BACKGROUND Erythrocyte alloantibodies are mainly produced after immune stimulation,such as blood transfusion,pregnancy,and transplantation,and are the leading causes of severe hemolytic transfusion reactions and diffi...BACKGROUND Erythrocyte alloantibodies are mainly produced after immune stimulation,such as blood transfusion,pregnancy,and transplantation,and are the leading causes of severe hemolytic transfusion reactions and difficulty in blood grouping and matching.Therefore,antibody screening is critical to prevent and improve red cell alloantibodies.Routine tube assay is the primary detection method of antibody screening.Recently,erythrocyte-magnetized technology(EMT)has been increasingly used in clinical practice.This study intends to probe the application and efficacy of the conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration to provide a reference for clinical blood transfusion.AIM To investigate the application value of conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration and enhance the safety of blood transfusion practice.METHODS A total of 1298 blood samples were harvested from blood donors at the Department of Blood Transfusion of our hospital from March 2021 to December 2022.A 5 mL blood sample was collected in tubing,which was then cut,and the whole blood was put into a test tube for centrifugation to separate the serum.Different red blood cell blood group antibody titers were simultaneously detected using the tube polybrene test,tube antiglobulin test(AGT),and EMT screening irregular antibody methods to determine the best test method.RESULTS Simultaneous detection was performed through the tube polybrene test,tube AGT and EMT screening irregular antibodies.It was discovered that the EMT screening irregular antibody method could detect all immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)irregular antibodies,and the results of manual tube AGT were satisfactory,but the operation time was lengthy,and the equipment had a large footprint.The EMT screening irregular antibody assay was also conducted to determine its activity against type O Rh(D)red blood cells,and the outcomes were satisfactory.Furthermore,compared to the conventional tube method,the EMT screening irregular antibody method was more cost-effective and had significantly higher detection efficiency.CONCLUSION With a higher detection rate,the EMT screening irregular antibody method can detect both IgG and IgM irregular antibodies faster and more effectively than the conventional tube method.展开更多
T cell activation is a main component of adaptive immunity,which involves two types of signals transmitted by key immune receptors upon engagement with their respective ligands present on the antigen-presenting cells(...T cell activation is a main component of adaptive immunity,which involves two types of signals transmitted by key immune receptors upon engagement with their respective ligands present on the antigen-presenting cells(APCs)[1].The first signal is induced via the T cell receptor(TCR)upon binding to antigenic peptide–major histocompatibility complex(pMHC);the second signal is induced via the costimulatory receptors,the prototype of which is CD28,which can bind to either B7-1(also known as CD80)or B7-2(also known as CD86)[2,3].展开更多
A simple and effective photochemical method was developed for cross-linking of polymer gate dielectrics. Laborious synthetic processes for functionalizing polymer dielectrics with photo-cross-linkable groups were avoi...A simple and effective photochemical method was developed for cross-linking of polymer gate dielectrics. Laborious synthetic processes for functionalizing polymer dielectrics with photo-cross-linkable groups were avoided. The photo-cross-linker, BBP-4, was added into host polymers by simple solution blending process, which was capable of abstracting hydrogen atoms from polymers containing active C--H groups upon exposure to ultraviolet （UV） radiation. The cross-linking can be completed with a relatively long wavelength UV light （365 nm）. The approach has been applied to methacrylate and styrenic polymers such as commercial poly（methylmethacrylate） （PMMA）, poly（iso-butylmethacrylate） （PiBMA） and poly（4-methylstyrene） （PMS）. The cross-linked networks enhanced dielectric properties and solvent resistance of the thin films. The bottom-gate organic field-effect transistors （OFETs） through all solution processes on plastic substrate were fabricated. The OFET devices showed low voltage operation and steep subthreshold swing at relatively small gate dielectric capacitance.展开更多
基金Supported by Project of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission,No.2021144.
文摘BACKGROUND Erythrocyte alloantibodies are mainly produced after immune stimulation,such as blood transfusion,pregnancy,and transplantation,and are the leading causes of severe hemolytic transfusion reactions and difficulty in blood grouping and matching.Therefore,antibody screening is critical to prevent and improve red cell alloantibodies.Routine tube assay is the primary detection method of antibody screening.Recently,erythrocyte-magnetized technology(EMT)has been increasingly used in clinical practice.This study intends to probe the application and efficacy of the conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration to provide a reference for clinical blood transfusion.AIM To investigate the application value of conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration and enhance the safety of blood transfusion practice.METHODS A total of 1298 blood samples were harvested from blood donors at the Department of Blood Transfusion of our hospital from March 2021 to December 2022.A 5 mL blood sample was collected in tubing,which was then cut,and the whole blood was put into a test tube for centrifugation to separate the serum.Different red blood cell blood group antibody titers were simultaneously detected using the tube polybrene test,tube antiglobulin test(AGT),and EMT screening irregular antibody methods to determine the best test method.RESULTS Simultaneous detection was performed through the tube polybrene test,tube AGT and EMT screening irregular antibodies.It was discovered that the EMT screening irregular antibody method could detect all immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)irregular antibodies,and the results of manual tube AGT were satisfactory,but the operation time was lengthy,and the equipment had a large footprint.The EMT screening irregular antibody assay was also conducted to determine its activity against type O Rh(D)red blood cells,and the outcomes were satisfactory.Furthermore,compared to the conventional tube method,the EMT screening irregular antibody method was more cost-effective and had significantly higher detection efficiency.CONCLUSION With a higher detection rate,the EMT screening irregular antibody method can detect both IgG and IgM irregular antibodies faster and more effectively than the conventional tube method.
基金supported by institutional grants from INSERM and CNRS and by specific grants from CNRS(CNRS IRP CHOLESTIM)the Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR-10-BLAN-1509+1 种基金ANR-11-LABX-Investissement d’Avenir Labex-INFORMANR-17CE15-0032)。
文摘T cell activation is a main component of adaptive immunity,which involves two types of signals transmitted by key immune receptors upon engagement with their respective ligands present on the antigen-presenting cells(APCs)[1].The first signal is induced via the T cell receptor(TCR)upon binding to antigenic peptide–major histocompatibility complex(pMHC);the second signal is induced via the costimulatory receptors,the prototype of which is CD28,which can bind to either B7-1(also known as CD80)or B7-2(also known as CD86)[2,3].
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21674060,21274087,61674102,and 61334008)National Key R&D Program (No.2016YFB0401100)
文摘A simple and effective photochemical method was developed for cross-linking of polymer gate dielectrics. Laborious synthetic processes for functionalizing polymer dielectrics with photo-cross-linkable groups were avoided. The photo-cross-linker, BBP-4, was added into host polymers by simple solution blending process, which was capable of abstracting hydrogen atoms from polymers containing active C--H groups upon exposure to ultraviolet （UV） radiation. The cross-linking can be completed with a relatively long wavelength UV light （365 nm）. The approach has been applied to methacrylate and styrenic polymers such as commercial poly（methylmethacrylate） （PMMA）, poly（iso-butylmethacrylate） （PiBMA） and poly（4-methylstyrene） （PMS）. The cross-linked networks enhanced dielectric properties and solvent resistance of the thin films. The bottom-gate organic field-effect transistors （OFETs） through all solution processes on plastic substrate were fabricated. The OFET devices showed low voltage operation and steep subthreshold swing at relatively small gate dielectric capacitance.
