考古新发现有“成都”字迹的秦汉文物

考古所得的云梦睡虎地秦简、荥经“成都”矛、青川吕不韦戈、蒲江“成都”矛这几件带有“成都”字迹的战国晚期文物,在关于“成都”得名的研究中,被反复作为证据,证明“成都”得名于秦统一巴蜀后。近年来,又在成都、西安发现了有“成都”字迹的秦简、秦封泥,同样也是战国晚期的文物。这不仅佐证了“成都”确实得名于秦统一巴蜀后,还证明成都自从纳入全国统一战略后,确实迅速发展、繁荣,走向了成功。

任乃强先生对“成都”得名研究的贡献

任乃强先生在上世纪80年代初连续发表了《成都》《赞同〈试为“成都”得名进一解〉》两文。他是继北宋史家以后第二个解释成都名义的,引发了关于“成都”来源和涵义的研究,有益于成都的发展。在这方面,任先生是引导者,贡献极大。之后,在有关成都历史的介绍中,无论是官方还是民间,多采用了任先生的说法。任先生学识非常渊博,却决不故步自封,在关于“成都”得名的研究中,堪称“活到老,学到老”的典范。不过,任先生撰写、发表两文时,年已耄耋,记忆力已经大不如前,所以他在《成都》一文的文末特别注明“未暇翻检书史,详作考证”。可叹的是,许多对任先生文字的引用者“懒”得去翻检书史,核对古籍原文,以致沿袭了任先生文字的某些舛误。

Facial paralysis in cerebral infarction:A case of misdiagnosis and literature review

Facial paralysis can be classified as central or peripheral facial paralysis based on the location of the underlying lesion,both of which demonstrate facial motor dysfunction.In the currently report,a patient admitted to the department of otology,First People’s Hospital of Qinhuangdao,presented with facial asymmetry as the initial symptom of a cerebral infarction and was first misdiagnosed as peripheral facial paralysis.The case is reported as follows.

成都史前古城延续时间何以短暂?

在都江堰建成之前,岷江对成都平原造成的洪涝灾害也是经常性的,濒水而居的古蜀人聚居区经常被洪水冲毁,不得不迁移别处。在开成都“二江”进行排水之前,成都平原低洼潮湿的地形、膨胀松软的土质,难以建立坚固的城镇都市;即使建立了,存在的时间也有限。远古时期的古蜀人,生产力低下,没有科学技术,当地震、瘟疫与战争到来时,他们没有防卫、抵抗的能力,灭族灭城的情况恐怕并不少见。

Biomaterial-induced macrophage polarization for bone regeneration

As the main target cells of immune regulation,macrophages play an important role in the bone regeneration process.Macrophages can be polarized into the M1 and M2 types under the stimulation of different factors.They have proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects,respectively,and play key roles in different stages of bone regeneration.The ratio of M1 to M2 macrophages can be regulated by immunomodulatory biomaterials to promote bone repair and regeneration.In this paper,we review the recent literature on the chemical,physical and biological properties of biomaterials and the regulation of macrophage polarization under the influence of other factors.We also cover new methods for preparing immunomodulatory biomaterials for bone regeneration.This paper will provide new design ideas for the development of biomaterials with immunological properties and will support the clinical translation of bone-related medical biomaterials.

Thermosensitive injectable hydrogel loaded with hypoxia-induced exosomes maintains chondrocyte phenotype through NDRG3-mediated hypoxic response

Current clinical treatments cannot effectively delay the progression of osteoarthritis(OA).Consequently,joint replacement surgery is required for late-stage OA when patients cannot tolerate pain and joint dysfunction.Therefore,the prevention of OA progression in the early and middle stages is an urgent clinical problem.In a previous study,we demonstrated that NDRG3-mediated hypoxic response might be closely related to the development and progression of OA.In this study,an injectable thermosensitive hydrogel was established by cross-linking Pluronic F-127 and hyaluronic acid(HA)for the sustained release of hypoxia-induced exosomes(HExos)derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.We demonstrated that for OA at the early and middle stages,the HExos-loaded HP hydrogel could maintain the chondrocyte phenotype by enhancing chondrocyte autophagy,reducing chondrocyte apoptosis,and promoting chondrocyte activity and proliferation through the NDRG3-mediated hypoxic response.This novel composite hydrogel,which could activate the NDRG3-mediated hypoxic response,may provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the treatment of early-and mid-stage OA.

Evaluation of 124I-JS001 for hPD1 immuno-PET imaging using sarcoma cell homografts in humanized mice

JS001(toripalimab)is a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody which strongly inhibits programmed cell death protein 1(PD1).In this study,we used a different iodine isotype(nat/124/125I)to label JS001 probes to target the human PD1(hPD1)antigen.In vitro,the half maximal effective concentration(EC50)value of natI-JS001 did not significantly differ from that of JS001.The uptake of 125I-JS001 by activated T cells was 5.63 times higher than that by nonactivated T cells after 2 h of incubation.The binding affinity of 125I-JS001 to T cells of different lineages after phytohemagglutinin(PHA)stimulation reached 4.26 nmol/L.Humanized PD1 C57 BL/6 mice bearing mouse sarcoma S180 cell tumors were validated for immuno-positron emission tomography(immuno-PET)imaging.Pathological staining was used to assess the expression of PD1 in tumor tissues.The homologous 124I-human IgG(124I-hIgG)group or blocking group was used as a control group.Immuno-PET imaging showed that the uptake in the tumor area of the 124I-JS001 group at different time points was significantly higher than that of the blocking group or the 124I-hIgG group in the humanized PD1 mouse model.Taken together,these results suggest that this radiotracer has potential for noninvasive monitoring and directing tumor-specific personalized immunotherapy in PD1-positive tumors.