空心钉内固定联合股方肌骨瓣移植对青壮年股骨颈骨折患者血液流变学及骨代谢指标的影响

目的探讨空心钉内固定联合股方肌骨瓣移植术对青壮年股骨颈骨折患者血液流变学及骨代谢指标的影响。方法选取2015年10月—2016年12月徐州市中心医院收治的96例青壮年股骨颈骨折患者作为研究对象,根据病历单双号随机分为观察组和对照组,每组48例。对照组采用闭合复位空心钉内固定治疗;观察组采用空心钉内固定联合股方肌骨瓣移植术治疗。比较两组手术相关指标、血液流变学、骨代谢指标、临床疗效及并发症。结果观察组手术时间高于对照组(P <0.05),术中出血量高于对照组(P <0.05),骨折愈合时间低于对照组(P <0.05);随访6个月,观察组Harris髋关节功能评分高于对照组(P <0.05);术后3个月,观察组全血高切、全血低切、血浆黏度及红细胞比容均低于对照组(P <0.05),血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨保护素(OPG)及骨钙素(BGP)含量高于对照组(P <0.05);随访6个月,观察组有效率(95.37%)高于对照组(79.17%)(P <0.05),股骨头坏死等并发症发生率(18.75%)低于对照组(37.50%)(P <0.05)。结论空心钉内固定联合股方肌骨瓣移植术有助于促进青壮年骨颈骨折患者术后康复,提高临床疗效,降低并发症发生率,可能与改善患者血液流变学、调节骨代谢指标等因素有关。

亚阈值微脉冲黄激光联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿

目的:对比亚阈值微脉冲(STMP)黄激光单独和联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的临床效果及安全性。方法:前瞻性临床随机对照研究。选取2017-04/2018-08符合入选标准的DME患者33例58眼,随机分成单纯激光组(16例28眼)行STMP黄激光,联合治疗组(17例30眼)行玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合STMP黄激光。比较治疗前后的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)、黄斑体积(TMV)、眼底血管造影(FFA)、多焦视网膜电图(MERG)、自发荧光(AF)、黄斑色素光密度(MPOD),并统计治疗次数。结果:BCVA、TMV:单纯激光组治疗后6、9、12mo与治疗前比较均有差异(P<0.05),联合治疗组治疗后3、6、9、12mo与治疗前比较均有差异(P<0.05)。两组治疗后3、6、9、12mo CMT与治疗前比较均有差异(P<0.01)。两组患者治疗后12mo MERG总反应波P 1振幅、黄斑光密度最大值(Max OD)、黄斑区平均光密度(Mean OD)与治疗前比较均有差异(P<0.01)。治疗后12mo,两组间TMV、P 1振幅均有差异(P<0.01)。随访期间单纯激光组激光次数3.32±1.09次,联合治疗组3.30±1.18次(P=0.943)。结论:STMP黄激光单独和联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗均可有效降低DME患者的黄斑水肿、提高视力且安全;联合治疗组起效快、效果更好。

Aging precipitation behavior and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Er alloy at different quenching rates

The effect of quenching rate on the aging precipitation behavior and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Er alloy was investigated.The scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and atom probe tomography were used to study the characteristics of clusters and precipitates in the alloy.The quench-inducedηphase and a large number of clusters are formed in the air-cooled alloy with the slowest cooling rate,which contributes to an increment of hardness by 24%(HV 26)compared with that of the water-quenched one.However,the aging hardening response speed and peak-aged hardness of the alloy increase with the increase of quenching rate.Meanwhile,the water-quenched alloy after peak aging also has the highest strength,elongation,and corrosion resistance,which is due to the high driving force and increased number density of aging precipitates,and the narrowed precipitate free zones.

Improvement of strength and ductility of Al-Cu-Li alloy through cryogenic rolling followed by aging

To develop an improved approach in achieving an excellent combination of high strength and ductility,the solutionized Al?Cu?Li plates were subjected to rolling at cryogenic and room temperatures,respectively,to a reduction of83%,followed by aging treatment at160°C.The results indicate that Al?Cu?Li alloys through cryogenic rolling followed by aging treatment possess better mechanical properties.Rolling at cryogenic temperature produces a high density of dislocations because of the suppression of dynamic recovery,which in turn promotes the precipitation of T1(Al2CuLi)precipitates during aging.Such high density of T1precipitates enable effective dislocation pinning,leading to an increase in strength and ductility.In contrast,room temperature rolled alloys after aging treatment exhibit lower strength and ductility due to low density of T1precipitates in the grain interior and high density of T1precipitates around subgrain boundaries.

