BACKGROUND At present,liver transplantation(LT)is one of the best treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Accurately predicting the survival status after LT can significantly improve the survival rate after LT,an...BACKGROUND At present,liver transplantation(LT)is one of the best treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Accurately predicting the survival status after LT can significantly improve the survival rate after LT,and ensure the best way to make rational use of liver organs.AIM To develop a model for predicting prognosis after LT in patients with HCC.METHODS Clinical data and follow-up information of 160 patients with HCC who underwent LT were collected and evaluated.The expression levels of alphafetoprotein(AFP),des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin,Golgi protein 73,cytokeratin-18 epitopes M30 and M65 were measured using a fully automated chemiluminescence analyzer.The best cutoff value of biomarkers was determined using the Youden index.Cox regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors.A forest model was constructed using the random forest method.We evaluated the accuracy of the nomogram using the area under the curve,using the calibration curve to assess consistency.A decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the nomograms.RESULTS The total tumor diameter(TTD),vascular invasion(VI),AFP,and cytokeratin-18 epitopes M30(CK18-M30)were identified as important risk factors for outcome after LT.The nomogram had a higher predictive accuracy than the Milan,University of California,San Francisco,and Hangzhou criteria.The calibration curve analyses indicated a good fit.The survival and recurrence-free survival(RFS)of high-risk groups were significantly lower than those of low-and middle-risk groups(P<0.001).The DCA shows that the model has better clinical practicability.CONCLUSION The study developed a predictive nomogram based on TTD,VI,AFP,and CK18-M30 that could accurately predict overall survival and RFS after LT.It can screen for patients with better postoperative prognosis,and improve longterm survival for LT patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Serum biomarkers play an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.Because a certain percentage of ...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Serum biomarkers play an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.Because a certain percentage of HCC patients are negative for alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC is essential to improve the detection rate of HCC.AIM To establish an effective model for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC based on serum tumour biomarkers.METHODS A total of 180 HCC patients were enrolled in this study.The expression levels of GP73,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin(DCP),CK18-M65,and CK18-M30 were detected by a fully automated chemiluminescence analyser.The variables were selected by logistic regression analysis.Several models were constructed using stepwise backward logistic regression.The performance of the models was compared using the C statistic,integrated discrimination improvement,net reclassification improvement,and calibration curves.The clinical utility of the nomogram was assessed using decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS The results showed that the expression levels of GP73,DCP,CK18-M65,and CK18-M30 were significantly greater in AFP-negative HCC patients than in healthy controls(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that GP73,DCP,and CK18-M65 were independent factors for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC.By comparing the diagnostic performance of multiple models,we included GP73 and CK18-M65 as the model variables,and the model had good discrimination ability(area under the curve=0.946)and good goodness of fit.The DCA curves indicated the good clinical utility of the nomogram.CONCLUSION Our study identified GP73 and CK18-M65 as serum biomarkers with certain application value in the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC.The diagnostic nomogram based on CK18-M65 combined with GP73 demonstrated good performance and effectively identified high-risk groups of patients with HCC.展开更多
Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This ty...Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early stages.Studies have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the tumor.Choroidal tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.展开更多
Significant changes in water cycle elements/processes have created serious challenges to regional sustainability and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin in China.It is necessary to investigate the impac...Significant changes in water cycle elements/processes have created serious challenges to regional sustainability and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin in China.It is necessary to investigate the impacts of climate change and human activities on hydrological evolution and disaster risk from a holistic perspective of the basin.This study developed initiatives to clarify the mechanisms of hydrological evolution in the human-influenced Yellow River Basin.The proposed research method includes:(1)a tool to simulate multiple factors and a multi-scale water cycle using a grid-based spatiotemporal coupling approach,and(2)a new algorithm to separate the responses of the water cycle to climate change and human impacts,and de-couple the eco-environmental effects using artificial intelligence techniques.With this research framework,key breakthroughs are expected to be made in the understanding of the impacts of land cover change on the water cycle and blue/green water redirection.The outcomes of this research project are expected to provide theoretical support for ecological protection and water governance in the basin.展开更多
