Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata （E. ebracteolata） is a Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of tumor diseases. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-...Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata （E. ebracteolata） is a Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of tumor diseases. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） based chemical profiling approach was established for the rapid separation and characterization on phloroglucinol derivatives and diterpenes in E. ebracteolata. Three phloroglucinol derivatives and nine diterpenes were identified by exact mass measurement and were further confirmed by Ms2 data. In addition, the chemical profiles of six compounds were acquired by reference standards. Furthermore, the fragmentation rules of phloroglucinol derivatives and diterpenes of E. ebracteolata were analyzed, and each chromatographic peak was classified.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism and micro-inflammatory state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome. Metho...Objective: To study the effect of DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism and micro-inflammatory state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome who were treated in the hospital between February 2015 and December 2016 were divided into control group (n=30) and observation group (n=30) according to the random number table method. Control group received metformin therapy alone, observation group received DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin therapy, and the differences in levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups of patients before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in glucose and lipid metabolism index levels in peripheral blood as well as inflammatory factor contents in serum were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, the levels of glucose metabolism indexes FPG, FPI and HOMA-IR as well as lipid metabolism indexes TG and TC in peripheral blood of observation group were lower than those of control group while HDL-C level was higher than that of control group;the contents of inflammatory factors IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in serum were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin therapy is more effective in controlling the glucose and lipid metabolism process and inhibiting the micro-inflammatory state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal resection is associated with 3-5 wk long elevations in the plasma levels of at least 11 proangiogenic proteins that may stimulate tumor angiogenesis postsurgery.The increases during the first wee...BACKGROUND Colorectal resection is associated with 3-5 wk long elevations in the plasma levels of at least 11 proangiogenic proteins that may stimulate tumor angiogenesis postsurgery.The increases during the first week after surgery may be related to the acute inflammatory response;the cause(s)of the week 2-5 increases is unknown.The wounds are a possible source because of the important role that angiogenesis plays in the healing process.The main hypothesis of the study is that wound fluid levels of the proteins studied will be elevated well beyond plasma levels which,in turn,are elevated from preoperative baseline levels.AIM To determine plasma and wound fluid levels of 8 proangiogenic proteins after colorectal resection for cancer and benign pathology.METHODS Blood and wound fluid samples were taken simultaneously on postoperative(postop)day 1,3,and later time points until wound drain removal in 35 colorectal cancer patients and 31 benign disease patients undergoing colorectal resection in whom closed wound drains had been placed in either the pelvis or the subcutaneous space of the abdominal incision.Postop plasma levels were compared to preop plasma and postop wound fluid levels(separate analyses for cancer and benign groups).RESULTS Sixty-six colorectal disease patients were studied(35 cancer,31 benign pathology).Most patients underwent minimally invasive surgery(open surgery in 11%of cancer and 6%of benign patients).The majority in the cancer group had rectal resections while in the benign group sigmoid or right colectomy predominated.Plasma levels of all 8 proteins were significantly elevated from baseline (P<0.05) at all post-operative time points in the cancer group and at 90% of time points(29/32) in the benign group.Wound levels of all 8 proteins were 3-106 times higher (P<0.05) than plasma levels at 87-90 percent of postop time points;of note,wound levels were more than 10 times higher at 47-50% of time points.CONCLUSION Plasma protein levels were elevated for 3 weeks after surgery;wound fluid levels were much greater than corresponding blood levels.Healing wounds may be the source of the plasma increases.展开更多
Developing a widely-used reactive force field is meaningful to explore the fundamental reaction mechanism on gas-surface chemical reaction dynamics due to its very high computational efficiency. We here present a stud...Developing a widely-used reactive force field is meaningful to explore the fundamental reaction mechanism on gas-surface chemical reaction dynamics due to its very high computational efficiency. We here present a study of hydrogen and its deuterated molecules dissociation on Pd surfaces based on a full-dimensional potential energy surface （PES） constructed by using a simple second moment approximation reactive force field （SMA RFF）. Although the descriptions of the adsorbate-substrate interaction contain only the dissociation reaction of H2/Pd（111） system, a good transferability of SMA potential energy surface （PES） is shown to investigate the hydrogen dissociation on Pd（100）. Our simulation results show that, the dissociation probabilities of H2 and its deuterated molecules on Pd（111） and Pd（100） surfaces keep non-monotonous variations with respect to the incident energy Ei, which is in good agreement with the previous ab initio molecular dynamics. Furthermore, for the oriented molecules, the dissociation probabilities of the oriented H2 （D2 and T2） molecule have the same orientation dependence behavior as those oriented HD （HT and DT） molecules.展开更多
