Establishment of a prognostic model related to tregs and natural killer cells infiltration in bladder cancer

BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells(Tregs)and natural killer(NK)cells play an essential role in the development of bladder urothelial carcinoma(BUC).AIM To construct a prognosis-related model to judge the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer,meanwhile,predict the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.METHODS Bladder cancer information data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE32894.The CIBERSORT was used to calculate the immune score of each sample.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to find genes that will have the same or similar expression patterns.Subsequently,multivariate cox regression and lasso regression was used to further screen prognosis-related genes.The prrophetic package was used to predict phenotype from gene expression data,drug sensitivity of external cell line and predict clinical data.RESULTS The stage and risk scores are independent prognostic factors in patients with BUC.Mutations in FGFR3 lead to an increase in Tregs percolation and affect the prognosis of the tumor,and additionally,EMP1,TCHH and CNTNAP3B in the model are mainly positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoints,while CMTM8,SORT1 and IQSEC1 are negatively correlated with immune checkpoints and the high-risk group had higher sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.CONCLUSION Prognosis-related models of bladder tumor patients,based on Treg and NK cell percolation in tumor tissue.In addition to judging the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer,it can also predict the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.At the same time,patients were divided into high and low risk groups based on this model,and differences in genetic mutations were found between the high and low risk groups.

Predictive value of neutrophil infiltration as a marker of Helicobacter pylori infection

AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil infiltration as a marker of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection.METHODS:A total of 315 patients with dyspepsia symptoms who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in this study.Biopsies were evaluated using the updated Sydney system.The medication history of all patients in the preceding 4 wk was recorded.The diagnosis of H.pylori infection was based on 13 C-urea breath test at least 4 wk after withdrawal of antisecretory drugs,antibiotics and related drugs.For the patients with subtotal gastrectomy,the diagnosis of H.pylori infection was based on anti-H.pylori immunoglobulin G(IgG) antibody.Serum anti-H.pylori IgG antibody was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(Biohit,Finland).RESULTS:The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of neutrophil infiltration in the diagnosis of H.pylori infection were 92.3%,83.5%,77.4% and 94.7%,respectively.Neutrophil infiltration of gastric mucosa in the histological analysis was strongly associated with H.pylori infection(77.4% vs 5.3% in the neutrophil infiltration negative group,P = 0.000).Moderate neutrophil infiltration was more frequent in H.pylori infection when compared to mild infiltration(81.8% and 75%,respectively),but did not reach statistical significance.For those patients with negative rapid urease test,H.pylori was detected in 73.2% of patients with positive neutrophil infiltration on histology.In patients with subtotal gastrectomy,the diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil infiltration inH.pylori infection was 50%.CONCLUSION:Neutrophil infiltration is closely associated with H.pylori and may be recognized as a sign of this infection.

Identification of functionally active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area,South China Sea

Large amounts of gas hydrate are distributed in the northern slope of the South China Sea,which is a potential threat of methane leakage.Aerobic methane oxidation by methanotrophs,significant methane biotransformation that occurs in sediment surface and water column,can effectively reduce atmospheric emission of hydrate-decomposed methane.To identify active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area in the South China Sea,multi-day enrichment incubations were conducted in this study.The results show that the methane oxidation rates in the studied sediments were 2.03‒2.36μmol/gdw/d,which were higher than those obtained by sediment incubations from other areas in marine ecosystems.Thus the authors suspect that the methane oxidation potential of methanotrophs was relatively higher in sediments from the Shenhu Area.After the incubations family Methylococcaea(type I methanotrophs)mainly consisted of genus Methylobacter and Methylococcaea_Other were predominant with an increased proportion of 70.3%,whereas Methylocaldum decreased simultaneously in the incubated sediments.Collectively,this study may help to gain a better understanding of the methane biotransformation in the Shenhu Area.

Research on anti-pancreatic cancer mechanism of Codonopsis codonopsis based on network pharmacology

Objective:The mechanism of Dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula)in treating pancreatic cancer(PC)was explored by network pharmacology technology and platform.Methods:The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP)was used to collect the effective compounds and potential targets of C.pilosula,and the genes associated with PC were obtained through the GeneCards database,the interaction genes between the effective compound targets of C.pilosula and PC targets were explored by the Venny method.The following mapping the interaction genes into a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,and the key targets were screened.Finally,the interactive genes were imported into the DAVID database for gene ontology(GO)annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signal enrichment.Results:Twenty-one effective compounds and 98 downstream target genes of C.pilosula were screened through the TCMSP database.A total of 1,278 PC target genes were obtained through the GeneCards database,and the number of overlap genes between C.pilosula targets and PC related genes was 54,of which 10 were key node genes,namely CASP3,TP53,MDM2,AKT1,ESR1,BCL2L1,MCL1,HSP90AA1,CASP9,and CCND.These interactive genes involved a total of 30 typical GO terms and 20 KEGG signals.Conclusion:C.pilosula may play a role in treating PC through multi-component,multi-target,and multi-signal pathways.