According to the B-spline convolution mask, first, the contrast sensitiveness (CS) is computed and then is viewed as a noise sensitiveness coeficient (NSC) to adaptively determine a noise-recognized threshold valu...According to the B-spline convolution mask, first, the contrast sensitiveness (CS) is computed and then is viewed as a noise sensitiveness coeficient (NSC) to adaptively determine a noise-recognized threshold value. Based on the noise density function (NDF) in a 3×3 window, the filtering window size is adaptively adjusted, and then a median filter is used to eliminate the noise-marked pixels. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can preserve image detail information well and effectively remove the noises, particularly the impulse noises that is also called salt-and-pepper noises superimposed on the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical images.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic factors.Although the pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear,a current hypothesis suggests that genetic susceptibility,environmental factors,a ...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic factors.Although the pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear,a current hypothesis suggests that genetic susceptibility,environmental factors,a dysfunctional immune system,the microbiome,and the interactions of these factors substantially contribute to the occurrence and development of IBD.Although existing and emerging drugs have been proven to be effective in treating IBD,none can cure IBD permanently.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are critical signaling molecules implicated in the immune response,cell proliferation,inflammation regulation and intestinal barrier maintenance.Breakthroughs in the understanding of the structures and functions of GPCRs have provided a driving force for exploring the roles of GPCRs in the pathogenesis of diseases,thereby leading to the development of GPCR-targeted medication.To date,a number of GPCRs have been shown to be associated with IBD,significantly advancing the drug discovery process for IBD.The associations between GPCRs and disease activity,disease severity,and disease phenotypes have also paved new avenues for the precise management of patients with IBD.In this review,we mainly focus on the roles of the most studied proton-sensing GPCRs,cannabinoid receptors,and estrogen-related GPCRs in the pathogenesis of IBD and their potential clinical values in IBD and some other diseases.展开更多
AIM: To explore whether acute cellular DNA damage response is induced upon hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the effects of the HBV infection. METHODS: We incubated HL7702 hepatocytes with HBV-positive serum, ...AIM: To explore whether acute cellular DNA damage response is induced upon hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the effects of the HBV infection. METHODS: We incubated HL7702 hepatocytes with HBV-positive serum, mimicking a natural HBV infection process. We used immunoblotting to evaluate protein expression levels in HBV-infected cells or in non-infected cells; immunofluorescence to show ATR foci ands Chkl phosphorylation foci formation; flow cytometry to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis; ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ionizing radiation (IR)-treated cells to mimic DNA damage; and Trypan blue staining to count the viable cells. RESULTS: We found that HBV infection induced an increased steady state of ATR protein and increased phosphorylation of multiple downstream targets including Chkl, p53 and H2AX. In contrast to ATR and its target, the phosphorylated form of ATM at Ser-1981 and its downstream substrate Chk2 phosphorylation at Thr-68 did not visibly increase upon infection. However, the level of Mre11 and p21 were reduced beginning at 0.5 h aEer HBV-positive serum addition. Also, HBV infection led to transient cell cycle arrest in the S and the G2 phases without accompanying increasedapoptosis. Research on cell survival changes upon radiation following HBV infection showed that survival of UV-treated host cells was greatly increased by HBV infection, owing to the reduced apoptosis. Meanwhile, survival of IR-treated host cells was reduced by HBV infection. CONCLUSION: HBV infection activates ATR DNA damage response to replication stress and abrogates the checkpoint signaling controlled by DNA damage response.展开更多
In this paper, the edge detection for a medical image is performed based on Sobel operator, and the bounding box is obtained, by which the effective medical sub-image is extracted. Then, the centroid and the normalize...In this paper, the edge detection for a medical image is performed based on Sobel operator, and the bounding box is obtained, by which the effective medical sub-image is extracted. Then, the centroid and the normalized central moments of the medical sub-image are calculated, and the rotation angle a is obtained by minimizing the second-order central moment based on its rotation invariance. Finally, the whole medical image is rotated around the centroid by --a to correct the tilted image. F^rthermore, inspired by the uniformity degree of the image, the rotation angle ct is revised, which achieves a better correction effect and performance. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are fairly reliable and accurate for the determination of tilt angles, and are practical and effective tilt correction techniques.展开更多
目的比较早期内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)±内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)和保守治疗应用于急性重症胆源性胰腺炎(ASBP)的有效性及安全性。方法在Pubmed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网数据库、万方...目的比较早期内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)±内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)和保守治疗应用于急性重症胆源性胰腺炎(ASBP)的有效性及安全性。方法在Pubmed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库中检索有关比较早期内镜干预和保守方法治疗ASBP的随机对照研究(RCT),并使用RevMan 5.3软件分析数据。结果纳入10篇RCT,共806例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与保守治疗相比,早期内镜干预能降低ASBP总并发症发生率(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.41~0.82,P=0.002)、系统并发症发生率(O^R=0.46,95%CI:0.32~0.67,P=0.000)和胆管炎发生率(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.03~0.42,P=0.001);缩短患者腹痛持续时间(MD=-6.09,95%CI:-7.47~-4.70,P=0.000)和住院时间(MD=-10.15,95%CI:-13.20~-7.09,P=0.000);但两组患者在死亡率、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率、呼吸衰竭发生率、局部并发症发生率、假性囊肿发生率和胰腺脓肿/坏死发生率等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期内镜干预治疗ASBP是安全可行的,且具有降低并发症发生率、缓解腹痛及缩短住院时间等优势,有望成为治疗ASBP的首选方法。展开更多