Most three-dimensional(3D)and two-dimensional(2D)boron nitride(BN)structures are wide-band-gap insulators.Here,we propose two BN monolayers having Dirac points and flat bands,respectively.One monolayer is named as 5-7...Most three-dimensional(3D)and two-dimensional(2D)boron nitride(BN)structures are wide-band-gap insulators.Here,we propose two BN monolayers having Dirac points and flat bands,respectively.One monolayer is named as 5-7 BN that consists of five-and seven-membered rings.The other is a Kagome BN made of triangular boron rings and nitrogen dimers.The two structures show not only good dynamic and thermodynamic stabilities but also novel electronic properties.The 5-7 BN has Dirac points on the Fermi level,indicating that the structure is a typical Dirac material.The Kagome BN has double flat bands just below the Fermi level,and thus there are heavy fermions in the structure.The flat-band-induced ferromagnetism is also revealed.We analyze the origination of the band structures by partial density of states and projection of orbitals.In addition,a possible route to experimentally grow the two structures on some suitable substrates such as the PbO2(111)surface and the CdO(111)surface is also discussed,respectively.Our research not only extends understanding on the electronic properties of BN structures,but also may expand the applications of BN materials in 2D electronic devices.展开更多
The physics of flat band is novel and rich but difficult to access.In this regard,recently twisting of bilayer van der Waals(vd W)-bounded two-dimensional(2 D)materials has attracted much attention,because the reducti...The physics of flat band is novel and rich but difficult to access.In this regard,recently twisting of bilayer van der Waals(vd W)-bounded two-dimensional(2 D)materials has attracted much attention,because the reduction of Brillouin zone will eventually lead to a diminishing kinetic energy.Alternatively,one may start with a 2 D kagome lattice,which already possesses flat bands at the Fermi level,but unfortunately these bands connect quadratically to other(dispersive)bands,leading to undesirable effects.Here,we propose,by first-principles calculation and tight-binding modeling,that the same bilayer twisting approach can be used to isolate the kagome flat bands.As the starting kinetic energy is already vanishingly small,the interlayer vd W potential is always sufficiently large irrespective of the twisting angle.As such the electronic states in the(connected)flat bands become unstable against a spontaneous Wigner crystallization,which is expected to have interesting interplays with other flat-band phenomena such as novel superconductivity and anomalous quantum Hall effect.展开更多
An ideal type-Ⅲnodal point is generated by crossing a completely flat band and a dispersive band along a certain momentum direction.To date,the type-Ⅲnodal points found in two-dimensional(2D)materials have been most...An ideal type-Ⅲnodal point is generated by crossing a completely flat band and a dispersive band along a certain momentum direction.To date,the type-Ⅲnodal points found in two-dimensional(2D)materials have been mostly accidental and random rather than ideal cases,and no one mentions what kind of lattice can produce ideal nodal points.Here,we propose that ideal type-Ⅲnodal points can be obtained in a diamond-like lattice.The flat bands in the lattice originate from destructive interference of wavefunctions,and thus are intrinsic and robust.Moreover,the specific lattice can be realized in some 2D carbon networks,such as T-graphene and its derivatives.All the carbon structures possess type-ⅢDirac points.In two of the structures,consisting of triangular carbon rings,the type-ⅢDirac points are located just on the Fermi level and the Fermi surface is very clean.Our research not only opens a door to finding the ideal type-ⅢDirac points,but also provides 2D materials for exploring their physical properties experimentally.展开更多
Objective:This study compared spindles,cytoskeleton,and developmental potential between vitrified and slow-frozen oocytes using PolScope and electron microscopy.Methods:Oocytes were randomly divided into control,slow ...Objective:This study compared spindles,cytoskeleton,and developmental potential between vitrified and slow-frozen oocytes using PolScope and electron microscopy.Methods:Oocytes were randomly divided into control,slow freeze-thaw,and vitrification freeze-thaw groups(0,1,and 3 h).PolScope was used to observe spindles,angle of spindles to the first polar bodies,surface areas of oocytes,and lining and outer ret of zona pellucida.Surfaces and ultrastructure of oocytes were observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.These measures were used to characterize the impacts of two freezing methods on the developmental capacity of human oocytes.Results:The visible frequency of spindle formation was 92.4%,56.4%,11.2%,24.8%,and 61.1%in control group,slow freeze-thaw group,and the three vitrification freeze-thaw groups(0,1,and 3 h),respectively.Compared to oocytes in the slow freeze group,the angle of the spindle to the first polar body in oocytes in the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw group was less(37.3°vs.68°,P=0.023).No significant differences were observed between the surface area of oocytes,or lining and outer ret of oocyte zona pellucida between freeze-thaw in these same two groups.Microvilli appeared normal.However,protrusions on oocyte surfaces were increased,and microvilli were laid down on the membrane surface in the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw group in comparison to the slow-freeze group.Similar comparisons showed better recovery of perivitelline space and mitochondria between the 3-h vitrified and slow-frozen groups.Bipronuclear(2PN)fertilization rate observed in the slow-freeze group(65.7%)was lower than the rate seen in controls(79.2%,P=0.041).No significant differences were observed in 2PN fertilization,cleavage,and blastocyst formation rates between the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw and control groups.Conclusions:Results suggest that vitrification freeze-thaw for oocyte cryopreservation was a better choice than slow freeze-thaw.展开更多
