MicroRNA-298 determines the radio-resistance of colorectal cancer cells by directly targeting human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic modality for colorectal cancer(CRC);yet,the formidable challenge posed by radio-resistance significantly undermines its efficacy in achieving CRC remission.AIM To elucidate the role played by microRNA-298(miR-298)in CRC radio-resistance.METHODS To establish a radio-resistant CRC cell line,HT-29 cells underwent exposure to 5 gray ionizing radiation that was followed by a 7-d recovery period.The quantification of miR-298 levels within CRC cells was conducted through quantitative RT-PCR,and protein expression determination was realized through Western blotting.Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and proliferation by clonogenic assay.Radio-induced apoptosis was discerned through flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS We observed a marked upregulation of miR-298 in radio-resistant CRC cells.MiR-298 emerged as a key determinant of cell survival following radiation exposure,as its overexpression led to a notable reduction in radiation-induced apoptosis.Intriguingly,miR-298 expression exhibited a strong correlation with CRC cell viability.Further investigation unveiled human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A(DYRK1A)as miR-298’s direct target.CONCLUSION Taken together,our findings underline the role played by miR-298 in bolstering radio-resistance in CRC cells by means of DYRK1A downregulation,thereby positioning miR-298 as a promising candidate for mitigating radioresistance in CRC.

腹腔镜下经腹膜外入路膀胱癌根治术的初步体会

目的评估腹腔镜下经腹膜外入路膀胱癌根治术的可行性及临床疗效。方法选取2017年5月-2019年5月肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者16例,年龄54~78岁,平均69.4岁。开展腹腔镜下腹膜外入路膀胱癌根治术,术中经腹膜外膀胱切除及淋巴清扫,3例行输尿管皮肤造口术,1例行Studer原位回肠新膀胱术,其余12例行Bricker回肠膀胱术,将回肠通道或回肠新膀胱置于腹膜外腔,完整关闭腹膜,观察术中术后并发症及术后肠道功能恢复情况。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,无1例中转开放手术或经腹腔入路手术,术中出血量120~360 mL,平均190 mL。3例输尿管皮肤造口患者术后第1天恢复饮食,其余13例术后平均4 d恢复饮食,住院时间7~19 d,平均13.8 d。随访8~32个月,未发现肿瘤复发及转移,无1例发生肠梗阻,1例出现轻度肾积水,随访无进行性加重,所有患者肾功能均正常。结论腹腔镜下经腹膜外入路膀胱癌根治术具有良好的安全性及可行性,术后肠道功能恢复较快,值得临床推广。

基于API 617的离心压缩机转子系统动力学特性研究

本文依据API 617的转子动力学设计要求,对某离心压缩机的转子系统展开动力学特性分析,首先对转子-轴承系统进行建模,再次对其进行临界转速计算,计算结果依据API617的要求进行判定,最后对其开展了稳定性分析。研究结果可以指导压缩机的主机设计。

精炼工艺对铸造Al-2Li-2Cu-0.2Zr合金夹杂物和力学性能的影响（英文）

研究不同精炼工艺对铸造Al-2Li-2Cu-0.2Zr 合金夹杂物和力学性能的影响,包括双级C2Cl6 精炼工艺,双级氩气旋转喷吹精炼工艺和双级复合精炼工艺。结果表明,结合C2Cl6 和氩气旋转喷吹的双级复合精炼工艺可以显著提高铸造Al-2Li-2Cu-0.2Zr 合金的熔体纯净度和力学性能。与未精炼的合金相比,通过双级复合精炼工艺得到的合金气孔缺陷和夹杂物的体积分数从1.47%下降到0.12%,固溶处理后合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别从113 MPa、179 MPa 和3.9%提高至142 MPa、293 MPa 和18.1%。合金熔炼过程中,在加入锂之前首先使用C2Cl6 精炼进行除气以及除掉熔体中较大尺寸的夹杂物,在加入锂之后使用氩气旋转喷吹进一步除气以及除掉熔体中细小的悬浮夹杂物。双级复合精炼工艺不仅可以有效去除熔体中的气体和夹杂物,还可以大幅度降低锂元素的氧化烧损,结合两种精炼方法的各自优势,取得显著的精炼效果。