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst(IHPP)is an extremely rare complication of acute pancreatitis,with only a few cases previously described in the literature.To the best of our knowledge,IHPP with Budd-Chiar...BACKGROUND Intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst(IHPP)is an extremely rare complication of acute pancreatitis,with only a few cases previously described in the literature.To the best of our knowledge,IHPP with Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS)has not yet been described.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male presented with abdominal pain,vomiting and anorexia,followed by severe swelling of the lower body after 4 d.The morphological assessment(using computed tomography revealed the presence of a huge cyst of 18.28 cm×10.34 cm under the liver capsule accompanied by a large amount of ascites.Percutaneous puncture allowed us to detect a high level of amylase in the collection,confirming the diagnosis of IHPP.The cyst was treated by percu-taneous drainage,producing complete resolution of the cyst.CONCLUSION IHPP can be treated with percutaneous drainage,endoscopic drainage,surgery or even conservative treatment,depending on the specific condition.We recommend percutaneous drainage as the first choice of treatment when IHPP with secondary BCS.展开更多
AIM:To explore the value of Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis.METHODS:Between January 2012 and January 2013,the Prussian blue stain used in anterior lens capsule and vitreous liquid after cen...AIM:To explore the value of Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis.METHODS:Between January 2012 and January 2013,the Prussian blue stain used in anterior lens capsule and vitreous liquid after centrifugation from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis. At the same time, give a negative control.RESULTS:Anterior lens capsule membrane and liquid of vitreous cavity from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis revealed ferric ions that stained positively with Prussian blue. In the control group, there is no positive reaction.CONCLUSION:Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis has a very significant worth,suspected cases can be definitive diagnosed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Castleman disease is an uncommon nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder,which frequently mimics both benign and malignant abnormalities in several regions.Depending on the number of lymph nodes or regions i...BACKGROUND Castleman disease is an uncommon nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder,which frequently mimics both benign and malignant abnormalities in several regions.Depending on the number of lymph nodes or regions involved,Castleman disease(CD)varies in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.It rarely occurs in the pancreas alone without any distinct clinical feature and tends to be confused with pancreatic paraganglioma(PGL),neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),and primary tumors,thus impeding proper diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old woman presented with a lesion on the neck of the pancreas,detected by ultrasound during a health examination.Physical examination and laboratory findings were normal.The mass showed hypervascularity on enhanced computed tomography(CT),significantly increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography(PET)/CT,and slightly increased somatostatin receptor(SSTR)expression on^(68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT,suggesting no distant metastases and subdiagnoses such as pancreatic PGL,NET,or primary tumor.Intraoperative pathology suggested lymphatic hyperplasia,and only simple tumor resection was performed.The patient was diagnosed with the hyaline vascular variant of CD,which was confirmed by postoperative immunohistochemistry.The patient was discharged successfully,and no recurrence was observed on regular review.CONCLUSION High glucose uptake and slightly elevated SSTR expression are potentially new diagnostic features of CD of the pancreas.展开更多
BACKGROUND Over the last 40 years,with accumulating evidence demonstrating a significant increase in the incidence of ulcerative colitis(UC)in China,the number of studies on UC has been rapidly increasing.But it still...BACKGROUND Over the last 40 years,with accumulating evidence demonstrating a significant increase in the incidence of ulcerative colitis(UC)in China,the number of studies on UC has been rapidly increasing.But it still lacks a comprehensive metaanalysis of publications regarding UC for the last four decades in China.Thus,a bibliometric analysis of UC is warranted to investigate the trend and distribution of the publications on UC in China in recent years.And it is supposed that the number of the papers related to UC increased by year.AIM To investigate the current status of research output from Chinese studies related to UC during the period of 1978 to 2017,with special attention paid to the distribution of publication dates,journals,regions,and research organizations.METHODS Publications on UC were searched in the Chinese periodical database SinoMed from January 1978 to December 2017.The search term used for retrieval was“ulcerative colitis”.The language of the publications was restricted to English or Chinese.The studies have to be performed in China.Then,a bibliometric analysis was performed on the distribution of publication dates,journals,regions,and research organizations with EndNote,Excel,MySQL,and GraphPad Prism.RESULTS A total of 16257 papers matched the search criteria,which included 7561 papers published in core journals,4641 evidence-based articles,and 4177 publications of randomized controlled trials.These papers were mainly published in Chinese Journal of Coloproctology,World Chinese Journal of Digestology,Chinese Journal of Digestion,Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Digestion,and Modern Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.In particular,the majority of these organizations were located in Jiangsu,Henan,Shandong,and Guangdong Provinces which are rich areas or have the largest population per province.Most of these studies were conducted by academic institutions.CONCLUSION Over the past four decades,the output of research into UC in China has increased significantly,with academic institutions playing a central role in the academic field,but the number and quality of these researches vary substantially among different regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND The clinical significance of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1)in nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients undergoing surgery remains unclear up to now.AIM To explore the relation of BRCA1 expressio...BACKGROUND The clinical significance of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1)in nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients undergoing surgery remains unclear up to now.AIM To explore the relation of BRCA1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and survival in patients with resected NSCLC.METHODS EMBASE,PubMed,Web of Science,and The Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify the relevant articles.To assess the correlation between the expression of BRCA1 and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with resected NSCLC patients,the combined relative risks or hazard ratios(HRs)with their corresponding 95%confidence intervals[CIs]were estimated.RESULTS Totally,11 articles involving 1041 patients were included in the meta-analysis.The results indicated that the expression of BRCA1 was significantly correlated with prognosis of resected NSCLC.Positive BRCA1 expression signified a shorter overall survival(HR=1.60,95%CI:1.25-2.05;P<0.001)and disease-free survival(HR=1.78,95%CI:1.42-2.23;P<0.001).However,no significant association of BRCA1 expression with any clinicopathological parameters was observed.CONCLUSION BRCA1 expression indicates a poor prognosis in resected NSCLC patients.BRCA1 might serve as an independent biomarker to predict clinical outcomes and help to customize optimal adjuvant chemotherapy for NSCLC patients who had received surgical therapy.展开更多
Chedrinae fish,which belong to Danionidae,have important ornamental,economic,and scientific value.At present,however,their mitogenomic features are unclear and their phylogenetic relationships remain controversial.In ...Chedrinae fish,which belong to Danionidae,have important ornamental,economic,and scientific value.At present,however,their mitogenomic features are unclear and their phylogenetic relationships remain controversial.In this study,we presented five new Chedrinae mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)and analyzed the conserved and variable mitogenomic characteristics of 17 Chedrinae fish.The gene composition and arrangement and secondary structure of transfer RNAs(tRNAs)were highly conserved among the Chedrinae mitogenomes.However,the length of the control region and base composition were variable.Interestingly,the mitogenome of Barilius barila was unusual,with lower A+T content in the first codon of protein-coding genes(PCGs)(47.32%versus average of 54.47%)and distinct pattern of codons per thousand codons(CDspT).Three Chedrinae fish had a long tandem repeat(>291 bp)in the 5'-end of the control region,which may increase their adaptability.In addition,tRNALys had notably larger DHU and TΨC loops than other tRNAs.The phylogenetic trees of the Chedrinae fish suggested that the Barilius genus was not a monophyletic group but could be divided into two main groups based on significant differences in A+T content.This study provides insights into the mitogenomic features and phylogenetic implications of Chedrinae fish,which should benefit their systematics and conservation.展开更多
Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,mi...Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,miscarriage and neonatal measles.In this report,one such case,which was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms,clinical and laboratory examination was described.After proper therapeutic treatment,the infection was well-controlled and a baby was born by nature labor.展开更多
As a novel structural and functional material,porous titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the aerospace,marine engineering and biomedical fields due to their high corrosion resistance,low density,good bioc...As a novel structural and functional material,porous titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the aerospace,marine engineering and biomedical fields due to their high corrosion resistance,low density,good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties.Therefore,in this paper,a comprehensive review of powder metallurgy(PM)(including additive manufacturing(AM)processes)for fabricating porous titanium is firstly covered in terms of their working principles,capabilities,shortcomings and strengths.Simultaneously,the influencing factors of various methods on final pore structure of porous Ti are involved.Secondly,a summary of the chemical methods(CM)to obtain the porous Ti is also provided,such as dealloying method and reduction method.Finally,the tendency and direction of preparation technology as well as application of porous titanium were prospected.展开更多
A new discretization technique is proposed for a three-dimensional(3D)tunnel face in weak strata with a random position in space.This method limits the angle,height,and thickness of the strata on the tunnel face.The o...A new discretization technique is proposed for a three-dimensional(3D)tunnel face in weak strata with a random position in space.This method limits the angle,height,and thickness of the strata on the tunnel face.The original whole piece of soil is separated by a series of parallel planes,and two parallel planes are used as a stratum.Each radial discrete plane is separated when it passes through the strata,and the change in the soil properties of discrete points on the truncated plane is considered separately inside the strata.Considering the spatial and temporal characteristics of seismic waves,a pseudo-dynamic analysis of the tunnel face is carried out.The tunnel face active damage types under earthquake conditions are quantitatively analyzed,and the corresponding support pressure design diagrams are given for the case without weak strata.For the case containing weak strata,the presence of weak strata can have adverse effects on the face.The failure mechanism of the weak strata is given by the discretization method.For different friction angles,the presence of the weak strata changes the friction angles of the soils.For the thickness,location and angle of the weak strata,the variation in the support pressure is given in this paper.To more intuitively depict the change in the failure mechanism in the presence of weak strata,the change in the failure mechanism under different thicknesses and weaknesses of weak strata is plotted.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372595 and No.81972696.