基金supported by National Science and Technology Support Program and Drug Safety Critical Technology (2006BAI14B00)funding subject-Common and Important Drug Safety Standards(2006BAI14B01)
文摘Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata （E. ebracteolata） is a Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of tumor diseases. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） based chemical profiling approach was established for the rapid separation and characterization on phloroglucinol derivatives and diterpenes in E. ebracteolata. Three phloroglucinol derivatives and nine diterpenes were identified by exact mass measurement and were further confirmed by Ms2 data. In addition, the chemical profiles of six compounds were acquired by reference standards. Furthermore, the fragmentation rules of phloroglucinol derivatives and diterpenes of E. ebracteolata were analyzed, and each chromatographic peak was classified.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism and micro-inflammatory state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome who were treated in the hospital between February 2015 and December 2016 were divided into control group (n=30) and observation group (n=30) according to the random number table method. Control group received metformin therapy alone, observation group received DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin therapy, and the differences in levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups of patients before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in glucose and lipid metabolism index levels in peripheral blood as well as inflammatory factor contents in serum were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, the levels of glucose metabolism indexes FPG, FPI and HOMA-IR as well as lipid metabolism indexes TG and TC in peripheral blood of observation group were lower than those of control group while HDL-C level was higher than that of control group;the contents of inflammatory factors IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in serum were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: DPP-4 inhibitor combined with metformin therapy is more effective in controlling the glucose and lipid metabolism process and inhibiting the micro-inflammatory state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by metabolic syndrome.
基金Supported by a generous donation from the Thompson Family Foundation to the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery,Department of Surgery,Mount Sinai West Hospital,New York
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal resection is associated with 3-5 wk long elevations in the plasma levels of at least 11 proangiogenic proteins that may stimulate tumor angiogenesis postsurgery.The increases during the first week after surgery may be related to the acute inflammatory response;the cause(s)of the week 2-5 increases is unknown.The wounds are a possible source because of the important role that angiogenesis plays in the healing process.The main hypothesis of the study is that wound fluid levels of the proteins studied will be elevated well beyond plasma levels which,in turn,are elevated from preoperative baseline levels.AIM To determine plasma and wound fluid levels of 8 proangiogenic proteins after colorectal resection for cancer and benign pathology.METHODS Blood and wound fluid samples were taken simultaneously on postoperative(postop)day 1,3,and later time points until wound drain removal in 35 colorectal cancer patients and 31 benign disease patients undergoing colorectal resection in whom closed wound drains had been placed in either the pelvis or the subcutaneous space of the abdominal incision.Postop plasma levels were compared to preop plasma and postop wound fluid levels(separate analyses for cancer and benign groups).RESULTS Sixty-six colorectal disease patients were studied(35 cancer,31 benign pathology).Most patients underwent minimally invasive surgery(open surgery in 11%of cancer and 6%of benign patients).The majority in the cancer group had rectal resections while in the benign group sigmoid or right colectomy predominated.Plasma levels of all 8 proteins were significantly elevated from baseline (P<0.05) at all post-operative time points in the cancer group and at 90% of time points(29/32) in the benign group.Wound levels of all 8 proteins were 3-106 times higher (P<0.05) than plasma levels at 87-90 percent of postop time points;of note,wound levels were more than 10 times higher at 47-50% of time points.CONCLUSION Plasma protein levels were elevated for 3 weeks after surgery;wound fluid levels were much greater than corresponding blood levels.Healing wounds may be the source of the plasma increases.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.21506053） and Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation Project （KYY15023）.
文摘Developing a widely-used reactive force field is meaningful to explore the fundamental reaction mechanism on gas-surface chemical reaction dynamics due to its very high computational efficiency. We here present a study of hydrogen and its deuterated molecules dissociation on Pd surfaces based on a full-dimensional potential energy surface （PES） constructed by using a simple second moment approximation reactive force field （SMA RFF）. Although the descriptions of the adsorbate-substrate interaction contain only the dissociation reaction of H2/Pd（111） system, a good transferability of SMA potential energy surface （PES） is shown to investigate the hydrogen dissociation on Pd（100）. Our simulation results show that, the dissociation probabilities of H2 and its deuterated molecules on Pd（111） and Pd（100） surfaces keep non-monotonous variations with respect to the incident energy Ei, which is in good agreement with the previous ab initio molecular dynamics. Furthermore, for the oriented molecules, the dissociation probabilities of the oriented H2 （D2 and T2） molecule have the same orientation dependence behavior as those oriented HD （HT and DT） molecules.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11874314)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2018JJ2377).
