BACKGROUND Post-stroke infection is the most common complication of stroke and poses a huge threat to patients.In addition to prolonging the hospitalization time and increasing the medical burden,post-stroke infection...BACKGROUND Post-stroke infection is the most common complication of stroke and poses a huge threat to patients.In addition to prolonging the hospitalization time and increasing the medical burden,post-stroke infection also significantly increases the risk of disease and death.Clarifying the risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is of great significance.It can guide clinical practice to perform corresponding prevention and control work early,minimizing the risk of stroke-related infections and ensuring favorable disease outcomes.AIM To explore the risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with AIS and to construct a nomogram predictive model.METHODS The clinical data of 206 patients with AIS admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2023 were retrospectively collected.Baseline data and post-stroke infection status of all study subjects were assessed,and the risk factors for poststroke infection in patients with AIS were analyzed.RESULTS Totally,48 patients with AIS developed stroke,with an infection rate of 23.3%.Age,diabetes,disturbance of consciousness,high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score at admission,invasive operation,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)were risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with AIS(P<0.05).A nomogram prediction model was constructed with a C-index of 0.891,reflecting the good potential clinical efficacy of the nomogram prediction model.The calibration curve also showed good consistency between the actual observations and nomogram predictions.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.891(95%confidence interval:0.839–0.942),showing predictive value for post-stroke infection.When the optimal cutoff value was selected,the sensitivity and specificity were 87.5%and 79.7%,respectively.CONCLUSION Age,diabetes,disturbance of consciousness,NIHSS score at admission,invasive surgery,and COPD are risk factors for post-stroke infection following AIS.The nomogram prediction model established based on these factors exhibits high discrimination and accuracy.展开更多
In this paper,substantial domestic and foreign research results of microscopic shale reservoir space were systemically reviewed,the research history consisting of simple observation and qualitative classification,quan...In this paper,substantial domestic and foreign research results of microscopic shale reservoir space were systemically reviewed,the research history consisting of simple observation and qualitative classification,quantitative research,the combination of qualitative and quantitative research successively as well as the characteristics of each research stage were summarized.In addition,the current problems existing in the characterization methods of shale reservoir space were also analyzed.Furthermore,based on massive actual detection of typical core samples obtained from more than 50 global shale gas wells and relevant practical experience,a comprehensive characterization method of combining qualitative with the semiquantitative characterization was put forward.In detail,the indicators of the qualitative characterization include pore combination type and organic-matter microscopic morphology type,while the core elements of the semi-quantitative characterization include the percentage of the organic-matter area and the plane porosity of the pores of different types.Based on the reference of the naming and classification of rocks,the three-end-member diagram method was used to characterize microscopic shale reservoir space.This is achieved by plotting the three end-member diagram of 3 kinds of first-order critical reservoir spaces,i.e.,organic-matter pores,matrix pores,and micro-fractures,in order to intuitively present the features of the microscopic pore combination.Meanwhile,statistic histograms of organic-matter microscopic morphology type and the plane porosity of different types of pores were adopted to characterize the development degree of second-order pores quantitatively.By this comprehensive characterization method,the importance of both pore combination and the microscopic morphology of organic matter were emphasized,revealing the control of organic-matter microscopic morphology over the organic-matter pores.What is more,high-resolution FE-SEM was adopted to obtain semi-quantitative statistics results.In this way,the features of pore development and pore combination were quantified,not only reflecting the types and storage capacity of the microscopic shale reservoir space,but also presenting the hydrocarbongenerating potential of organic matter in shale.Therefore,the results of this research are capable of providing in-depth microscopic information for the assessment and exploration and development of shale gas resources.展开更多
基金Shandong Province Grassroots Health Technology Innovation Program Project,No.JCK22007.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-stroke infection is the most common complication of stroke and poses a huge threat to patients.In addition to prolonging the hospitalization time and increasing the medical burden,post-stroke infection also significantly increases the risk of disease and death.Clarifying the risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is of great significance.It can guide clinical practice to perform corresponding prevention and control work early,minimizing the risk of stroke-related infections and ensuring favorable disease outcomes.AIM To explore the risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with AIS and to construct a nomogram predictive model.METHODS The clinical data of 206 patients with AIS admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2023 were retrospectively collected.Baseline data and post-stroke infection status of all study subjects were assessed,and the risk factors for poststroke infection in patients with AIS were analyzed.RESULTS Totally,48 patients with AIS developed stroke,with an infection rate of 23.3%.Age,diabetes,disturbance of consciousness,high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score at admission,invasive operation,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)were risk factors for post-stroke infection in patients with AIS(P<0.05).A nomogram prediction model was constructed with a C-index of 0.891,reflecting the good potential clinical efficacy of the nomogram prediction model.The calibration curve also showed good consistency between the actual observations and nomogram predictions.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.891(95%confidence interval:0.839–0.942),showing predictive value for post-stroke infection.When the optimal cutoff value was selected,the sensitivity and specificity were 87.5%and 79.7%,respectively.CONCLUSION Age,diabetes,disturbance of consciousness,NIHSS score at admission,invasive surgery,and COPD are risk factors for post-stroke infection following AIS.The nomogram prediction model established based on these factors exhibits high discrimination and accuracy.
基金This study was supported by the National Scientific and Technological Major Special Project titled“Research on Evaluation Method and Exploration Technology on Shale Gas Resources”(2016ZX05034)“Shale Gas Basic Geological Survey Project in South China”(121201229000160021)initiated by CGSinter-governmental cooperation project titled“China-USA Cooperation Research Project of Carboniferous-Permian Shale Reservoir Evaluation Technology”(2017YFE0106300).
文摘In this paper,substantial domestic and foreign research results of microscopic shale reservoir space were systemically reviewed,the research history consisting of simple observation and qualitative classification,quantitative research,the combination of qualitative and quantitative research successively as well as the characteristics of each research stage were summarized.In addition,the current problems existing in the characterization methods of shale reservoir space were also analyzed.Furthermore,based on massive actual detection of typical core samples obtained from more than 50 global shale gas wells and relevant practical experience,a comprehensive characterization method of combining qualitative with the semiquantitative characterization was put forward.In detail,the indicators of the qualitative characterization include pore combination type and organic-matter microscopic morphology type,while the core elements of the semi-quantitative characterization include the percentage of the organic-matter area and the plane porosity of the pores of different types.Based on the reference of the naming and classification of rocks,the three-end-member diagram method was used to characterize microscopic shale reservoir space.This is achieved by plotting the three end-member diagram of 3 kinds of first-order critical reservoir spaces,i.e.,organic-matter pores,matrix pores,and micro-fractures,in order to intuitively present the features of the microscopic pore combination.Meanwhile,statistic histograms of organic-matter microscopic morphology type and the plane porosity of different types of pores were adopted to characterize the development degree of second-order pores quantitatively.By this comprehensive characterization method,the importance of both pore combination and the microscopic morphology of organic matter were emphasized,revealing the control of organic-matter microscopic morphology over the organic-matter pores.What is more,high-resolution FE-SEM was adopted to obtain semi-quantitative statistics results.In this way,the features of pore development and pore combination were quantified,not only reflecting the types and storage capacity of the microscopic shale reservoir space,but also presenting the hydrocarbongenerating potential of organic matter in shale.Therefore,the results of this research are capable of providing in-depth microscopic information for the assessment and exploration and development of shale gas resources.