文摘BACKGROUND At present,liver transplantation(LT)is one of the best treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Accurately predicting the survival status after LT can significantly improve the survival rate after LT,and ensure the best way to make rational use of liver organs.AIM To develop a model for predicting prognosis after LT in patients with HCC.METHODS Clinical data and follow-up information of 160 patients with HCC who underwent LT were collected and evaluated.The expression levels of alphafetoprotein(AFP),des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin,Golgi protein 73,cytokeratin-18 epitopes M30 and M65 were measured using a fully automated chemiluminescence analyzer.The best cutoff value of biomarkers was determined using the Youden index.Cox regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors.A forest model was constructed using the random forest method.We evaluated the accuracy of the nomogram using the area under the curve,using the calibration curve to assess consistency.A decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the nomograms.RESULTS The total tumor diameter(TTD),vascular invasion(VI),AFP,and cytokeratin-18 epitopes M30(CK18-M30)were identified as important risk factors for outcome after LT.The nomogram had a higher predictive accuracy than the Milan,University of California,San Francisco,and Hangzhou criteria.The calibration curve analyses indicated a good fit.The survival and recurrence-free survival(RFS)of high-risk groups were significantly lower than those of low-and middle-risk groups(P<0.001).The DCA shows that the model has better clinical practicability.CONCLUSION The study developed a predictive nomogram based on TTD,VI,AFP,and CK18-M30 that could accurately predict overall survival and RFS after LT.It can screen for patients with better postoperative prognosis,and improve longterm survival for LT patients.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972696.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Serum biomarkers play an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.Because a certain percentage of HCC patients are negative for alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC is essential to improve the detection rate of HCC.AIM To establish an effective model for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC based on serum tumour biomarkers.METHODS A total of 180 HCC patients were enrolled in this study.The expression levels of GP73,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin(DCP),CK18-M65,and CK18-M30 were detected by a fully automated chemiluminescence analyser.The variables were selected by logistic regression analysis.Several models were constructed using stepwise backward logistic regression.The performance of the models was compared using the C statistic,integrated discrimination improvement,net reclassification improvement,and calibration curves.The clinical utility of the nomogram was assessed using decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS The results showed that the expression levels of GP73,DCP,CK18-M65,and CK18-M30 were significantly greater in AFP-negative HCC patients than in healthy controls(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that GP73,DCP,and CK18-M65 were independent factors for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC.By comparing the diagnostic performance of multiple models,we included GP73 and CK18-M65 as the model variables,and the model had good discrimination ability(area under the curve=0.946)and good goodness of fit.The DCA curves indicated the good clinical utility of the nomogram.CONCLUSION Our study identified GP73 and CK18-M65 as serum biomarkers with certain application value in the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC.The diagnostic nomogram based on CK18-M65 combined with GP73 demonstrated good performance and effectively identified high-risk groups of patients with HCC.
文摘Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early stages.Studies have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the tumor.Choroidal tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2243203),the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grants No.B200204029 and B220201011),and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20210368).
文摘Significant changes in water cycle elements/processes have created serious challenges to regional sustainability and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin in China.It is necessary to investigate the impacts of climate change and human activities on hydrological evolution and disaster risk from a holistic perspective of the basin.This study developed initiatives to clarify the mechanisms of hydrological evolution in the human-influenced Yellow River Basin.The proposed research method includes:(1)a tool to simulate multiple factors and a multi-scale water cycle using a grid-based spatiotemporal coupling approach,and(2)a new algorithm to separate the responses of the water cycle to climate change and human impacts,and de-couple the eco-environmental effects using artificial intelligence techniques.With this research framework,key breakthroughs are expected to be made in the understanding of the impacts of land cover change on the water cycle and blue/green water redirection.The outcomes of this research project are expected to provide theoretical support for ecological protection and water governance in the basin.
