Bilateral iridocorneal endothelial syndrome-Chandler’s syndrome:a case report and literature review

Dear Editor,I ridocorneal endothelial syndrome(ICE)is a rare ocular disease first proposed by Eagle et al[1]in 1979.It is mainly characterized by corneal endothelial abnormalities,accompanied by iris atrophy,iris pigmented nodules and peripheral anterior synechiae.ICE syndrome is typically unilateral,and classified into three clinical variants based on the changes of the cornea and iris,including progressive iris atrophy,Chandler’s syndrome,and Cogan-Reese syndrome.

Corrigendum to Patterns of floristic inventory and plant collections in Myanmar[Plant Divers.45(3)(2023)302-308]

1.Figure 2:Repeat title-Incorrect title:(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests,(2)Eastern Himalayan Alpine Shrub And Meadows.

Patterns of floristic inventory and plant collections in Myanmar

Myanmar is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to a wide range of climatic and environmental heterogeneity.Floristic diversity in Myanmar is largely unknown,resulting in a lack of comprehensive conservation plans.We developed a database of higher plants in Myanmar derived from herbarium specimens and literature sources,and analyzed patterns of diversity inventories and collection inconsistencies,aiming to provide a baseline floristic data of Myanmar and act as a guide for future research efforts.We collected 1,329,354 records of 16,218 taxa.Results show that the collection densities at the township level was variable,with 5% of townships having no floristic collections.No ecoregion had an average collection density of greater than 1 specimen/km2and the lowest collection density was found in the Kayah-Karen Montane Rainforests,which covered 8% of Myanmar’s total area.The highest sampling densities were found in Mandalay Region,Chin State,and Yangon Region.Despite floristic collections over the past three centuries,knowledge of the distribution of the vast majority of plant taxa remained limited,particularly for gymnosperms,pteridophytes,and bryophytes.More botanical surveys and further analyses are needed to better describe Myanmar’s floristic diversity.An important strategy to promote knowledge of the biodiversity patterns in Myanmar is to improve the collection and digitalization of specimens and to strengthen cooperation among countries.

Investigation on Endogenous Metabolites in Pancreas of Diabetic Rats after Treatment by Genipin through^1H-NMR-based Metabolomic Profiles

Objective To investigate the change rules of endogenous metabolites in pancreas of the diabetic rats, and to explore the mechanism of genipin treatment for diabetes rats. Methods Metabolomic method based on ^1H-NMR was applied, the diabetic rat model was prepared by ip injecting alloxan, and the high-, mid-, and low-dose genipin or metformin hydrochloride was ig injected as well as the rats in control and model groups were given the same volume of normal saline for 2 weeks. The pancreases of rats were collected and ^1H-NMR test was conducted, the metabolomic technology was adopted to analyze the endogenous metabolite changes in pancreas. Results The high-dose genipin possessed a better hypoglycemic effect, which could increase the contents of isoleucine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, and significantly reduce the contents of lactic acid, alanine, glutamine, aspartic acid, and creatine in pancreas of diabetic rats. Conclusion This study provided a theoretical basis for further exploration on the pathogenesis of diabetes and the mechanism of genipin for treatment of diabetes.

Protection of MES23.5 dopaminergic cells by obestatin is mediated by proliferative rather than anti-apoptotic action

Obestatin is an endogenous peptide sharing a precursor with ghrelin. This study aims to investigate whether and how obestatin protects MES23.5 dopaminergic cells against 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium （MPP^＋）-induced neurotoxicity. MES23.5 cells were pretreated with obestatin （10^-13- 10^-6 mol/L） for 20 min prior to incubation with 200 μmol/L MPP^＋ for 12 or 24 h, or treated with obestatin alone （10^-13 to 10^-6 mol/L） for 0, 6, 12, and 24 h. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay was used to measure cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to measure the caspase-3 activity and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） protein levels were determined by Western blotting. Obestatin （10^-13 to 10^-7 mol/L） pretreatment blocked or even reversed the MPP^＋ induced reduction of viability in MES23.5 cells, but had no effect on MPP^＋-induced mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse and caspase-3 activation. When applied alone, obestatin increased viability. Elevated PCNA levels occurred with 10^-7, 10^-9, 10^-11 and 10^-13 mol/L obestatin treatment for 12 h. The results suggest that the protective effects of obestatin against MPP^＋ in MES23.5 cells are due to its proliferation-promoting rather than anti-apoptotic effects.