NaOH浓度对铸造铝锂合金微弧氧化膜层显微组织和耐蚀性能的影响

采用含有Na2WO4和不同NaOH浓度的硅酸盐系列电解液,利用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在Al-Cu-Li合金表面制备陶瓷涂层,研究NaOH浓度在1-9 g/L范围内对涂层显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对膜层的组成和微观结构进行表征。结果表明,NaOH促进MAO反应中氧化物的生成,使膜层厚度增加。电化学腐蚀测试(极化曲线、交流阻抗谱)和质量损失试验确定膜层的耐蚀性随NaOH加入量的增加而提高,且在7g/LNaOH溶液中制备的膜层耐蚀性最优。全浸泡腐蚀试验也给出一致的结果。

Y元素对铸造Mg−3Nd−0.2Zn−0.5Zr合金显微组织演化及力学性能的影响

研究不同Y添加量(0、1.5%、3%和4.5%,质量分数)对铸造Mg−3Nd−0.2Zn−0.5Zr合金显微组织演变及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着Y含量的增加,铸态合金中主要的第二相由Mg_(12)Nd型逐步转变为Mg_(24)Y_(5)型。同时,固溶态合金中的Zn−Zr相的数量随着Y含量的增加逐渐减少。利用HAADF-STEM技术观察到峰时效状态下Y元素在球状柱面β′相中显著富集。随着Y含量的增加,峰时效状态下合金中β′的体积分数显著增大。由于Y元素的加入,β′相析出动力显著增大,进而使得合金强度得到显著提高。拉伸试验结果表明,当Y添加量为4.5%(质量分数)时,在200和225℃峰值时效条件下合金屈服强度增量分别为88和61 MPa。

Structure Optimization of Wheel Force Transducer Based on Natural Frequency and Comprehensive Sensitivity

The current research of wheel force transducer （WFT） mainly focuses on test signal processing and decoupling methods based on signal itself, while the WFT structure optimization research related to decreasing the mass and increase the natural frequency and comprehen- sive sensitivity is not enough. In order to improve the WFT test accuracy, a structure optimization method based on natural frequency and comprehensive sensitivity indicators is put forward. The WPT with 8-beam elastic body is used for the finite element modeling （FEM）, in which the fol- lowing variations are taken into consideration： the con- nection type of elastic body with modified rim, the number of connection holes, and the respects of strain beam including the shape, the cross sectional area and the length, etc.. The test results shows that the natural frequency of the connecting block type is increased by 65.5% compared with the connecting seat type of elastic body ＆ modified rim, and the main channel sensitivity is improved as well. The results show that the connecting block type will achieve the best comprehensive performance when the number of connecting holes between the elastic body and the modified rim is 20. And the thinner and longer strain beam with smaller cross section area is preferable within the scope of elastic body mechanical strength. This research proposes a novel structure optimization method for WFT which contributes to improve the measurement performance of WFT.

Claudin 18.2 is a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is frequently diagnosed and treated in advanced tumor stages with poor prognosis.More effective screening programs and novel therapeutic means are urgently needed.Recent studies have regarded tight junction protein claudin 18.2(CLDN18.2)as a candidate target for cancer treatment,and zolbetuximab(formerly known as IMAB362)has been developed against CLDN18.2.However,there are few data reported thus far related to the clinicopathological characteristics of CLDN18.2 expression for PDAC.AIM To investigate the expression of CLDN18.2 in PDAC patients and subsequently propose a new target for the treatment of PDAC.METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas,Genotype-Tissue Expression,Gene Expression Omnibus,and European Genome-phenome Archive databases were first employed to analyze the CLDN18 gene expression in normal pancreatic tissue compared to that in pancreatic cancer tissue.Second,we analyzed the expression of CLDN18.2 in 93 primary PDACs,86 para-cancer tissues,and 13 normal pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemistry.Immunostained tissues were assessed applying the histoscore.subsequently,they fell into two groups according to the expression state of CLDN18.2.Furthermore,the correlations between CLDN18.2 expression and diverse clinicopathological characteristics,including survival,were investigated.RESULTS The gene expression of CLDN18 was statistically higher(P<0.01)in pancreatic tumors than in normal tissues.However,there was no significant correlation between CLDN18 expression and survival in pancreatic cancer patients.CLDN18.2 was expressed in 88(94.6%)of the reported PDACs.Among these tumors,50(56.8%)cases showed strong immunostaining.The para-cancer tissues were positive in 81(94.2%)cases,among which 32(39.5%)of cases were characterized for strong staining intensities.Normal pancreatic tissue was identified solely via weak immunostaining.Finally,CLDN18.2 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,nerve invasion,stage,and survival of PDAC patients,while there was no correlation between CLDN18.2 expression and localization,tumor size,patient age and sex,nor any other clinicopathological characteristic.CONCLUSION CLDN18.2 expression is frequently increased in PDAC patients.Thus,it may act as a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in PDAC.