基金supported by Foundation of 11th Five-year Plan for Key Construction Academic Subject (Optics) of Hunan Province,PRC, Outstanding Young Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, PRC (No. 09B071)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, PRC(No. 06C581)
文摘According to the B-spline convolution mask, first, the contrast sensitiveness (CS) is computed and then is viewed as a noise sensitiveness coeficient (NSC) to adaptively determine a noise-recognized threshold value. Based on the noise density function (NDF) in a 3×3 window, the filtering window size is adaptively adjusted, and then a median filter is used to eliminate the noise-marked pixels. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can preserve image detail information well and effectively remove the noises, particularly the impulse noises that is also called salt-and-pepper noises superimposed on the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical images.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570502the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.ZYJC18037.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic factors.Although the pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear,a current hypothesis suggests that genetic susceptibility,environmental factors,a dysfunctional immune system,the microbiome,and the interactions of these factors substantially contribute to the occurrence and development of IBD.Although existing and emerging drugs have been proven to be effective in treating IBD,none can cure IBD permanently.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are critical signaling molecules implicated in the immune response,cell proliferation,inflammation regulation and intestinal barrier maintenance.Breakthroughs in the understanding of the structures and functions of GPCRs have provided a driving force for exploring the roles of GPCRs in the pathogenesis of diseases,thereby leading to the development of GPCR-targeted medication.To date,a number of GPCRs have been shown to be associated with IBD,significantly advancing the drug discovery process for IBD.The associations between GPCRs and disease activity,disease severity,and disease phenotypes have also paved new avenues for the precise management of patients with IBD.In this review,we mainly focus on the roles of the most studied proton-sensing GPCRs,cannabinoid receptors,and estrogen-related GPCRs in the pathogenesis of IBD and their potential clinical values in IBD and some other diseases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30700413
文摘AIM: To explore whether acute cellular DNA damage response is induced upon hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the effects of the HBV infection. METHODS: We incubated HL7702 hepatocytes with HBV-positive serum, mimicking a natural HBV infection process. We used immunoblotting to evaluate protein expression levels in HBV-infected cells or in non-infected cells; immunofluorescence to show ATR foci ands Chkl phosphorylation foci formation; flow cytometry to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis; ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ionizing radiation (IR)-treated cells to mimic DNA damage; and Trypan blue staining to count the viable cells. RESULTS: We found that HBV infection induced an increased steady state of ATR protein and increased phosphorylation of multiple downstream targets including Chkl, p53 and H2AX. In contrast to ATR and its target, the phosphorylated form of ATM at Ser-1981 and its downstream substrate Chk2 phosphorylation at Thr-68 did not visibly increase upon infection. However, the level of Mre11 and p21 were reduced beginning at 0.5 h aEer HBV-positive serum addition. Also, HBV infection led to transient cell cycle arrest in the S and the G2 phases without accompanying increasedapoptosis. Research on cell survival changes upon radiation following HBV infection showed that survival of UV-treated host cells was greatly increased by HBV infection, owing to the reduced apoptosis. Meanwhile, survival of IR-treated host cells was reduced by HBV infection. CONCLUSION: HBV infection activates ATR DNA damage response to replication stress and abrogates the checkpoint signaling controlled by DNA damage response.
基金supported by Foundation of 11th Five-year Plan for Key Construction Academic Subject (Optics) of Hunan Province,PRCScientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, PRC (No. 06C581)
文摘In this paper, the edge detection for a medical image is performed based on Sobel operator, and the bounding box is obtained, by which the effective medical sub-image is extracted. Then, the centroid and the normalized central moments of the medical sub-image are calculated, and the rotation angle a is obtained by minimizing the second-order central moment based on its rotation invariance. Finally, the whole medical image is rotated around the centroid by --a to correct the tilted image. F^rthermore, inspired by the uniformity degree of the image, the rotation angle ct is revised, which achieves a better correction effect and performance. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are fairly reliable and accurate for the determination of tilt angles, and are practical and effective tilt correction techniques.
文摘目的比较早期内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)±内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)和保守治疗应用于急性重症胆源性胰腺炎(ASBP)的有效性及安全性。方法在Pubmed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库中检索有关比较早期内镜干预和保守方法治疗ASBP的随机对照研究(RCT),并使用RevMan 5.3软件分析数据。结果纳入10篇RCT,共806例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与保守治疗相比,早期内镜干预能降低ASBP总并发症发生率(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.41~0.82,P=0.002)、系统并发症发生率(O^R=0.46,95%CI:0.32~0.67,P=0.000)和胆管炎发生率(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.03~0.42,P=0.001);缩短患者腹痛持续时间(MD=-6.09,95%CI:-7.47~-4.70,P=0.000)和住院时间(MD=-10.15,95%CI:-13.20~-7.09,P=0.000);但两组患者在死亡率、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率、呼吸衰竭发生率、局部并发症发生率、假性囊肿发生率和胰腺脓肿/坏死发生率等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期内镜干预治疗ASBP是安全可行的,且具有降低并发症发生率、缓解腹痛及缩短住院时间等优势,有望成为治疗ASBP的首选方法。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81802778.
