Micro RNAs(miRNAs)are key regulators of gene expression in many important biological processes of plants.However,few miRNAs have been shown to regulate seed vigor.Here,we conducted microarray assays to analyze miRNA e...Micro RNAs(miRNAs)are key regulators of gene expression in many important biological processes of plants.However,few miRNAs have been shown to regulate seed vigor.Here,we conducted microarray assays to analyze miRNA expression levels in seeds of the rice(Oryza sativa L.)cultivar ZR02.Results showed significant differences in the expression of 11 miRNAs between artificially aged and untreated control seeds.Among these,osa-miR164c was transcriptionally upregulated,while osamiR168 a was downregulated in artificially aged seeds;this was verified by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Under the same aging condition,osa-miR164c overexpression in OE164c transgenic seeds and osa-miR168a silencing in MIM168a transgenic seeds of the rice cultivar Kasalath led to lower germination rates,whereas osa-miR164c silencing Rin MIM164c and osa-miR168a overexpression in OE168a resulted in higher seed germination rates compared with wild-type seeds.Meanwhile,changes in cytomembrane permeability of seeds and in the expression level of osa-miR164c target genes(OsPM27 and OsPSK5)and osamiR168a target genes(OsAGO1 and OsPTR2)under aging conditions coincided with changes in seed vigor induced by osa-miR164c and osa-miR168 a.Thus,genetic manipulation of miRNAs has important implications in the development of crop cultivars with high vigor and extended life span of seeds.展开更多
Living electronics that converges the unique functioning modality of biological and electrical circuits has the potential to transform both fundamental biophysical/biochemical inquiries and translational biomedical/en...Living electronics that converges the unique functioning modality of biological and electrical circuits has the potential to transform both fundamental biophysical/biochemical inquiries and translational biomedical/engineering applications.This article will review recent progress in overcoming the intrinsic physiochemical and signaling mismatches at biological/electronic interfaces,with specific focus on strategic approaches in forging the functional synergy through:(1)biohybrid electronics,where genetically encoded bio-machineries are hybridized with electronic transducers to facilitate the translation/interpretation of biologically derived signals;and(2)biosynthetic electronics,where biogenic electron pathways are designed and programmed to bridge the gap between internal biological and external electrical circuits.These efforts are reconstructing the way that artificial electronics communicate with living systems,and opening up new possibilities for many cross-disciplinary applications in biosynthesis,sensing,energy transduction,and hybrid information processing.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270348,31671773,31500200,and 31470285)Special R&D Program for Constructing Shanxi Agriculture Valley(SXNGJSKYZX201702)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Ecology(0713)Hunan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Engineering and New Products for Developmental Biology(20134486)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(2014011004-1)。
文摘Micro RNAs(miRNAs)are key regulators of gene expression in many important biological processes of plants.However,few miRNAs have been shown to regulate seed vigor.Here,we conducted microarray assays to analyze miRNA expression levels in seeds of the rice(Oryza sativa L.)cultivar ZR02.Results showed significant differences in the expression of 11 miRNAs between artificially aged and untreated control seeds.Among these,osa-miR164c was transcriptionally upregulated,while osamiR168 a was downregulated in artificially aged seeds;this was verified by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Under the same aging condition,osa-miR164c overexpression in OE164c transgenic seeds and osa-miR168a silencing in MIM168a transgenic seeds of the rice cultivar Kasalath led to lower germination rates,whereas osa-miR164c silencing Rin MIM164c and osa-miR168a overexpression in OE168a resulted in higher seed germination rates compared with wild-type seeds.Meanwhile,changes in cytomembrane permeability of seeds and in the expression level of osa-miR164c target genes(OsPM27 and OsPSK5)and osamiR168a target genes(OsAGO1 and OsPTR2)under aging conditions coincided with changes in seed vigor induced by osa-miR164c and osa-miR168 a.Thus,genetic manipulation of miRNAs has important implications in the development of crop cultivars with high vigor and extended life span of seeds.
基金X.C.J.acknowledges the funding support from National Science Foundation(DMR-1652095,CBET-1803907)Air Force Office of Scientific Research(FA9550-18-1-0128).
文摘Living electronics that converges the unique functioning modality of biological and electrical circuits has the potential to transform both fundamental biophysical/biochemical inquiries and translational biomedical/engineering applications.This article will review recent progress in overcoming the intrinsic physiochemical and signaling mismatches at biological/electronic interfaces,with specific focus on strategic approaches in forging the functional synergy through:(1)biohybrid electronics,where genetically encoded bio-machineries are hybridized with electronic transducers to facilitate the translation/interpretation of biologically derived signals;and(2)biosynthetic electronics,where biogenic electron pathways are designed and programmed to bridge the gap between internal biological and external electrical circuits.These efforts are reconstructing the way that artificial electronics communicate with living systems,and opening up new possibilities for many cross-disciplinary applications in biosynthesis,sensing,energy transduction,and hybrid information processing.