Successful treatment of an enormous rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma by endoscopic full-thickness resection:A case report

BACKGROUND Colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(MALToma),a rare kind of nongastric MALToma,lacks consensus on its endoscopic features and standard therapies.According to previous studies on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of colorectal MALToma,endoscopic resection remains a good therapeutic strategy.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old woman suffered intermittent hematochezia for 1 mo,accompanied with abdominal pains but without weight loss,fever,chills or fatigue.Colonoscopy showed a massive hemispheric mass with rough and hyperemic mucosa in the lower rectum.Narrow-band imaging magnifying endoscopy detected some branching abnormal blood vessels and disappearance of glandular structure,which was similar with the tree-like appearance sign in gastric MALToma.Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed the lesion to be hypoechoic,boundary-defined,and echo uniform inside,originating from the muscularis propria.Abdominal enhanced computed tomography(CT)demonstrated a soft tissue mass with defined boundary.No enlarged superficial lymph nodes were detected by B-mode ultrasound.C13-urea breath test and serum Helicobacter pylori antibody were both negative.The patient underwent endoscopic full-thickness resection.Postoperative pathological analysis indicated colorectal MALToma.The patient remained asymptomatic after discharge,and follow-up positron emission tomography–CT and colonoscopy showed no residual lesion,remnants or lymph node metastasis.CONCLUSION This case provides new information on the specific endoscopic features of colorectal MALToma and an alternative treatment for patients.

CH_(4)-Ne体系的三维从头算势能面与光谱的模拟

本文在从头算CCSD(T)/AVXZ(X=T,Q)水平上计算了CH_(4)-Ne体系的三维势能面,同时在基组中加入了键函数,并且将基组外推到完全基组极限水平.通过最小二乘法拟合摩斯长程势能函数形式,获得了三维分析势能面,其中对664个从头算格点的拟合的标准偏差仅为0.042 cm^(-1).随后,采用径向离散变量表象和角度有限基组表象相结合的杂化基函数方法,并基于Lanzcos迭代的方法获得了CH_(4)-Ne体系的振转能级,所预测的红外光谱与实验值非常吻合.本文首次给出了CH_(4)-Ne体系的微波光谱数据.CH_(4)-Ne体系三维摩斯长程势能面分析的表达式为今后CH_(4)在Ne团簇动力学性质以及其碰撞诱导吸收光谱的研究中奠定了基础.

Metallurgy and Solidification Microstructure Control of Fusion-Based Additive Manufacturing Fabricated Metallic Alloys:A Review

The metal-based additive manufacturing(AM),also referred to as metal 3D printing,has drawn particular interest because it enables direct creation,aided by computationally-directed path design,of intricate components with site-specific compositions and geometrical requirements as well as low buy-to-fly ratios.During the last two decades,the objective of this revolutionary technology has been shifting from only“rapid prototyping”to advanced manufacturing of special high-end products or devices,which,in many aspects,outperform conventional manufacturing technologies.For fusion-based AM,significant progress has been achieved in understanding the processing window of macroscopic scales,non-equilibrium metallurgy of mesoscale scales,and grain evolution of microscopic scales.Although the versatile capacity of AM facilitates new avenues for discovering advanced materials and structures,their potential has still not been fully explored.Given the unique non-equilibrium solidification during the AM process,coarse columnar grains with strong textures are usually developed along the build direction,which downgrades the mechanical performance.To push the limits of this digital manufacturing,this review attempts to provide in-depth and comprehensive overviews of the recent progress in understanding the evolution and control of the as-built microstructure that has been made recently and the challenges encountered during the AM process.