Simulation of low proportion of dynamic recrystallization in 7055 aluminum alloy

The hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behaviors of 7055 aluminum alloy were studied at temperatures of 390−470℃ and strain rates of 0.01−1 s^(−1).A low DRX fraction between 1% and 13% was observed by using EBSD technique.A modified JMAK-type DRX model was proposed for such low DRX fraction problems.The model was used together with commercial FEM software DEFORM-3D to simulate the hot compression of 7055 aluminum alloy.There was a good agreement between experimental and predicted DRX fractions and grain size with an average absolute relative error(AARE)of 13.7% and 6.3%,respectively.In order to further verify the validity of the proposed model,the model was also used to simulate DRX in industrial hot rolling of 7055 aluminum alloys.The results showed that the distribution of DRX fraction was inhomogeneous,and agreed with experimental observations.

Microstructure characterization of Al-cladded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu sheet in different hot deformation conditions

Al-cladded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu sheets were compressed up to70%reduction on a Gleeble-3500thermo-mechanical simulatorwith temperatures ranging from380to450°C at strain rates between0.1and30s-1.The microstructures of the Al cladding and theAl-Zn-Mg-Cu matrix were characterized by electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Themicrostructure is closely related to the level of recovery and recrystallization,which can be influenced by deformation temperature,deformation pass and deformation rate.The level of recovery and recrystallization are different in the Al cladding and theAl-Zn-Mg-Cu matrix.Higher deformation temperature results in higher degree of recrystallization and coarser grain size.Staticrecrystallization and recovery can happen during the interval of deformation passes.Higher strain rate leads to finer sub-grains atstrain rate below10s-1;however,dynamic recovery and recrystallization are limited at strain rate of30s-1due to shorter duration atelevated temperatures.

Tailoring phase fractions of T'and η' phases in dual-phase strengthened Al−Zn−Mg−Cu alloy via ageing treatment

Hardness tests and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the strategy of tailoring the phase fraction of precipitates in an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy strengthened by T’ and η’ phases. Different phase fractions of T’ and η’ phases are presented in samples subjected to either single or two stages of ageing treatments at 120 and 150 ℃.For both types of ageing, the precipitation of η’ phase is found to be promoted by ageing at lower temperature and its phase fraction increases with prolonging ageing time at 120 ℃;whereas the phase fractions of T’ and η’ phases almost remain constant during ageing at 150 ℃. Besides, the strain fields produced by T’ and η’ phases were analyzed by using the geometric phase analysis technique, and on a macroscale the contributions of T’ and η’ phases to precipitation strengthening have been quantitatively predicted by combining the size, phase fraction and number density of precipitates.

Dynamic transcriptional atlas of male germ cells during porcine puberty

DEAR EDITOR,Spermatogenesis is the process by which male gametes are formed from spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)and it is essential for the reliable transmission of genetic information between generations.After birth,prospermatogonia(ProSG)give rise to SSCs.While mouse spermatogenesis is relatively well studied,we are only just beginning to unravel this process in larger animals.Here,we analyzed key developmental transitions and differentiation trajectories by profiling neonatal,juvenile,and adult testes through single-cell sequencing(scRNA-seq).We found that SSCs were established at 30 days old,and that CDH1 was a novel cell surface marker for porcine ProSG and undifferentiated spermatogonia.

Detection of Antibody to Hepatitis Delta Virus in Human Serum by Double Antigen Sandwich ELISA

A simple rapid detection of antibody to hepatitis delta virus (anti-HDV) in human serum was developed by using double antigen sandwich ELISA. HDV gene fragment encoding HDAg was isolated from a Chinese patient infected with HDV by RT-PCR, and a high-efficient expression HD-PQE31 strain was constructed with the fragment. We obtained high titer and good quality hepatitis delta virus protein purified by Ni-NTA metal-affinity chromatography, which was identified by Western blot and ELISA, then we set up the double antigen sandwich ELISA for detection of anti-HDV in human serum, and the performance of the sandwich ELISA was evaluated in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Results were: 1) The purified HDAg protein’s purity was 90%, and its ELISA titer was 1/100 000. 2) 42 anti-HDV positive sera were detected and showed that the sensitivity of sandwich ELISA was higher than that of competitive ELISA (t=2.44, p<0.01). 3) The inhibitory rates for 2 anti-HDV positive sera by the specific HDAg were 74% and 93% respectively. 4) For the assay of specificity, all 60 samples infected by other hepatitis viruses and 30 normal samples were negative for anti-HDV. These results suggested that the double antigen sandwich ELISA with purified recombinant HDAg showed higher specificity and sensitivity, It can be used in routine laboratories to diagnose the HDV infection.

