craniotomy was performed with total resection via the corpus callosum approach,and the tumor at the base was approximately 3.5 cm×3.5 cm×4.0 cm.At 1 year postoperatively,she exhibited abdominal distension and weakness,and the laboratory tests revealed fatty liver disease.Thereafter,she had not visited the outpatient clinic for 2 years.Two years ago,she developed decreased activity endurance,severe cyanosis,chest tightness,wheezing,and intermittent and recurrent low fever after mild physical labor.Hepatobiliary ultrasonography,liver biopsy,and contrast echocardiography of the right heart showed cirrhosis and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies,indicating HPS.After 1 year of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone,the liver function and oxygenation improved;she did not undergo liver transplantation.CONCLUSION Craniopharyngioma surgery can easily cause hypopituitarism,which can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and HPS in children.Early growth hormone therapy is important to improve the prognosis of these diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Congenital tufting enteropathy(CTE)is a rare cause of diarrhea in children.However,it can result in early-onset of chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive.Children with this disease have to depend on total p...BACKGROUND Congenital tufting enteropathy(CTE)is a rare cause of diarrhea in children.However,it can result in early-onset of chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive.Children with this disease have to depend on total parenteral nutrition(TPN),and eventually small intestine transplantation.The epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EPCAM)gene was identified to be associated with CTE.Here,we present a case of an infant with CTE due to a mutation not reported in the literature before.CASE SUMMARY A 1-year and 7-mo infant boy exhibited intractable watery diarrhea and mushy stool within 1 wk after birth,for which he had required medical treatment and hospitalization several times.His sister presented similar symptoms and died at the age of two.On admission,his body weight was 5700 g(-4.8 SDS)and measured 66 cm(-5.4 SDS)in height.Meanwhile,he cannot speak or climb.He exhibited mild anemia,hypocalcemia,hypomagnesemia,and an infection in the upper respiratory tract.Microvilli sparse and vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells were reported by small intestine biopsy.Whole-exome sequencing showed a novel homozygous splice mutation(c.657+1[IVS6]G>A)in the EPCAM gene.He was treated with TPN and recombinant human growth hormone.After 2 mo,his body weight was up to 8500 g and he has been waiting for small bowel transplantation.CONCLUSION CTE is rare but fatal.Patients with CTE require rapid diagnosis and therapy to improve their survival.展开更多
We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the ...We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the source exhibited bluer-when-brighter chromatism.This bluer-when-brighter behavior is at least partly caused by the larger variation amplitude at shorter wavelengths.The variations at different wavelengths are correlated well and show no inter-band time lag.展开更多
Background： Practice guidelines have recommended cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） and interpersonal psychotherapy （IPT） as the treatment of choice for major depression disorder （MDD）. However, whether one the...Background： Practice guidelines have recommended cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） and interpersonal psychotherapy （IPT） as the treatment of choice for major depression disorder （MDD）. However, whether one therapy is better than the other remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment efficacy of the two treatment approaches for MDD. Methods： Using the terms ＂cognitive behavior therapy or cognitive therapy or CBTor CTor cognitive behavioral therapy＂ and ＂interpersonal psychotherapy or IPT,＂ we systematically searched PubMed, Psyclnfo and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to February 2017. The language was restricted to be English and Chinese. Therapeutic outcomes, characteristics, and research quality were then extracted and analyzed independently. In accessing the included studies, we followed the criteria suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results： Data for 946 patients from 10 randomized controlled trials were included in the study. Methodological quality was not optimal in most trials. Meta-analysis showed a mean difference （MD） of -1.31, 95% confidence interval （CI） （-2.49, -0.12） （P 〈 0.05） in favor of CBT according to the Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）, and however, we did not found any statistically significant difference between CBT and IPT on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression （HRSD） （MD -0.90, 95% CI [-2.18, 0.38]）. Subgroup analyses for the studies in which patients were treated only by psychotherapy （MD -1.26, 95% CI [-2.78, 0.35]） and for those which offered more sessions of therapies （MD -0.82, 95% CI [-2.23, 0.59]） showed there was no significant difference between CBT and IPT according to BDI. Conclusions： Differences in treatment efficacy seem to vary according to different outcome measures. CBT shows an advantage over IPT for MDD according to BDI, and there is no significant difference between the two according to HRSD. These results should be interpreted with caution.展开更多