文摘BACKGROUND Intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst(IHPP)is an extremely rare complication of acute pancreatitis,with only a few cases previously described in the literature.To the best of our knowledge,IHPP with Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS)has not yet been described.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male presented with abdominal pain,vomiting and anorexia,followed by severe swelling of the lower body after 4 d.The morphological assessment(using computed tomography revealed the presence of a huge cyst of 18.28 cm×10.34 cm under the liver capsule accompanied by a large amount of ascites.Percutaneous puncture allowed us to detect a high level of amylase in the collection,confirming the diagnosis of IHPP.The cyst was treated by percu-taneous drainage,producing complete resolution of the cyst.CONCLUSION IHPP can be treated with percutaneous drainage,endoscopic drainage,surgery or even conservative treatment,depending on the specific condition.We recommend percutaneous drainage as the first choice of treatment when IHPP with secondary BCS.
基金Supported by Education Department Funding of Sichuan Province,China(No.2005B020)
文摘AIM:To explore the value of Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis.METHODS:Between January 2012 and January 2013,the Prussian blue stain used in anterior lens capsule and vitreous liquid after centrifugation from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis. At the same time, give a negative control.RESULTS:Anterior lens capsule membrane and liquid of vitreous cavity from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis revealed ferric ions that stained positively with Prussian blue. In the control group, there is no positive reaction.CONCLUSION:Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis has a very significant worth,suspected cases can be definitive diagnosed.
文摘BACKGROUND Castleman disease is an uncommon nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder,which frequently mimics both benign and malignant abnormalities in several regions.Depending on the number of lymph nodes or regions involved,Castleman disease(CD)varies in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.It rarely occurs in the pancreas alone without any distinct clinical feature and tends to be confused with pancreatic paraganglioma(PGL),neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),and primary tumors,thus impeding proper diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old woman presented with a lesion on the neck of the pancreas,detected by ultrasound during a health examination.Physical examination and laboratory findings were normal.The mass showed hypervascularity on enhanced computed tomography(CT),significantly increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography(PET)/CT,and slightly increased somatostatin receptor(SSTR)expression on^(68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT,suggesting no distant metastases and subdiagnoses such as pancreatic PGL,NET,or primary tumor.Intraoperative pathology suggested lymphatic hyperplasia,and only simple tumor resection was performed.The patient was diagnosed with the hyaline vascular variant of CD,which was confirmed by postoperative immunohistochemistry.The patient was discharged successfully,and no recurrence was observed on regular review.CONCLUSION High glucose uptake and slightly elevated SSTR expression are potentially new diagnostic features of CD of the pancreas.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.815705021.3.5.Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.ZYJC18037.
文摘BACKGROUND Over the last 40 years,with accumulating evidence demonstrating a significant increase in the incidence of ulcerative colitis(UC)in China,the number of studies on UC has been rapidly increasing.But it still lacks a comprehensive metaanalysis of publications regarding UC for the last four decades in China.Thus,a bibliometric analysis of UC is warranted to investigate the trend and distribution of the publications on UC in China in recent years.And it is supposed that the number of the papers related to UC increased by year.AIM To investigate the current status of research output from Chinese studies related to UC during the period of 1978 to 2017,with special attention paid to the distribution of publication dates,journals,regions,and research organizations.METHODS Publications on UC were searched in the Chinese periodical database SinoMed from January 1978 to December 2017.The search term used for retrieval was“ulcerative colitis”.The language of the publications was restricted to English or Chinese.The studies have to be performed in China.Then,a bibliometric analysis was performed on the distribution of publication dates,journals,regions,and research organizations with EndNote,Excel,MySQL,and GraphPad Prism.RESULTS A total of 16257 papers matched the search criteria,which included 7561 papers published in core journals,4641 evidence-based articles,and 4177 publications of randomized controlled trials.These papers were mainly published in Chinese Journal of Coloproctology,World Chinese Journal of Digestology,Chinese Journal of Digestion,Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Digestion,and Modern Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.In particular,the majority of these organizations were located in Jiangsu,Henan,Shandong,and Guangdong Provinces which are rich areas or have the largest population per province.Most of these studies were conducted by academic institutions.CONCLUSION Over the past four decades,the output of research into UC in China has increased significantly,with academic institutions playing a central role in the academic field,but the number and quality of these researches vary substantially among different regions.