文摘Most three-dimensional(3D)and two-dimensional(2D)boron nitride(BN)structures are wide-band-gap insulators.Here,we propose two BN monolayers having Dirac points and flat bands,respectively.One monolayer is named as 5-7 BN that consists of five-and seven-membered rings.The other is a Kagome BN made of triangular boron rings and nitrogen dimers.The two structures show not only good dynamic and thermodynamic stabilities but also novel electronic properties.The 5-7 BN has Dirac points on the Fermi level,indicating that the structure is a typical Dirac material.The Kagome BN has double flat bands just below the Fermi level,and thus there are heavy fermions in the structure.The flat-band-induced ferromagnetism is also revealed.We analyze the origination of the band structures by partial density of states and projection of orbitals.In addition,a possible route to experimentally grow the two structures on some suitable substrates such as the PbO2(111)surface and the CdO(111)surface is also discussed,respectively.Our research not only extends understanding on the electronic properties of BN structures,but also may expand the applications of BN materials in 2D electronic devices.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11874314)supported by U.S.DOE under Grant No.DE-SC0002623。
文摘The physics of flat band is novel and rich but difficult to access.In this regard,recently twisting of bilayer van der Waals(vd W)-bounded two-dimensional(2 D)materials has attracted much attention,because the reduction of Brillouin zone will eventually lead to a diminishing kinetic energy.Alternatively,one may start with a 2 D kagome lattice,which already possesses flat bands at the Fermi level,but unfortunately these bands connect quadratically to other(dispersive)bands,leading to undesirable effects.Here,we propose,by first-principles calculation and tight-binding modeling,that the same bilayer twisting approach can be used to isolate the kagome flat bands.As the starting kinetic energy is already vanishingly small,the interlayer vd W potential is always sufficiently large irrespective of the twisting angle.As such the electronic states in the(connected)flat bands become unstable against a spontaneous Wigner crystallization,which is expected to have interesting interplays with other flat-band phenomena such as novel superconductivity and anomalous quantum Hall effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174157,12074150,and 11874314)。
文摘An ideal type-Ⅲnodal point is generated by crossing a completely flat band and a dispersive band along a certain momentum direction.To date,the type-Ⅲnodal points found in two-dimensional(2D)materials have been mostly accidental and random rather than ideal cases,and no one mentions what kind of lattice can produce ideal nodal points.Here,we propose that ideal type-Ⅲnodal points can be obtained in a diamond-like lattice.The flat bands in the lattice originate from destructive interference of wavefunctions,and thus are intrinsic and robust.Moreover,the specific lattice can be realized in some 2D carbon networks,such as T-graphene and its derivatives.All the carbon structures possess type-ⅢDirac points.In two of the structures,consisting of triangular carbon rings,the type-ⅢDirac points are located just on the Fermi level and the Fermi surface is very clean.Our research not only opens a door to finding the ideal type-ⅢDirac points,but also provides 2D materials for exploring their physical properties experimentally.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701419 and No.81571418).
文摘Objective:This study compared spindles,cytoskeleton,and developmental potential between vitrified and slow-frozen oocytes using PolScope and electron microscopy.Methods:Oocytes were randomly divided into control,slow freeze-thaw,and vitrification freeze-thaw groups(0,1,and 3 h).PolScope was used to observe spindles,angle of spindles to the first polar bodies,surface areas of oocytes,and lining and outer ret of zona pellucida.Surfaces and ultrastructure of oocytes were observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.These measures were used to characterize the impacts of two freezing methods on the developmental capacity of human oocytes.Results:The visible frequency of spindle formation was 92.4%,56.4%,11.2%,24.8%,and 61.1%in control group,slow freeze-thaw group,and the three vitrification freeze-thaw groups(0,1,and 3 h),respectively.Compared to oocytes in the slow freeze group,the angle of the spindle to the first polar body in oocytes in the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw group was less(37.3°vs.68°,P=0.023).No significant differences were observed between the surface area of oocytes,or lining and outer ret of oocyte zona pellucida between freeze-thaw in these same two groups.Microvilli appeared normal.However,protrusions on oocyte surfaces were increased,and microvilli were laid down on the membrane surface in the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw group in comparison to the slow-freeze group.Similar comparisons showed better recovery of perivitelline space and mitochondria between the 3-h vitrified and slow-frozen groups.Bipronuclear(2PN)fertilization rate observed in the slow-freeze group(65.7%)was lower than the rate seen in controls(79.2%,P=0.041).No significant differences were observed in 2PN fertilization,cleavage,and blastocyst formation rates between the 3-h vitrification freeze-thaw and control groups.Conclusions:Results suggest that vitrification freeze-thaw for oocyte cryopreservation was a better choice than slow freeze-thaw.