Hybrids,produced by hybridization of proteins,peptides,DNA,and other new biomolecules with polymers,often have unique functional properties.These properties,such as biocompatibility,stability and specificity,lead to v...Hybrids,produced by hybridization of proteins,peptides,DNA,and other new biomolecules with polymers,often have unique functional properties.These properties,such as biocompatibility,stability and specificity,lead to various smart biomaterials.This review mainly introduces biomolecule polymer hybrid materials by reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP),emphasizing reverse addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization,and nitroxide mediated polymerization(NMP).It includes the methods of RDRP to improve the biocompatibility of biomedical materials and organisms by surface modification.The key to the current synthesis of biomolecule polymer hybrids is to control polymerization.Besides,this review describes several different kinds of biomolecule polymer hybrid materials and their applications in the biomedical field.These progresses provide ideas for the investigation of biodegradable and highly bioactive biomedical soft tissue materials.The research hotspots of nanotechnology in biomedical fields are controlled drug release materials and gene therapy carrier materials.Research showed that RDRP method could improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the dosage and side effects of the drug.Specifically,by means of RDRP,the original materials can be modified to develop intelligent polymer materials as membrane materials with selective permeability and surface modification.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91641205,No.51622605,No.91541201)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.17XD1402000)
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC1301100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81827806,81870353,31771241)Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia,Ministry of Education(No.KF201903)。
文摘BACKGROUND The variability of metabolic biomarkers has been determined to provide incremental prognosis information,but the implications of electrolyte variability remained unclear.METHODS We investigate the relationships between electrolyte fluctuation and outcomes in survivors of acute myocardial infarction(n=4386).Ion variability was calculated as the coefficient of variation,standard deviation,variability independent of the mean(VIM)and range.Hazard ratios(HR)were estimated using the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional regression method.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12 months,161(3.7%)patients died,and heart failure occurred in 550(12.5%)participants after discharge,respectively.Compared with the bottom quartile,the highest quartile potassium VIM was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality(HR=2.35,95%CI:1.36–4.06)and heart failure(HR=1.32,95%CI:1.01–1.72)independent of cardiac troponin I(c Tn I),N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide(NT-pro BNP),infarction site,mean potassium and other traditional factors,while those associations across sodium VIM quartiles were insignificant.Similar trend remains across the strata of variability by other three indices.These associations were consistent after excluding patients with any extreme electrolyte value and diuretic use.CONCLUSIONS Higher potassium variability but not sodium variability was associated with adverse outcomes post-infarction.Our findings highlight that potassium variability remains a robust risk factor for mortality regardless of clinical dysnatraemia and dyskalaemia.
文摘BACKGROUND Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor that usually develops in children;however,it is located in the center and close to sensitive structures,such as the pituitary gland and hypothalamus.As the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of anterior pituitary hormone synthesis,damage to the hypothalamus leads to multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,including hepatopulmonary syndrome(HPS).HPS has limited treatment and poor prognosis.CASE SUMMARY A girl aged 13 years and 6 mo underwent surgery for craniopharyngioma 6 years prior.Right craniotomy was performed with total resection via the corpus callosum approach,and the tumor at the base was approximately 3.5 cm×3.5 cm×4.0 cm.At 1 year postoperatively,she exhibited abdominal distension and weakness,and the laboratory tests revealed fatty liver disease.Thereafter,she had not visited the outpatient clinic for 2 years.Two years ago,she developed decreased activity endurance,severe cyanosis,chest tightness,wheezing,and intermittent and recurrent low fever after mild physical labor.Hepatobiliary ultrasonography,liver biopsy,and contrast echocardiography of the right heart showed cirrhosis and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies,indicating HPS.After 1 year of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone,the liver function and oxygenation improved;she did not undergo liver transplantation.CONCLUSION Craniopharyngioma surgery can easily cause hypopituitarism,which can lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and HPS in children.Early growth hormone therapy is important to improve the prognosis of these diseases.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China,No.2020C03121。
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital tufting enteropathy(CTE)is a rare cause of diarrhea in children.However,it can result in early-onset of chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive.Children with this disease have to depend on total parenteral nutrition(TPN),and eventually small intestine transplantation.The epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EPCAM)gene was identified to be associated with CTE.Here,we present a case of an infant with CTE due to a mutation not reported in the literature before.CASE SUMMARY A 1-year and 7-mo infant boy exhibited intractable watery diarrhea and mushy stool within 1 wk after birth,for which he had required medical treatment and hospitalization several times.His sister presented similar symptoms and died at the age of two.On admission,his body weight was 5700 g(-4.8 SDS)and measured 66 cm(-5.4 SDS)in height.Meanwhile,he cannot speak or climb.He exhibited mild anemia,hypocalcemia,hypomagnesemia,and an infection in the upper respiratory tract.Microvilli sparse and vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells were reported by small intestine biopsy.Whole-exome sequencing showed a novel homozygous splice mutation(c.657+1[IVS6]G>A)in the EPCAM gene.He was treated with TPN and recombinant human growth hormone.After 2 mo,his body weight was up to 8500 g and he has been waiting for small bowel transplantation.CONCLUSION CTE is rare but fatal.Patients with CTE require rapid diagnosis and therapy to improve their survival.
