羟考酮与舒芬太尼联合咪达唑仑在无痛结肠镜检查中的应用比较

目的比较羟考酮联合咪达唑仑与舒芬太尼联合咪达唑仑在无痛结肠镜检查中的麻醉效果、安全性及副作用。方法选择无痛结肠镜检查患者60例,按随机数字表随机分为两组。年龄18~65岁;体质指数18.5~27.0 kg/m^2;美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ~Ⅲ级。所有患者在无痛结肠镜检查前5 min静脉注射咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg。然后O组(羟考酮组)给予0.10 mg/kg羟考酮,S组(舒芬太尼组)给予0.10μg/kg舒芬太尼,操作过程中可根据患者检查配合情况,适当追加丙泊酚静注10~30 mg/次。所有患者均连续监测血氧饱和度、心率以及无创血压。记录药物起效时间、操作时间、复苏时间和出院时间。记录低血压、血氧饱和度降低、恶心和呕吐等不良反应。记录麻醉医师满意度、消化内科医师(操作人员)满意度、术后1周患者满意度。结果两组患者药物起效时间、操作时间、复苏时间、离室时间、低血压、重度缺氧的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),S组的丙泊酚追加率明显高于O组(P<0.05),轻度血氧饱和度降低的发生率明显高于O组(P<0.05),消化内科医生满意度低于O组(P<0.05),麻醉医师满意度低于O组(P<0.05)。两组患者满意度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论羟考酮联合咪达唑仑用于门诊无痛结肠镜检查安全有效,较舒芬太尼联合咪达唑仑术中轻度低氧血症发生率和丙泊酚添加率低。

Enhanced therapeutic effects for human pancreatic cancer by application K-ras and IGF-IR antisense oligodeoxynucleotides

AIM: To investigate the combined effects of K-ras antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (K-ras ASODN) specif ic to GTT point mutation at codon 12 and type Ⅰ insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (IGF-IR ASODN) on proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer Patu8988 cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: K-ras gene point mutation and its style at codon 12 of human pancreatic cancer cell line Patu8988 were detected by using polymerase chain reaction with special sequence primers (PCR-SSP) and sequence analysis. According to the mutation style, K-ras mutation ASODN specifi c to K-ras point mutation at codon 12 was designed and composed. After K-ras ASODN and IGF-IR ASODN treated on Patu8988 cells respectively or cooperatively, the proliferation and morphological change of Patu8988 cells were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony forming assay andtransmission electron microscopy; the expression of K-ras and IGF-IR mRNA and protein in the treated cells was measured by reverse-transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry respectively; apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The combined antitumor activity of K-ras ASODN and IGF-IR ASODN was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer inoculated with Patu8988 cells. RESULTS: The results of PCR-SSP and sequence analysis showed that the human pancreatic cancer cell line Patu8988 had point mutation at codon 12, and the mutation style was GGT→GTT. 2-32 μg/mL K-ras ASODN and 2-32 μg/mL IGF-IR ASODN could inhibit Patu8988 cells' growth, induce apoptosis and decrease the expression of K-ras and IGF-IR mRNA and protein alone. However, there was much more effective inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis by their combination than by each one alone. In tumor bearing mice, the combination of K-ras ASODN and IGF-IR ASODN showed a signif icant inhibitory effect on the growth of transplanted pancreatic cancer, resulting in a statistically signif icant difference compared with each alone. CONCLUSION: It has been found that K-ras ASODN combined with IGF-IR ASODN could cooperatively inhibit the growth of Patu8988 cells, and induce their apoptosis via reinforcing specific down regulation of K-ras and IGF-IR mRNA and protein expression.

