Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of applying ANOVA newly proposed by Yukinori to verify the setup errors, PTV (Planning Target Volume) margins, DVH for lung cancer with SBRT. Methods: 20 patients receiving SBRT...Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of applying ANOVA newly proposed by Yukinori to verify the setup errors, PTV (Planning Target Volume) margins, DVH for lung cancer with SBRT. Methods: 20 patients receiving SBRT to 50 Gy in 5 fractions with a Varian iX linear acceleration were selected. Each patient was scanned with kV-CBCT before the daily treatment to verify the setup position. Two other error calculation methods raised by Van Herk and Remeijer were also compared to discover the statistical difference in systematic errors (Σ), random errors (σ), PTV margins and DVH. Results: Utilizing two PTV margin calculation formulas (Stroom, Van Herk), PTV calculated by Yukinori method in three directions were (5.89 and 3.95), (5.54 and 3.55), (3.24 and 0.78) mm;Van Herk method were (6.10 and 4.25), (5.73 and 3.83), (3.51 and 1.13) mm;Remeijer method were (6.39 and 4.57), (5.98 and 4.10), (3.69 and 1.33) mm. The volumes of PTV using Yukinori method were significantly smaller (P < 0.05) than Van Herk method and Remeijer method. However, dosimetric indices of PTV (D98, D50, D2) and for OARs (Mean Dose, V20, V5) had no significant difference (P > 0.05) among three methods. Conclusions: In lung SBRT treatment, due to fraction reduction and high level of dose per fraction, ANOVA was able to offset the effect of random factors in systematic errors, reducing the PTV margins and volumes. However, no distinct dose distribution improvement was founded in target volume and organs at risk.展开更多
Excessive beta-amyloid （Aβ） plays a detrimental role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, which is closely associated with apoptosis and oxidative stress in neurons. Therefore, identification of acti...Excessive beta-amyloid （Aβ） plays a detrimental role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, which is closely associated with apoptosis and oxidative stress in neurons. Therefore, identification of active small molecules with potent effects on neutralizing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity would be a promising strategy for delaying or preventing AD progression. In the present study, we discovered that pretreatment with CF-1 （（1R,2S,4R,5S,7R,9S, IOS）-1,15-diacetoxy-2-benzoyloxy-9-cinnamoyloxy- β-di-hydroagarofuran）, a sesquiterpene isolated from the seeds of Celastrus flagellaris, attenuated Aβ25_35-induced reduction in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, as evaluated by the 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Above neuroprotective effect of CF-1 was associated with a significant decrease of apoptotic cells as measured by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI） staining, which concurrently happened with marked inhibition in the level of cleaved Caspase-3, an apoptotic executive protein. CF-1 pretreatment also markedly reduced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） following Aβ exposure in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, but such pretreatment had no notable influence on 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） scavenging. In conclusion, we demonstrated that a novel natural product, CF-1, possessed promising effects against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress, which could be a potential drug lead or candidate for the treatment of Aβ-associated neurotoxicity.展开更多
Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to infla...Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to inflation models, we studied anisotropic inflation models that involve one vector and one scalar using several types of potentials. We determined the general relationship between the degree of anisotropy and the fraction of the vector and scalar fields, and concluded that the anisotropies behave independently of the potentials. We also generalized our study to the case of multi-directional anisotropies.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of applying ANOVA newly proposed by Yukinori to verify the setup errors, PTV (Planning Target Volume) margins, DVH for lung cancer with SBRT. Methods: 20 patients receiving SBRT to 50 Gy in 5 fractions with a Varian iX linear acceleration were selected. Each patient was scanned with kV-CBCT before the daily treatment to verify the setup position. Two other error calculation methods raised by Van Herk and Remeijer were also compared to discover the statistical difference in systematic errors (Σ), random errors (σ), PTV margins and DVH. Results: Utilizing two PTV margin calculation formulas (Stroom, Van Herk), PTV calculated by Yukinori method in three directions were (5.89 and 3.95), (5.54 and 3.55), (3.24 and 0.78) mm;Van Herk method were (6.10 and 4.25), (5.73 and 3.83), (3.51 and 1.13) mm;Remeijer method were (6.39 and 4.57), (5.98 and 4.10), (3.69 and 1.33) mm. The volumes of PTV using Yukinori method were significantly smaller (P < 0.05) than Van Herk method and Remeijer method. However, dosimetric indices of PTV (D98, D50, D2) and for OARs (Mean Dose, V20, V5) had no significant difference (P > 0.05) among three methods. Conclusions: In lung SBRT treatment, due to fraction reduction and high level of dose per fraction, ANOVA was able to offset the effect of random factors in systematic errors, reducing the PTV margins and volumes. However, no distinct dose distribution improvement was founded in target volume and organs at risk.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81473113)
文摘Excessive beta-amyloid （Aβ） plays a detrimental role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, which is closely associated with apoptosis and oxidative stress in neurons. Therefore, identification of active small molecules with potent effects on neutralizing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity would be a promising strategy for delaying or preventing AD progression. In the present study, we discovered that pretreatment with CF-1 （（1R,2S,4R,5S,7R,9S, IOS）-1,15-diacetoxy-2-benzoyloxy-9-cinnamoyloxy- β-di-hydroagarofuran）, a sesquiterpene isolated from the seeds of Celastrus flagellaris, attenuated Aβ25_35-induced reduction in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, as evaluated by the 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Above neuroprotective effect of CF-1 was associated with a significant decrease of apoptotic cells as measured by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI） staining, which concurrently happened with marked inhibition in the level of cleaved Caspase-3, an apoptotic executive protein. CF-1 pretreatment also markedly reduced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） following Aβ exposure in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, but such pretreatment had no notable influence on 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） scavenging. In conclusion, we demonstrated that a novel natural product, CF-1, possessed promising effects against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress, which could be a potential drug lead or candidate for the treatment of Aβ-associated neurotoxicity.
基金supported by the Project of Undergraduates’Training Program for Innovation/VenturingCentral China Normal University(Grant No.B2014179)
文摘Anomalies in recent observational data indicate that there might be some "anisotropic hair" generated in an inflation period. To obtain general information about the effects of this anisotropic hair to inflation models, we studied anisotropic inflation models that involve one vector and one scalar using several types of potentials. We determined the general relationship between the degree of anisotropy and the fraction of the vector and scalar fields, and concluded that the anisotropies behave independently of the potentials. We also generalized our study to the case of multi-directional anisotropies.