Profound loss of microbial necromass carbon in permafrost thaw-subsidence in the central Tibetan Plateau

Climate warming is causing rapid permafrost degradation,including thaw-induced subsidence,potentially resulting in heightened carbon release.Nevertheless,our understanding of the levels and variations of carbon components in permafrost,particularly during the degradation process,remains limited.The uncertainties arising from this process lead to inaccurate assessments of the climate effects during permafrost degradation.With vast expanses of permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau,there is limited research available on SOC components,particularly in the central Tibetan Plateau.Given remarkable variations in hydrothermal conditions across different areas of the Tibetan Plateau,the existing limited studies make it challenging to assess the overall SOC components in the permafrost across the Tibetan Plateau and simulate their future changes.In this study,we examined the properties of soil organic carbon(SOC)and microbial necromass carbon(MicrobialNC)in a representative permafrost thaw-subsidence area at the southern edge of continuous permafrost in the central Tibetan Plateau.The results indicate that prior to the thaw-subsidence,the permafrost had a SOC content of 72.68±18.53 mg g^(-1),with MicrobialNC accounting for 49.6%.The thaw-subsidence of permafrost led to a 56.4%reduction in SOC,with MicrobialNC accounting for 70.0%of the lost SOC.MicrobialNC constitutes the primary component of permafrost SOC,and it is the main component that is lost during thaw-subsidence formation.Changes in MicrobialNC are primarily correlated with factors pH,plant input,and microbial properties.The present study holds crucial implications for both the ecological and biogeochemical processes associated with carbon release from permafrost,and it furnishes essential data necessary for modeling the global response of permafrost to climate warming.Based on this study and previous research,permafrost thawing in the Tibetan Plateau causes substantial loss of SOC.However,there's remarkable heterogeneity in SOC component changes across different regions,warranting further in-depth investigation.

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Cupping

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Cupping,developed under the leadership of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,was approved by WFAS.This technical benchmark was issued on October 9,2023,and implemented on December 31,2023.The main contents include the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,procedures and rules,and safety.This article focuses on the above contents,an outlook on the application,popularization,and update plan of this technical benchmark is proposed.

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Moxibustion

Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Moxibustion was organized by the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies and the revision was led by Anhui University of Chinese Medicine.This document was first issued in 2013,known as Moxibustion Manipulation.The technical benchmark of moxibustion include scope,normative reference,terms and definitions,operation and requirement and safety.This article introduces the above contents,explains the difficulties in the revision and give the suggestions for the application and popularization of this standard.

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Migraine recommendation summaries

Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Migraine(WFAS 007.9-2023)is a clinical practice guideline officially released by the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)on October 9,2023,and is the first international guideline on the treatment of migraine with acupuncture.This international standard was developed under the guidance of rigorous evidence-based methodology,and it contains guideline purpose,scope,applicable population,applicable settings,overview of acupuncture for migraine,guideline development process and recommendations.For promoting the understanding and application of this guideline,this article summarizes a total of 18 recommendations in order to assist clinical decisions for migraine with acupuncture.

Application of silica-alumina as hydrothermally stable supports for Pt catalysts for acid-assisted soot oxidation

In this work,silica-alumina mixed oxides with different SiO_(2)contents(5%and 30%)were adopted as acidic supports for platinum catalysts for soot oxidation.The obtained catalysts were hydrothermally aged in 10%H_(2)0/air at 750℃for 20 h.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),N_(2)adsorption,inductively coupled plasma(ICP),CO chemisorption,NH3temperature-programmed desorption(TPD),infrared(IR)spectroscopy of CO adsorption,temperature-programmed oxidation(TPO)of NO,and TPD of NO_(x).The surface acidity of catalyst was positive correlated with the content of SiO_(2),which kept platinum in metallic and partially oxidized states in an oxidizing atmosphere.Compared with sulfation treatment on the alumina support,the application of SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)mixed oxides does not result in the coverage of Pt active sites and the prepared catalysts exhibit excellent activity for NO oxidation.They promote NOxpreferential adsorption on soot and decomposition of surface oxygenated compounds(SOCs)as the sulfated Pt/Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst does.

