面膜中荧光增白剂的透皮吸收特性及对皮肤刺激性的实验研究

为了研究含脂溶性荧光增白剂(FWAs)面膜的透皮吸收特性及其对皮肤刺激性,采用改良的Franz透皮扩散池,以离体雄性大鼠腹部皮肤为模型,通过高效液相色谱-三重四极杆液质联用法测定接收液中5种吡唑啉型荧光增白剂的含量,计算其不同透皮时间段的累计渗透量,并对试验终期皮肤中FWAs的贮留量进行检测;按《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015年版)中皮肤刺激性实验要求,采用家兔进行皮肤刺激性试验。结果显示,5种脂溶性FWAs呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r;)均大于0.999,检出限为0.5~10.0 pg,定量限为2.0~30.0 pg,平均回收率和相对标准偏差分别为95.2%~102.1%和1.8%~4.2%。面膜中的脂溶性荧光增白剂C.I.162有较强的透皮能力可以进入皮下,在0~36 h内透皮扩散符合零级动力学方程;而C.I.135、C.I.185、C.I.367、C.I.368四种FWAs短期内均被皮肤吸收而未透过皮肤。结果提示,脂溶性FWAs较易迁移到皮肤的角质层或皮下,对哺乳动物皮肤没有刺激作用。

神经嵴细胞和神经嵴病及其致病机制的研究进展

神经嵴细胞(neural crest cells,NCCs)是一类脊椎动物特有的可迁移的多能干细胞,其可分化为软骨细胞、神经元和黑色素细胞等多种类型细胞。NCCs的形成、迁移和分化受到严格调控,任何扰乱NCCs发育的因素都可导致胚胎发育畸形。由神经嵴细胞发育异常所导致的一系列疾病统称为神经嵴病(neurocristopathies,NCPs)。NCPs种类繁多且表型复杂,可累及人体多个部位(颅面部、心脏、肠胃和皮肤等),严重危害患者的身体机能和心理健康。NCPs占所有出生缺陷患儿的1/3,遗传因素是导致NCPs的主要风险因素,但环境风险因子以及基因–环境交互作用异常也可导致NCPs。本文对神经嵴细胞和神经嵴病及其致病机制进行综述,为系统认知神经嵴细胞发育以及神经嵴病提供参考,为了解神经嵴病的病因以及开展有效防控提供科学支撑。

High temperature effects in moving shock reflection with protruding Mach stem

The influence of high temperature effects on the protrusion of Mach stem in strong shock reflection over a wedge was numerically investigated. A two-dimensional inviscid solver applies finite volume method and unstructured quadrilateral grids were employed to simulate the flow. Theoretical analysis was also conducted to understand the phenomenon. Both numerical and theoretical results indicate a wall-jet penetrating forward is responsible for the occurrence of Mach stem protrusion. The protrusion degree seems to depend on the thermal energy buffer capacity of the testing gas. Approaches to increase the energy buffer capacity, such as vibrational relaxation, molecular dissociation, and increase of frozen heat caoacitv, all tend to escalate the orotrusion effect.

Attenuation Performance of a Semi-Active Helmholtz Resonator in a Grazing Flow Duct

Side branch Helmholtz resonators (HRs) are widely used to control low frequency tonal noise in air duct system. The passive Helmholtz resonator only works effectively over a narrow frequency range around resonance frequency. Changes in the exciting frequency and temperature will decrease the noise reduction performance. Many studies have been conducted on incorporating a Helmholtz resonator with active noise control to tuning the resonance frequency of HRs. The objective of this study is to study the effect of flow on the semi active Helmholtz resonator for duct noise control. Owing to a low Mach number air flow, the discontinuity condition at the joint is analytically formulated according to the conservation of the momentum and mass of air flow. Based on the transfer function at the junction, a controller function is proposed to tune the semi-active Helmholtz resonator under flow condition.

