The flavonoid compounds are important secondary metabolites with versatile human nutritive benefits and fulfill a multitude of functions during plant growth and development.The abundance of different flavonoid compoun...The flavonoid compounds are important secondary metabolites with versatile human nutritive benefits and fulfill a multitude of functions during plant growth and development.The abundance of different flavonoid compounds are finely tuned with species-specific pattern by a ternary MBW complex,which consists of a MYB,a bHLH,and a WD40 protein,but the essential role of SlAN11,which is a WD40 protein,is not fully understood in tomato until now.In this study,a tomato WD40 protein named as SlAN11 was characterized as an effective transcription regulator to promote plant anthocyanin and seed proanthocyanidin(PA)contents,with late flavonoid biosynthetic genes activated in 35S::SlAN11 transgenic lines,while the dihydroflavonol flow to the accumulation of flavonols or their glycosylated derivatives was reduced by repressing the expression of SlFLS in this SlAN11-overexpressed lines.The above changes were reversed in 35S::SlAN11-RNAi transgenic lines except remained levels of flavonol compounds and SlFLS expression.Interestingly,our data revealed that SlAN11 gene could affect seed dormancy by regulating the expressions of abscisic acid(ABA)signaling-related genes SlABI3 and SlABI5,and the sensitivity to ABA treatment in seed germination is conversely changed by SlAN11-overexpressed or-downregulated lines.Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that SlAN11 interacted with bHLH but not with MYB proteins in the ternary MBW complex,whereas bHLH interacted with MYB in tomato.Our results indicated that low level of anthocyanins in tomato fruits,with low expression of bHLH(SlTT8)and MYB(SlANT1 and SlAN2)genes,remain unchanged upon modification of SlAN11 gene alone in the transgenic lines.These results suggest that the tomato WD40 protein SlAN11,coordinating with bHLH and MYB proteins,plays a crucial role in the fine adjustment of the flavonoid biosynthesis and seed dormancy in tomato.展开更多
Nature has been inextricably connected with human life. There is nature’s necessity, such as the cosmic order or bodily functions that men cannot change and have to comply with. There is nature’s authority. People u...Nature has been inextricably connected with human life. There is nature’s necessity, such as the cosmic order or bodily functions that men cannot change and have to comply with. There is nature’s authority. People use nature to build up social norms and to justify social and political actions. There are also nature’s ambiguities. There are no unchanging “essential” characteristics of nature and no fixed boundaries separating man and nature.① Our concepts about nature and our relationships to it draw very much on the ideas and norms of society in which we are born, socialized, and educated. And the other way round. Nature may be described and understood in very different ways so that it may serve as justification for very different and sometimes even opposite social and political actions. Nature’s moral and political significances can be seen in all cultures and in all times in human history. My topic is about how about how ancient Chinese conceptualized nature and how they used their conceptions and understandings of nature to think about ethics, government, and politics. I will also discuss how the Chinese emphasis on such moral and political meanings affected the style of the inquiry about nature.展开更多
In this paper, we define expectation of f∈F, i.e. E(f)=f(?), according to Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we derive a formula for the expectation of ...In this paper, we define expectation of f∈F, i.e. E(f)=f(?), according to Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we derive a formula for the expectation of random Hermite polynomial in Skorohod integral on Guichardet- Fock spaces. In particular, we prove that the anticipative Girsanov identities under the condition E(H<sub>x</sub>(δ(x),‖x‖<sup>2</sup>)),n≥1 on Guichardet-Fock spaces.展开更多
In this paper, we define expectation of f∈E, i.e. E(f)=f(?), accordingto Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we prove a moment identity for the Skorohod ...In this paper, we define expectation of f∈E, i.e. E(f)=f(?), accordingto Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we prove a moment identity for the Skorohod integrals aboutvacuum state.展开更多
基金The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31500205,No.31770644,and No.81703656)Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(No.17ZB0456 and No.13TD0023)+2 种基金Yunnan Engineering Laboratory for Agro-environment Pollution Control and Eco-remediation/The Innovation Team for Farmland Non-pollution Production of Yunnan Province(No.2017HC015)the doctoral Fund Project(No.14zx7157 and No.13zx7116)Longshan academic talent research supporting program(No.17LZXT09)of Southwest University of Science and Technology.
文摘The flavonoid compounds are important secondary metabolites with versatile human nutritive benefits and fulfill a multitude of functions during plant growth and development.The abundance of different flavonoid compounds are finely tuned with species-specific pattern by a ternary MBW complex,which consists of a MYB,a bHLH,and a WD40 protein,but the essential role of SlAN11,which is a WD40 protein,is not fully understood in tomato until now.In this study,a tomato WD40 protein named as SlAN11 was characterized as an effective transcription regulator to promote plant anthocyanin and seed proanthocyanidin(PA)contents,with late flavonoid biosynthetic genes activated in 35S::SlAN11 transgenic lines,while the dihydroflavonol flow to the accumulation of flavonols or their glycosylated derivatives was reduced by repressing the expression of SlFLS in this SlAN11-overexpressed lines.The above changes were reversed in 35S::SlAN11-RNAi transgenic lines except remained levels of flavonol compounds and SlFLS expression.Interestingly,our data revealed that SlAN11 gene could affect seed dormancy by regulating the expressions of abscisic acid(ABA)signaling-related genes SlABI3 and SlABI5,and the sensitivity to ABA treatment in seed germination is conversely changed by SlAN11-overexpressed or-downregulated lines.Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that SlAN11 interacted with bHLH but not with MYB proteins in the ternary MBW complex,whereas bHLH interacted with MYB in tomato.Our results indicated that low level of anthocyanins in tomato fruits,with low expression of bHLH(SlTT8)and MYB(SlANT1 and SlAN2)genes,remain unchanged upon modification of SlAN11 gene alone in the transgenic lines.These results suggest that the tomato WD40 protein SlAN11,coordinating with bHLH and MYB proteins,plays a crucial role in the fine adjustment of the flavonoid biosynthesis and seed dormancy in tomato.
文摘Nature has been inextricably connected with human life. There is nature’s necessity, such as the cosmic order or bodily functions that men cannot change and have to comply with. There is nature’s authority. People use nature to build up social norms and to justify social and political actions. There are also nature’s ambiguities. There are no unchanging “essential” characteristics of nature and no fixed boundaries separating man and nature.① Our concepts about nature and our relationships to it draw very much on the ideas and norms of society in which we are born, socialized, and educated. And the other way round. Nature may be described and understood in very different ways so that it may serve as justification for very different and sometimes even opposite social and political actions. Nature’s moral and political significances can be seen in all cultures and in all times in human history. My topic is about how about how ancient Chinese conceptualized nature and how they used their conceptions and understandings of nature to think about ethics, government, and politics. I will also discuss how the Chinese emphasis on such moral and political meanings affected the style of the inquiry about nature.
文摘In this paper, we define expectation of f∈F, i.e. E(f)=f(?), according to Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we derive a formula for the expectation of random Hermite polynomial in Skorohod integral on Guichardet- Fock spaces. In particular, we prove that the anticipative Girsanov identities under the condition E(H<sub>x</sub>(δ(x),‖x‖<sup>2</sup>)),n≥1 on Guichardet-Fock spaces.
文摘In this paper, we define expectation of f∈E, i.e. E(f)=f(?), accordingto Wiener-Ito-Segal isomorphic relation between Guichardet-Fock space F and Wienerspace W. Meanwhile, we prove a moment identity for the Skorohod integrals aboutvacuum state.