Non-climate environmental factors matter to Holocene dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in an alpine permafrost wetland,Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau

Studies on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen dynamics to Holocene climate and environment in permafrost peatlands and/or wetlands might serve as analogues for future scenarios,and they can help predict the fate of the frozen SOC and nitrogen under a warming climate.To date,little is known about these issues on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau(QTP).Here,we investigated the accumulations of SOC and nitrogen in a permafrost wetland on the northeastern QTP,and analyzed their links with Holocene climatic and environmental changes.In order to do so,we studied grain size,soil organic matter,SOC,and nitrogen contents,bulk density,geochemical parameters,and the accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)^(14)C dating of the 216-cm-deep wetland profile.SOC and nitrogen contents revealed a general uptrend over last 7300 years.SOC stocks for depths of 0-100 and 0-200 cm were 50.1 and 79.0 kgC m^(-2),respectively,and nitrogen stocks for the same depths were 4.3 and 6.6 kgN m^(-2),respectively.Overall,a cooling and drying trend for regional climate over last 7300 years was inferred from the declining chemical weathering and humidity index.Meanwhile,SOC and nitrogen accumulated rapidly in 1110e720 BP,while apparent accumulation rates of SOC and nitrogen were much lower during the other periods of the last 7300 years.Consequently,we proposed a probable conceptual framework for the concordant development of syngenetic permafrost and SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost wetlands.This indicates that,apart from controls of climate,non-climate environmental factors,such as dust deposition and site hydrology,matter to SOC and nitrogen accumulations in permafrost wetlands.We emphasized that environmental changes driven by climate change have important impacts on SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost wetlands.This study could provide data support for regional and global estimates of SOC and nitrogen pools and for global models on carbon‒climate interactions that take into account of alpine permafrost wetlands on the northeastern QTP at mid-latitudes.

A novel insight into enhanced propane combustion performance on PtUSY catalyst

Platinum was supported on c-AlOand ultrastable Y zeolite(USY) by an incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, transmission electron microscopy(TEM),CO/CHisothermal oxidations, NHtemperature-programmed desorption(NH–TPD) and infrared(IR) spectroscopy of adsorbed probe molecules(CO, CHand CH+ O). Compared with Pt/AlO, Pt USY catalyst shows obviously higher activity for the combustion of propane. After estimating the size effect of Pt particles and propane adsorption capacity of USY, the excellent activity of Pt USY is also attributed to the strong interactions between the precious metal and the acidic zeolite. It inhibits the oxidation of Pt in an oxygen-rich atmosphere at high temperatures, which facilitate the initial oxidation step involving the C–H bond activation on metallic Pt as reflected by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fouriertransformed(DRIFT) spectra.

Investigation of international demand for Clinical Practice Guidelines of Acupuncture and moxibustion:A cross-sectional study