Mathematical Statistics and Spatial Aggregation Characteristics Analysis of Culture, Sports, and Tourism Resources in the Yellow River Basin Based on POI Data

As a priority of China’s regional development strategy in recent years, promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is one of the important tasks to boost the country’s economy and also the key to the development strategy in the central region at this stage. High-quality development of the Yellow River Basin based on the perspective of culture, sports, and tourism integration is significant for the regional ecological protection and economic revitalization. In order to measure the development of culture, sports, and tourism resources in the basin, the study applied the CRITIC model in Mathematical Statistics, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and the entropy weight TOPSIS analysis model. The results indicated that the development of the three resources in the basin varies from region to region, among which Shaanxi, Shandong, and Henan provinces have developed outstandingly while western provinces in China haven’t. In addition, this study identified the spatial geographic extent and analyzed the POI (points of interest) of culture, sports, tourism, and mixed resource based on the data analysis to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and trend of changes in the Yellow River Basin. The study also made suggestions for the development of culture, sports, and tourism resources in the basin from different perspectives based on the developed theoretical model, aiming to promote high-quality development of the area.

Prominent removal of trace lead(Ⅱ)ions from polluted water by terephthalic acid reformed Al/Zn metal organic nanoflakes

Terephthalic acid reformed Al/Zn metal organic nanoflake was prepared and functionalized with trie-thylamine(T-AlZn).Without adding terephthalic acid,there was no product of metal organic nanoflake.T-AlZn has a remarkable performance in removing trace lead(Ⅱ)ions(Pb^(2+)).The adsorption equipoise with the removal rate≥97%was reached within 35 min.The removal rates of T-AlZn for Pb^(2+)declined by only 16.73%after four regenerations.The adsorption of T-AlZn for Pb^(2+)follows the Langmuir isotherms model and pseudo-second-order dynamics model.The utmost adsorption competence was calculated as 215.27 mg g^(-1).The T-AlZn adsorbent exhibits a bright prospect in the adsorption for Pb^(2+)and is a considerable candidate in the disposal of industrial sewage.

Zwitterionic glycine modified Fe/Mg-layered double hydroxides for highly selective and efficient removal of oxyanions from polluted water

Zwitterionic glycine was employed to modify Fe/Mg-layered double hydroxides(LDH)to realize an GFe/Mg-LDH adsorbent with high adsorption capacities of oxygen-containing anions including As(Ⅴ),P(Ⅴ)and Cr(Ⅵ).When the Fe/Mg mole ratio was 0.02 mol/0.02 mol,the G-Fe/Mg-LDH has a good adsorption performance.The optimum adsorption pH value of G-Fe/Mg-LDH for oxygen-containing anions was 6.The selectivity of three oxygen-containing anions was Cr(Ⅵ)

Design of MCI single and symmetrical on-chip spiral inductors

In this paper,the MCI（multipath crossover interconnection）technique for octagon single and symmetrical spiral inductors has been presented to improve the quality factor.The metal wires of the single and symmetrical inductors formed by the top metal are divided into multiple segments according to the depth of the skin effects.The outermost path of the metal is crossover-interconnected to the innermost path by the underlayer metal and via The crossover technique makes the lengths of the total current paths between two ports approximately equal to each other.Therefore,the induced magnetic flux and resistance of each path can be balanced and the Q-factor of spiral inductors can be enhanced.The proposed MCI technique has been validated by the electromagnetic simulation with the 130-nm 1P6M SiGe BiCMOS process.For the devices with occupying areas of 240 240 μm^2,results of electromagnetic simulation show that about 24%improvement in the Q-peak（3.3 GHz）of the MCI single inductor as compared to conventional single inductors（3.1 GHz）,and about 88.1%improvement in the Q-peak（3.2 GHz）of the MCI symmetrical inductor as compared to conventional symmetrical inductors（1.8 GHz）.