Modular divergent creation of dual-cocatalysts integrated semiconducting sulfide nanotriads for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Heteronanostructures(HNs)with precise components and interfaces are important for many applications,such as designing efficient and robust solar-to-fuel catalysts via integrating specific semiconductors with favorable band alignments.However,rationally endowing such features with rigorous framework control remains a synthetic bottleneck.Herein,we report a modular divergent creation of dual-cocatalysts integrated semiconducting sulfide nanotriads(NTds),comprising both isolated Pd_(x)S oxidation(ox)and MoS_(2) reduction(red)domains within each single CdS counterpart,which exhibit superior photocatalytic activity and stability for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The stepwise constructed Pd_(x)S_((ox))−CdS−MoS_(2(red)) NTds possess dualinterfaces facilitating continuous charge separation and segregated active sites accelerating redox reactions,respectively,achieving the HER rate up to 9 mmol·h^(−1)·g^(−1),which is about 60 times higher than that of bare CdS,and show no evidence of deactivation after long-term cycling.This design principle and transformation protocol provide predictable retrosynthetic pathways to HNs with increased degree of complexity and more elaborate functionalities that are otherwise inaccessible.

Towards reliable assessment of hydrogen oxidation electrocatalysts for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells

Recent advancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells has led to commercial sales of fuel-cell cars but market barrier exists because this technology heavily relies on platinum catalyst.Given the permission of adopting platinum-group-metal-free catalysts,anion-exchange membrane fuel cell has received notable attention.However,the sluggish kinetics of anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)largely limit the cell efficiency.Although many high-performance HOR catalysts have been reported,there are analytical uncertainties in the literature concerning the assessment of the catalyst activity.Here we determine the origin of false HOR currents in the recorded polarization curves and propose a rigorous approach to eliminate them.We unveil experimentally the uncertainties of obtaining exchange current densities(j0)using Tafel plot from Bulter–Volmer equation and recommend employing the micro-polarization region method.For bulky catalysts that cannot establish a well-defined diffusion layer,we suggest applying external stirring bar to offer certain level of enforced convection and using j0 to compare the activity.

Risks analysis of large diameter slurry shield tunneling in urban area

The construction of super-large tunnels generates various safety risks that can hamper the tunneling process and cause severe damages if not properly identified.This paper presents a case study on the identification and management of geological and environmental risks during the construction of the largest(a diameter of 15.8 m)slurry shield tunnel in China.Its ground conditions and settlement control were identified among the most challenging owing to a large area of mixed ground conditions,11 fault zones and tunneling under residential areas and the city’s Metro Lines 1 and 9.In response to the severity of these risks and challenges,novel monitoring systems,ground treatment,and safety management technologies were successfully implemented throughout the tunneling process.Further,a technical framework was proposed in this study to serve as a risk management guidance for analogous tunneling operations.

Advances on supramolecular assembly of cyclometalated platinum(Ⅱ) complexes

Organoplatinum（Ⅱ） compounds have received enormous attention over the past decades due to their square-planar geometry as well as intriguing photo-physical properties.Self-assembly has emerged as an excellent approach to create well-ordered supramolecular architectures with tunable properties,which underpin the role of solvent-directed approach for the design of functional materials.In this minireview,the recent advances on supramolecular self-assembly of cyclometalated platinum（Ⅱ） complexes have been discussed.During the self-assembly process,non-covalent Pt-Pt and π-π interactions play crucial roles in controlling the structures and functions of the resulting assemblies.