Objective:This study aims to get the medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion in the countries and regions where the society members of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)are located,including the educational background of acupuncture and moxibustion practitioners and the local clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion,and the demands of the content and evidence types of Clinical Practice Guidelines(CPGs)of acupuncture and moxibustion in accordance with WFAS standards,so as to provide requirements and reference principles for the development of CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion in accordance with WFAS standards.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to collect the questionnaires,and the WFAS secretariat distributed the questionnaires to 294 contacts of society members from 70 countries and regions in the form of Questionnaire Star four times in April 2020,July 2020,March 2021,and April 2021 respectively.They were then distributed to individual members of acupuncture-moxibustion societies by the contacts.The study content involved the basic information of respondents,including their nationality,occupation,educational background of acupuncture and moxibustion,their local clinical practice and medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion,as well as their demand for CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion,etc.After the questionnaires were collected,the data were analyzed and described by quantitative research method.Results:In all,302 respondents from 37 countries of six continents responded.The 302 respondents were members of the WFAS society members.(1)Basic information of respondents.They all had acupuncture and moxibustion learning experience,among which,76.5%(231/302)had the education background of acupuncture and moxibustion professional college training,and 88.4%(267/302)had experience of acupuncture and moxibustion clinical practice.Acupuncturists or traditional Chinese medicine doctors accounted for 63.9%(193/302),western medicine doctors,nurses,and pharmacists accounted for 18.2%(55/302),and researchers and teachers accounted for 6.3%(19/302).(2)Local clinical practice and medical management of acupuncture and moxibustion.The level of clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion varies greatly among the regions where the WFAS society members lived.Among them,more countries in Europe have not included acupuncture and moxibustion in medical insurance than those in other continents(x^(2)=26.049,P<0.01),and more countries have not included acupuncture and moxibustion in public hospital treatment system than those in other continents(x^(2)=113.488,P<0.01).(3)Demand for CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion.A total of 93.0%(281/302)respondents believed that WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion would be helpful for their local practice.The order of their demand and concern for WFAS CPGs was:acupuncture manipulation>latest progress of acupuncture treatment>choice of acupuncture therapies>safety of acupuncture and moxibustion>combination of acupuncture and other programs.A total of 87.4%(264/302)respondents believed that ancient classics could guide clinical practice,and the ancient literature should be used as evidence for the development of guidelines.Conclusion:The respondents are those future practitioners of CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion conforming to WFAS standards.Commonly they have clinical practice experience and professional education background.They believe that guidelines will be of help to the clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion,hope that WFAS CPGs would recommend effective guidelines for acupuncture manipulation and provide the latest progress in acupuncture treatment and so on,and they believe that classical ancient books can guide their clinical practice.It indicates the necessity and feasibility of formulating the WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion.In view of the results of this study,it is suggested that the formulation process of WFAS CPGs of acupuncture and moxibustion should take into account the clinical practice level of acupuncture and moxibustion in each region,as well as its legislation and management situation of acupuncture and moxibustion,so as to meet the needs of users as much as possible.

Controlled pore size of Pt/KIT-6 used for propane total oxidation

Mesoporous silica KIT-6 with different pore sizes was controllably synthesized by hydrothermal meth- ods. The same contents of Pt were loaded on KIT-6 sup- ports to apply for propane total oxidation. Low-angle X-ray diffraction （XRD）, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, CO chemisorption and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were carried out to investigate the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The results reveal that different pore sizes of KIT-6 supports could affect the Pt particle sizes on KIT-6. The mesopores on KIT-6-80 and KIT-6- 130 effectively confine the size of the inside Pt nanopar- ticles during calcining. Pt/KIT-6-80 with the appropriate pore size as well as the Pt particle size exhibits the best catalytic performance with T50 （the temperature at which hydrocarbon （HC） conversion reaches 50%） of only 237 ℃. However, Pt particles prefer dispersing on the external surface of KIT-6-40 due to those too small pores.

Plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution with photon subtraction

Plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol can effectively solve the security loopholes associated with transmitting local oscillator (LO). However, this protocol has larger excess noise compared with one-way Gaussian-modulated coherent-states scheme, which limits the maximal transmission distance to a certain degree. In this paper, we show a reliable solution for this problem by employing non-Gaussian operation, especially, photon subtraction operation, which provides a way to improve the performance of plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated CVQKD protocol. The photon subtraction operation shows experimental feasibility in the plug-andplay configuration since it can be implemented under current technology. Security results indicate that the photon subtraction operation can evidently enhance the maximal transmission distance of the plug-and-play dual-phase-modulated CVQKD protocol, which effectively makes up the drawback of the original one. Furthermore, we achieve the tighter bound of the transmission distance by considering the finite-size effect, which is more practical compared with that achieved in the asymptotic limit.

China Association of Acupuncture–Moxibustion Evidence-based clinical practice guideline of acupuncture and moxibustion: Primary dysmenorrhea

Dysmenorrhea refers to periodic abdominal pain,or radiating to lumbosacral region.For the severe case,it is intolerable,combined with nausea and vomiting sometimes.This disease is commonly seen in unmarried young women.Epidemiological studies have shown that dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disease,especially in young women[1].Acupuncture and moxibustion have a long history in the treatm ent of primary dysmenorrhea(hereinafter referred to as PD),and compared with medication,the advantages are presented in the treatment.Entrusted by the Standardization Working Committee of China Association for Acupuncture and Moxibustion(CAAM),Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine has undertaken the drafting of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Primary Dysmenorrhea(hereinafter referred to as the Guideline).The Guideline was issued in 2014 by CAAM.It summarizes the research achievements in acupuncture-moxibustion treatm ent for dysmenorrhea in recent decades and is intended to standardize the clinical regimen of treatm ent with acupuncture and moxibustion so as to improve the clinical effect.