文摘BACKGROUND The clinical significance of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1)in nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients undergoing surgery remains unclear up to now.AIM To explore the relation of BRCA1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and survival in patients with resected NSCLC.METHODS EMBASE,PubMed,Web of Science,and The Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify the relevant articles.To assess the correlation between the expression of BRCA1 and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with resected NSCLC patients,the combined relative risks or hazard ratios(HRs)with their corresponding 95%confidence intervals[CIs]were estimated.RESULTS Totally,11 articles involving 1041 patients were included in the meta-analysis.The results indicated that the expression of BRCA1 was significantly correlated with prognosis of resected NSCLC.Positive BRCA1 expression signified a shorter overall survival(HR=1.60,95%CI:1.25-2.05;P<0.001)and disease-free survival(HR=1.78,95%CI:1.42-2.23;P<0.001).However,no significant association of BRCA1 expression with any clinicopathological parameters was observed.CONCLUSION BRCA1 expression indicates a poor prognosis in resected NSCLC patients.BRCA1 might serve as an independent biomarker to predict clinical outcomes and help to customize optimal adjuvant chemotherapy for NSCLC patients who had received surgical therapy.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31000000),China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA,and Wuhan Branch,Supercomputing Centre,Chinese Academy of Sciences,China.
文摘Chedrinae fish,which belong to Danionidae,have important ornamental,economic,and scientific value.At present,however,their mitogenomic features are unclear and their phylogenetic relationships remain controversial.In this study,we presented five new Chedrinae mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)and analyzed the conserved and variable mitogenomic characteristics of 17 Chedrinae fish.The gene composition and arrangement and secondary structure of transfer RNAs(tRNAs)were highly conserved among the Chedrinae mitogenomes.However,the length of the control region and base composition were variable.Interestingly,the mitogenome of Barilius barila was unusual,with lower A+T content in the first codon of protein-coding genes(PCGs)(47.32%versus average of 54.47%)and distinct pattern of codons per thousand codons(CDspT).Three Chedrinae fish had a long tandem repeat(>291 bp)in the 5'-end of the control region,which may increase their adaptability.In addition,tRNALys had notably larger DHU and TΨC loops than other tRNAs.The phylogenetic trees of the Chedrinae fish suggested that the Barilius genus was not a monophyletic group but could be divided into two main groups based on significant differences in A+T content.This study provides insights into the mitogenomic features and phylogenetic implications of Chedrinae fish,which should benefit their systematics and conservation.
文摘Measles infection in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical condition.Patients usually had complicated pneumonia,and virus could pass through the placenta to the fetus and lead to premature delivery,stillbirth,miscarriage and neonatal measles.In this report,one such case,which was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms,clinical and laboratory examination was described.After proper therapeutic treatment,the infection was well-controlled and a baby was born by nature labor.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51777152 and52202296)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2022JZ-01 and 2022JQ-048)。
文摘As a novel structural and functional material,porous titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the aerospace,marine engineering and biomedical fields due to their high corrosion resistance,low density,good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties.Therefore,in this paper,a comprehensive review of powder metallurgy(PM)(including additive manufacturing(AM)processes)for fabricating porous titanium is firstly covered in terms of their working principles,capabilities,shortcomings and strengths.Simultaneously,the influencing factors of various methods on final pore structure of porous Ti are involved.Secondly,a summary of the chemical methods(CM)to obtain the porous Ti is also provided,such as dealloying method and reduction method.Finally,the tendency and direction of preparation technology as well as application of porous titanium were prospected.
基金This study is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University,China(Grant No.2022ZZTS0696)。
文摘A new discretization technique is proposed for a three-dimensional(3D)tunnel face in weak strata with a random position in space.This method limits the angle,height,and thickness of the strata on the tunnel face.The original whole piece of soil is separated by a series of parallel planes,and two parallel planes are used as a stratum.Each radial discrete plane is separated when it passes through the strata,and the change in the soil properties of discrete points on the truncated plane is considered separately inside the strata.Considering the spatial and temporal characteristics of seismic waves,a pseudo-dynamic analysis of the tunnel face is carried out.The tunnel face active damage types under earthquake conditions are quantitatively analyzed,and the corresponding support pressure design diagrams are given for the case without weak strata.For the case containing weak strata,the presence of weak strata can have adverse effects on the face.The failure mechanism of the weak strata is given by the discretization method.For different friction angles,the presence of the weak strata changes the friction angles of the soils.For the thickness,location and angle of the weak strata,the variation in the support pressure is given in this paper.To more intuitively depict the change in the failure mechanism in the presence of weak strata,the change in the failure mechanism under different thicknesses and weaknesses of weak strata is plotted.