Comparative chemical characters of Sparganii Rhizoma from different regions in China

Objective： To compare the chemical characters of Sparganii Rhizoma from different areas via chromatographic analysis and to establish a sensitive LC/MS method for quality assessment of Sparganii Rhizoma.Methods： Under the optimised HPLC-PDA chromatographic conditions,twenty batches of Sparganii Rhizoma were analyzed by HPLC fingerprints.Principal component analysis（PCA）,orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）and hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）were performed based on all peak areas of Sparganii Rhizoma fingerprints.Meanwhile,part of common peaks were subsequently quantified by UFLC-QTRAP-MS.Results： The similarity values of HPLC fingerprints fluctuated in a wide range of 0.511–0.973,which showed variable differences of chemical characters among Sparganii Rhizoma from twenty habitats.PCA,OPLS-DA and HCA indicated that samples could be divided into five groups with different chemical characters,which generally corresponded with their geographical distributions.A total of 31 peaks in HPLC fingerprints were marked,and eight of them were identified and quantified.The quantitative result was generally in agreement with the classifications based on HPLC fingerprints,which indicated that Sparganii Rhizoma samples from eastern China mostly contained more contents including phenolic acids and flavonoids.Conclusion： This study not only proved that there were relationships between geographic distributions and internal chemical compositions of plants,which could provide evidence to the traditional Chinese medicine concept ＂geo-authentic＂,but also supplied a sensitive and rapid simultaneous quantitive method for the quality estimation of Sparganii Rhizoma.

Joint Resource Allocation for Lifetime-aware Cooperative Multi-carrier DF System

In this paper,we study the problem of optimal resource allocation for lifetime maximization in an orthogonal-frequencydivision multiplexing(OFDM)system with decode-and-forward relay.The goal is to minimize total energy cost of the system by jointly optimizing power allocation,subcarrier pairing and relay selection.We present a heuristic solution that is composed of two parts.The first part is an optimal power allocation approach to allocate power to a subcarrier pair of the source and the relay.The second part is a modified Hungarian algorithm to make subcarrier pairing and relay selection.Evaluations show that the presented scheme outperforms other schemes in the total transmitted data and the network lifetime.

Botulinum Toxin A for Treatment of Diaphragmatic Myoclonus

To the Editor： Diaphragmatic myoclonus, as a typical unusual focal dyskinesia, is characterized by repetitive involuntary synchronous contractions of the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles. Various clinical presentations and difficulties in identifying etiology might lead to its late diagnoses and ineffective treatment in many cases. Botulinum toxin A has a paralyzing effect on muscles. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been few reports of injecting botulinum toxin A to the diaphragm. In this case, we reported that diaphragmatic myoclonus was successfully treated by injecting botulinum toxin A into the diaphragm and the rectus abdominis （RA） under needle electromyography （EMG） guidance.

A design constraint for a double-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic erecting system

Hydraulic erecting systems are widely used in missile and rocket launchers because of their high power density.The double-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinder(DATHC)plays a decisive role in the safe and proper operation of such systems.In particular,improper design of effective areas of a DATHC could potentially lead to an overspeed descent with severe damage for the erecting system.Unfortunately,there is no design constraint for DATHC to prevent this.Therefore,in this paper,a simplified and practical design constraint is proposed.Based on a developed mathematical model of a typical erecting system,we simulated and analyzed not only six cases meeting and not meeting the design constraint,but also the effectiveness of the design constraint under different loads.Experiments were then carried out under four cases.Simulation and experimental results validate the simplified design constraint,a constraint inequation guiding the design of diameters of effective areas for a DATHC.

Parkin Inhibits Static Mechanical Pain by Suppressing Membrane Trafficking of Mechano-transducing Ion Channel TACAN

Dear Editor,Clinical practice shows that harmless mechanical stimulation can cause pain in humans after inflammation or nerve injury,leading to asensation called mechanical allodynia[].Mechanicalallodyniacomesin many forms:dynamic allodynia caused by something as light as a brushstroke,static allodynia caused by stimulation by weak von Frey filaments[2],which seriously disturbs thequalityof life and working abilityofpatients.Parkin,an E3ubiquitin ligase,is linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease(PD)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)[3,4].