Integrinα6 Targeted Near Infrared Fluorescent Imaging and Photoacoustic Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death and ranks sixth in terms of incident cases worldwide.The purpose of this study was to develop an effective and sensitive method to distinguish liver cancer tissues from normal tissues in HCC patients.Integrinα6 is a promising cell surface target for molecular imaging of HCC,where it is overexpressed and is a prognostic biomarker.We previously identified an integrinα6-targeted peptide CRWYDENAC(RWY)that has been used for positron emission tomography(PET)imaging of HCC in mouse models.Methods:We labeled the integrinα6-targeted RWY peptide with cyanine 7(Cy7)to form an optical probe(Cy7-RWY)for near infrared fluorescent(NIRF)and photoacoustic(PA)imaging in HCC.Mice transplanted with subcutaneous HCC-LM3 or orthotopic HCC-H22 cells that overexpressed integrinα6 were intravenously injected with Cy7-RWY and its corresponding Cy7-control.NIRF and PA images of mice were collected from 0 to 48 h after injection.Results:Both NIRF and PA signals started to accumulate in the tumor 2 h after injection of Cy7-RWY and peaked at 24 h.Conclusions:Cy7-RWY is a promising optical probe for NIRF and PA imaging of HCC in mice,and has potential clinical application for HCC detection.

Approximate Continuous Top-k Query over Sliding Window

Continuous top-k query over sliding window is a fundamental problem in database, which retrieves k objects with the highest scores when the window slides. Existing studies mainly adopt exact algorithms to tackle this type of queries, whose key idea is to maintain a subset of objects in the window, and try to retrieve answers from it. However, all the existing algorithms are sensitive to query parameters and data distribution. In addition, they suffer from expensive overhead for incremental maintenance, and thus cannot satisfy real-time requirement. In this paper, we define a novel query named （ε, δ）-approximate continuous top-κ query, which returns approximate answers for top-κ query. In order to efficiently support this query, we propose an efficient framework, named PABF （Probabilistic Approximate Based Framework）, to support approximate top-κ query over sliding window. We firstly maintain a self-adaptive pruning value, which could filter out newly arrived objects who have a probability less than 1 - 5 of being a query result. For those objects that are not filtered, we combine them together, if the score difference among them is less than a threshold. To efficiently maintain these combined results, the framework PABF also proposes a multi-phase merging algorithm. Theoretical analysis indicates that even in the worst case, we require only logarithmic complexity for maintaining each candidate.

Fine-tuning the molecular energy levels by incorporating thiophene units onto the π-backbone of core-expanded naphthalene diimides

A series of core-expanded naphthalene diimides（NDI-DTYM） and thiophene-based derivatives（1a-c）were designed and synthesized to investigate the relationship between molecular structures and the highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） energy levels but has little impact on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital（LUMO） energy levels.The results demonstrated that increasing the number of thiophene units can gradually elevate the HOMO energy levels but had little impact on the LUMO energy levels.The n-channel organic field-effect transistors（OFETs） based on 1b and 1c have demonstrated that these almost unchanged LUMO energy levels are proper to transport electrons.

1,2,5,6-Naphthalenediimide-based Conjugated Copolymers Linked by Ethynyl Units

Two copolymers of P1 and P2 comprising benzothiadiazole, 1,4-bis（dodecyloxy）-benzene units were synthesized by Sonogashira coupling polymerization based on ethynyl-linked 1,2,5,6-naphthalenediimide. Their thermal, optical, electrochemical as well as charge transport properties were studied. Bottom-gate top-contact organic field-effect transistors （OFETs） measurements of P1 and P2 thin films showed different charge transport behaviors. P1 displayed pure electron transport behaviors in OFETs with electron mobility up to 10^-3 cm^2·V-1·s^-1, while P2 exhibited hole transport features. The molecular structure analysis revealed that the structure of P1 has the acceptor-linker-acceptor＇ （A-L-A＇） characteristic, and P2 possesses the donor-linker-acceptor （D-L-A） structure feature. The results demonstrate that different molecular structures lead them to have distinct charge transport behaviors. In particular, the first pure electron transport copolymer in OFETs based on 1,2,5,6-naphthalenediimide is achieved.