Simulation of DC glow discharge plasma with free-moving dust particles in the radial direction

A self-consistent fluid model is developed to investigate the radial distributions of dusty plasma parameters in a DC glow discharge,in which the extended fluid approach of plasma particles and the transport equations of dust particles are coupled.The electrical interaction between charged dust particles is considered in the model.The time evolution of radial distributions of dust density,plasma density,the radial component of electric field and the forces acting on dust particles when dust density tends to be stable,are obtained and analyzed under different discharge currents and dust particle radii.It is shown that the dust density structure is determined mainly by the radial electrostatic force,thermophoretic force and ion drag force in the discharge tube,and both discharge current and dust particle radius have an obvious effect on the transport processes of dust particles.The dust particles gather in the central region of the discharge tube for low discharge current and small dust radius,then dust voids are formed and become wider when the discharge current and dust radius increase.The plasma parameters in the dust gathering region are obviously affected by the dust particles due to the charging processes of electrons and ions to the dust surface.

Crizotinib： From Chemical Entity to Anticancer Agent

Crizotinib is a mesenchymal-epithelial transition/anaplastic largecell kinase （MET/ALK） multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been rapidly and successfully developed as an inhibitor in ALK-rearranged NSCLC （non-small cell lung cancer）. Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-related mortality, accounting for over one quarter of cancer deaths. Lung cancers are generally divided into two main categories： SCLC （small cell lung cancer） and NSCLC. NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. ALK gene rearrangements are identified and targeted resulting in promising response rates for NSCLC in early studies. Considering the significance of Crizotinib in the treatment of NSCLC, the synthesis, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic trials and adverse events are briefly overviewed in order to make more scholars, medical workers and patients have a more clear and comprehensive recognition on Crizotinib.

An HDR Imaging Method With DTDI Technology for Push-Broom Cameras

Conventionally, high dynamic-range （HDR） imaging is based on taking two or more pictures of the same scene with different exposure. However, due to a high-speed relative motion between the camera and the scene, it is hard for this technique to be applied to push-broom remote sensing cameras. For the sake of HDR imaging in push-broom remote sensing applications, the present paper proposes an innovative method which can generate HDR images without redundant image sensors or optical components. Specifically, this paper adopts an area array CMOS （complementary metal oxide semiconductor） with the digital domain time-delay-integration （DTDI） technology for imaging, instead of adopting more than one row of image sensors, thereby taking more than one picture with different exposure. And then a new HDR image by fusing two original images with a simple algorithm can be achieved. By conducting the experiment, the dynamic range （DR） of the image increases by 26.02dB. The proposed method is proved to be effective and has potential in other imaging applications where there is a relative motion between the cameras and scenes.

Evaluation of the individual hydrogen bonding energies in N-methylacetamide chains

The individual hydrogen bonding energies in N-methylacetamide chains were evaluated at the MP2/6-31+G** level including BSSE correction and at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2pd) level including BSSE and van der Waals correction.The calculation results indicate that compared with MP2 results,B3LYP calculations without van der Waals correction underestimate the individual hydrogen bonding energies about 5.4 kJ m ol-1 for both the terminal and central hydrogen bonds,whereas B3LYP calculations with van der Waals correction produce almost the same individual hydrogen bonding energies as MP2 does for those terminal hydrogen bonds,but still underestimate the individual hydrogen bonding energies about 2.5 kJ mol-1 for the hydrogen bonds near the center.Our calculation results show that the individual hydrogen bonding energy becomes more negative (more attractive) as the chain becomes longer and that the hydrogen bonds close to the interior of the chain are stronger than those near the ends.The weakest individual hydrogen bonding energy is about-29.0 kJ m ol-1 found in the dimer,whereas with the growth of the N-methylacetamide chain the individual hydrogen bonding energy was estimated to be as large as-62.5 kJ mol-1 found in the N-methylacetamide decamer,showing that there is a significant hydrogen bond cooperative effect in N-methylacetamide chains.The natural bond orbital analysis indicates that a stronger hydrogen bond corresponds to a larger positive charge for the H atom and a larger negative charge for the O atom in the N-H···O=C bond,corresponds to a stronger second-order stabilization energy between the oxygen lone pair and the N-H antibonding orbital,and corresponds to more charge transfer between the hydrogen bonded donor and acceptor molecules.

A simple fabrication method of germanium-based metasurfaces

In this work,a simple fabrication method of germanium-based metasurfaces is proposed,where the deposited Al_(2)O_(3) layer with high selectivity is chosen as the hard mask and retained after the dry etching process.The simulation and experimental characterization results verify the feasibility of the fabrication method.The experimental study on the fabrication methods of germanium-based metasurfaces is very significant as the meta-atoms with a higher refractive index can achieve 0 to 2πtransmission phase variation with a smaller period under the same thickness-to-period ratio,which is consistent with the requirement of the period miniaturization in some cases.