Highly efficient removal of trace lead(Ⅱ)from wastewater by 1,4-dicarboxybenzene modified Fe/Co metal organic nanosheets

A novel Fe/Co metal organic complex nanosheet modified by 1,4-dicarboxybenzene(BDC),i.e.,FeCo@BDC,was prepared,and highly efficient removal performance for trace lead(Ⅱ)(Pb^(2+))was demonstrated in the neutral aqueous solutions.The removal rates were higher than 95%and the adsorption was equilibrated in 15 min.The isotherms and kinetics for the adsorption Pb^(2+)by the FeCo@BDC adsorbents followed Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model,respectively.The maximum adsorption capacity was 220.48 mg g^(-1).The FeCo@BDC adsorbents also own a prominent regeneration performance.The prominent performance of in the removal of trace Pb^(2+)makes FeCo@BDC an ideal candidate as commercial adsorbent materials.

Preparation of Mg,N-co-doped lignin adsorbents for enhanced selectivity and high adsorption capacity of As(Ⅴ) from wastewater

Among various environmental problems,water pollution has drawn more and more attention.To develop an adsorbent with enhanced selectivity and high capacity for As(V)oxyanion,a novel lignin-based adsorbent was prepared by doping with N and modifying with Mg^(2+),using thiethylenetetramine(TETA)and MgCl_(2) as the source of N and Mg^(2+),respectively.N-doped lignin(NL)shows a high selectivity for As(Ⅴ),which is further enhanced by modifying with Mg^(2+)(MNL).MNL shows an excellent reusability.The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of MNL for As(Ⅴ)follow Langmuir isotherms model and pseudo-second-order kinetics model,respectively.The adsorption of MNL for As(Ⅴ)achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 687.46 mg g^(−1) and the equilibrium was established within 30 min.This study offers a novel idea on the recycle of the waste of paper industry and provides a new technology for As(Ⅴ)adsorption from wastewater.

Chiral pillar[n]arenes:Conformation inversion,material preparation and applications

Chiral pillar[n]arenes have shown great research value and application prospect in construction of chiral materials and chiral applications,due to their inherent planar chiral configurations,chiral recognition ability,easy modification and highly symmetric hydrophobic cavity.This review systematically summarized the conformation inversion factors of planar chiral pillar[5]arenes(pR/p S),such as solvents,temperature,substituent size,alkyl chains,chiral and achiral guest molecules.We firstly introduced the applications of chiral pillar[n]arenes for constructing chiral materials and pointed out that planar conformation inversion showed a great potential role in constructing chiral materials.Then,we mainly concluded the chiral applications of chiral and planar chiral pillar[n]arenes like chiral enantiomer analysis by circular dichroism,electrochemistry or chiral fluorescence sensing.From this review,we found that the inherent planar chiral conformation of chiral pillar[n]arenes have played a very important role in chiral field in the future.

In situ dynamics response mechanism of the tunable length-diameter ratio nanochains for excellent microwave absorber

Faster response benefits the high-performance of magnetic material in various live applications.Hence,enhancing response speed toward the applied field via engineering advantages in structures is highly desired.In this paper,the precise synthesis of Co nanochain with the tunable length-diameter ratio is realized via a magnetic-field-guided assembly approach.The Co nanochain exhibits enhanced microwave absorption performance(near to-60 dB,layer thickness 2.2 mm)and broader effective absorption bandwidth(over 2/3 of total S,C,X,Ku bands).Furthermore,the simulated dynamic magnetic response reveals that the domain motion in 1D chain is faster than that in 0D nanoparticle,which is the determining factor of magnetic loss upgrade.Meanwhile,based on the controllable magnetic field experiment via in situ transmission electron microscopy,the association between magnetic response and microstructure is first present at the nanometer-level.The real and imaginary parts of relative complex permeability are determined by the domain migration confined inside Co nanochain and the magnetic flux field surrounded outside Co nanochain,respectively.Importantly,these findings can be extended to the novel design of microwave absorbers and promising candidates of magnetic carriers based on 1D structure.