MDA-JITL model for on-line mechanical property prediction

Mechanical performance prediction is the key to the transformation and upgrading of steel enterprises to intelligent manufacturing.Due to time-varying manufacturing data,the traditional prediction model of mechanical properties of hotrolled strip may cause performance degradation or even failure in its use.An MDA-JITL model was thus proposed to handle the modeling problem of complex time-varying data.Relevant parameters were first chosen and normalized.Then,a distance measurement method combining the importance of data attributes and time characteristics was designed to select the most suitable samples for on-line local modeling.After that,using the chosen dataset,a linear local model was created to predict target sample.Finally,an uncertainty evaluation method was designed to evaluate the uncertainty of prediction results.Furthermore,the appropriate dataset partition and off-line simulation experiment scheme were created based on the peculiarities of hot-rolling production.The suggested model performs much better than the classic global model when applied to actual production data from a steel plant.The stability of its prediction accuracy is demonstrated in a simulation prediction for up to five months.Moreover,there is a high link between the uncertainty evaluation metrics and the prediction error of the model,reducing the field sampling rate by 30%in industrial applications in the latest year.

潮汐作用对黄河口滨海浅层地下水细菌群落结构的影响

本研究通过连续采样获得完整潮汐周期的地下水样品,利用高通量测序和实时荧光定量PCR技术对样品中受潮汐作用影响的细菌群落结构进行研究。结果发现,在涨潮期细菌群落组成发生明显变化,其中,海洋细菌的占比逐渐增大,而在退潮期细菌群落组成趋于稳定。细菌丰度在涨潮前期较高,在涨潮后期及退潮阶段有所降低。SiO是显著影响地下水中细菌群落结构和丰度的环境因子(P<0.05)。综上可知,潮汐作用对滨海浅层地下水中微生物群落特征有明显影响。

Transcription and regulation of hepatitis B virus genes in host sperm cells

To investigate whether transcription of hepatitis B virus （HBV） gene occurs in human sperm, total RNA was extracted from sperm of patients with chronic HBV infection （test-I）, from donor sperm transfected with a plasmid containing the full-length HBV genome （test-2）, and from nontransfected donor sperm （control）, used as the template for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Positive bands for HBV DNA were observed in the test groups but not in the control. Next, to identify the role of host genes in regulating viral gene transcription in sperm, total RNA was extracted from 2-cell embryos derived from hamster oocytes fertilized in vitro by HBV-transfected （test） or nontransfected （control） human sperm and successively subjected to SMART-PCR, suppression subtractive hybridization, T/A cloning, bacterial amplification, microarray hybridization, sequencing and the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool （BLAST） search to isolate differentially expressed genes. Twenty-nine sequences showing significant identity to five human gene families were identified, with chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2 （CSH2）, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2 （EIF4G2）, pterin-4 alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase 2 （PCBD2）, pregnancy-specific beta-l-glycoprotein 4 （PSG4） and titin （TTN） selected to represent target genes. Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR （qRT-PCR）, when CSH2 and PCBD2 （or EIF4G2, PSG4 and TTN） were silenced by RNA interference, transcriptional levels of HBV s and x genes significantly decreased （or increased） （P 〈 0.05）. Silencing of a control gene in sperm did not significantly change transcription of HBV s and x genes （P 〉 0.05）. This study provides the first experimental evidence that transcription of HBV genes occurs in human sperm and is regulated by host genes.

Model Algorithm Research on Cooling Path Control of Hot-rolled Dual-phase Steel

With the development of advanced high strength steel,especially for dual-phase steel,the model algorithm for cooling control after hot rolling has to achieve the targeted coiling temperature control at the location of downcoiler whilst maintaining the cooling path control based on strip microstructure along the whole cooling section.A cooling path control algorithm was proposed for the laminar cooling process as a solution to practical difficulties associated with the realization of the thermal cycle during cooling process.The heat conduction equation coupled with the carbon diffusion equation with moving boundary was employed in order to simulate temperature change and phase transformation kinetics,making it possible to observe the temperature field and the phase fraction of the strip in real time.On this basis,an optimization method was utilized for valve settings to ensure the minimum deviations between the predicted and actual cooling path of the strip,taking into account the constraints of the cooling equipment′s specific capacity,cooling line length,etc.Results showed that the model algorithm was able to achieve the online cooling path control for dual-phase steel.

Long-Term Androgen-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model is Related to Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Objective:Metabolic disorders are markedly common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is observed in 30%-55%of all PCOS patients.Many studies have reported that autophagy and apoptosis,which are closely related to mitochondrial function,play important roles in the development of NAFLD.Therefore,in this study,we aimed to explore the role of mitochondrial dysfunction caused by liver apoptosis and autophagy imbalance in the development of NAFLD in a PCOS mouse model.Methods:We used a dihydrotestosterone(DHT)-induced PCOS model to mimic the pathological process of hyperandrogenism.Hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O staining assays were used to observe the pathological changes in the liver.Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to perform mitochondrion-related assays.Results:Hepatic steatosis and different degrees of inflammation were observed in the DHT-treated mice.The expression of molecules involved in the respiratory chain and aerobic respiration process was altered.The levels of the key molecules associated with apoptosis and autophagy were abnormal.Conclusions:Androgens may play a role in the process of hepatic steatosis development by affecting mitochondrial function and subsequently inducing apoptosis and autophagy.Such phenomena might be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in women with PCOS.