基金the National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Program of China，the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11973017)。
文摘We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the source exhibited bluer-when-brighter chromatism.This bluer-when-brighter behavior is at least partly caused by the larger variation amplitude at shorter wavelengths.The variations at different wavelengths are correlated well and show no inter-band time lag.
基金This research was supported by grants from Major Program of the National Social Science Foundation of China （No. 14ZDB 159）, Major Program ofthe Humanities and Social Sciences of Guangdong University （No. 2012ZGXM0006）, and Program of Science and Technology Development of Guangdong Province （No. 2017A020215067）.
文摘Background： Practice guidelines have recommended cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） and interpersonal psychotherapy （IPT） as the treatment of choice for major depression disorder （MDD）. However, whether one therapy is better than the other remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment efficacy of the two treatment approaches for MDD. Methods： Using the terms ＂cognitive behavior therapy or cognitive therapy or CBTor CTor cognitive behavioral therapy＂ and ＂interpersonal psychotherapy or IPT,＂ we systematically searched PubMed, Psyclnfo and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to February 2017. The language was restricted to be English and Chinese. Therapeutic outcomes, characteristics, and research quality were then extracted and analyzed independently. In accessing the included studies, we followed the criteria suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results： Data for 946 patients from 10 randomized controlled trials were included in the study. Methodological quality was not optimal in most trials. Meta-analysis showed a mean difference （MD） of -1.31, 95% confidence interval （CI） （-2.49, -0.12） （P 〈 0.05） in favor of CBT according to the Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）, and however, we did not found any statistically significant difference between CBT and IPT on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression （HRSD） （MD -0.90, 95% CI [-2.18, 0.38]）. Subgroup analyses for the studies in which patients were treated only by psychotherapy （MD -1.26, 95% CI [-2.78, 0.35]） and for those which offered more sessions of therapies （MD -0.82, 95% CI [-2.23, 0.59]） showed there was no significant difference between CBT and IPT according to BDI. Conclusions： Differences in treatment efficacy seem to vary according to different outcome measures. CBT shows an advantage over IPT for MDD according to BDI, and there is no significant difference between the two according to HRSD. These results should be interpreted with caution.
基金ZQS acknowledges the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.51873016)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.JD2014)the Joint Project of BRC-BC(Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH)(No.XK2020-11).
文摘Hybrids,produced by hybridization of proteins,peptides,DNA,and other new biomolecules with polymers,often have unique functional properties.These properties,such as biocompatibility,stability and specificity,lead to various smart biomaterials.This review mainly introduces biomolecule polymer hybrid materials by reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP),emphasizing reverse addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization,and nitroxide mediated polymerization(NMP).It includes the methods of RDRP to improve the biocompatibility of biomedical materials and organisms by surface modification.The key to the current synthesis of biomolecule polymer hybrids is to control polymerization.Besides,this review describes several different kinds of biomolecule polymer hybrid materials and their applications in the biomedical field.These progresses provide ideas for the investigation of biodegradable and highly bioactive biomedical soft tissue materials.The research hotspots of nanotechnology in biomedical fields are controlled drug release materials and gene therapy carrier materials.Research showed that RDRP method could improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the dosage and side effects of the drug.Specifically,by means of RDRP,the original materials can be modified to develop intelligent polymer materials as membrane materials with selective permeability and surface modification.