A rare case of B-lymphoproliferative disorder with villous lymphocytes harboring t（8;14）（q24;q32） translocation

Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes （SLVL） or splenic marginal zone lymphoma with circulating villous lymphocytes is rare, and prolymphocytic transformation of SLVL is rarer. At present, only one case of SLVL with t（8;14）（q24;q32） translocation has been reported. In this study, we report a case of B- lymphoproliferative disorder with villous lymphocytes harboring t（8;14）（q24;q32） chromosome translocation that we inclined to SLVL with a prolymphocytic transformation. A 73-year-old female showed marked hepatosplenomegaly and high lymphocytosis （lymphocytes 〉 200 × 10^9/L）. The abnormal lymphocytes had short coarse villi and round nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The immunophenotypes showed CD19^＋, CD20^＋, HLA- DR^＋, CD22^＋, CD5^＋, Kappa^＋, CD25^dim, CD71^dim, Lambda, CD7, CD10-, CD23 , CD34, CD33, CD13 , CD14, CDll7, CD64, CD103, and CD11c-. The karyotype showed complex abnormality： 46XX,＋ 3,-10, t（8;14）（q24; q32）lll]/46XX[9]. The cytoplasmic projection, immunological characteristics, and trisomy 3 chromosome abnormality supported the diagnosis of SLVL. However, the presence of prominent nucleoli and high lymphocytosis suggested prolymphocytic transformation, probably as a result of t（8,14） chromosome translocation. In this report, we described an unusual case of B-lymphoproliferative disorder with villous lymphocytes harboring t（8;14）（q24;q32） translocation, which could provide help in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of B-lymphocytic proliferative diseases.

Roles of integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in bidirectional signal transduction in a trans-dominant inhibition model

We evaluated the roles of calpain cleavage-related mutations of the integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in integrin αIIbβ3 bidirectional signaling using a trans-dominant inhibition model. Chimeric Tac-β3 proteins （i.e., Tac-β3, Tac-β3△741, Tac-β3△747, Tac-β3△754, Tac-β3△759, and Tac-β3ANITY） consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of human IL-2 receptor （Tac） and the human integrin β3 cytoplasmic domain were stably expressed in the 123 CHO cells harboring human glycoprotein Ib-IX and wild-type integrin uIIbβ3. The different cells were assayed for stable adhesion and spreading on immobilized fibrinogen, and for binding soluble fibrinogen representing outside-in and inside-out signaling events, respectively. The chimeric protein Tac-β3 inhibited, and Tac-β3△NITY partially attenuated stable adhesion and spreading. Tac-β3, Tac-β3△759, Tac-β3ANITY, and Tac-β3△754, but not Tac-β3△747 or Tac-β3△741, impaired the soluble fibrinogen binding. Results indicated that the bidirectional signaling was significantly inhibited by Tac-β3△ and Tac-β3ANITY, albeit to a much lesser extent. Moreover, only inside-out signaling was impaired in the 123/Tac-β3△759 and 123/Tac-β3△754 cells in contrast to an intact bidirectional signaling in the 123/Tac-β3△747 and 123/Tac-β3△741 cells. In conclusion, the calpain cleavage of integrin β3 resulted in the regulatory effects on signaling by interrupting its interaction with cytoplasmic proteins rather than altering its conformation, and may thus regulate platelet function.

Waning humoral immune responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with severe liver disease

Dear Editor,The Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is still ongoing around the world.Patients with severe liver disease(SLD),such as compensated cirrhosis(CC),decompensated cirrhosis(DC)or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),are highly vulnerable and have worse outcomes from COVID-191.Vaccines are effective measure for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection,severe disease,and mortality.Recent studies have preliminarily described the safety and immunogenicity of SARSCoV-2 vaccines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)2,and in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection(CHB)3.However,data are limited on the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in SLD patients.Additionally,the memory B cells(MBCs)responses and immunological memory after vaccination in SLD patients is still unclear.Hence,we aim to explore the safety,antibody responses,and MBCs responses of inactivated vaccines(BBIBPCorV or CoronaVac)in SLD patients through a prospective observational study(NCT05007665).