User-interactive electronic skin(e-skin) that could convert mechanical stimuli into distinguishable outputs displays tremendous potential for wearable devices and health care applications. However, the existing device...User-interactive electronic skin(e-skin) that could convert mechanical stimuli into distinguishable outputs displays tremendous potential for wearable devices and health care applications. However, the existing devices have the disadvantages such as complex integration procedure and lack of the intuitive signal display function. Here, we present a bioinspired user-interactive e-skin, which is simple in structure and can synchronously achieve digital electrical response and optical visualization upon external mechanical stimulus. The e-skin comprises a conductive layer with a carbon nanotubes/cellulose nanofibers/MXene nanohybrid network featuring remarkable electromechanical behaviors, and a stretchable elastomer layer, which is composed of silicone rubber and thermochromic pigments. Furthermore, the conductive nanohybrid network with outstanding Joule heating performance can generate controllable thermal energy under voltage input and then achieve the dynamic coloration of silicone-based elastomer. Especially, such an innovative fusion strategy of digital data and visual images enables the e-skin to monitor human activities with evermore intuition and accuracy. The simple design philosophy and reliable operation of the demonstrated e-skin are expected to provide an ideal platform for next-generation flexible electronics.展开更多
Mineralization has found widespread use in the fabrication of composite biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration.The current mineralization processes are mainly carried out in neutral aqueous solutions of biomineral ...Mineralization has found widespread use in the fabrication of composite biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration.The current mineralization processes are mainly carried out in neutral aqueous solutions of biomineral counter-ions(a pair of cation and anion that form the corresponding minerals at certain conditions),which are stable only at very low concentrations.This typically results in inefficient mineralization and weak control over biomineral formation.Here,we find that,in the organic solvent glycerol,a variety of biomineral counter-ions(e.g.,Ca/PO_(4),Ca/CO_(3),Ca/SO_(4),Mg/PO_(4),or Fe/OH)corresponding to distinct biominerals at significantly high concentrations(up to hundreds-fold greater than those of simulated body fluid(SBF))are able to form translucent and stable solutions(mineralizing solution of highly concentrated counter-ions(MSCIs)),and mineralization can be triggered upon them with external solvents(e.g.,water or ethanol).Furthermore,with pristine bacterial cellulose(BC)membrane as a model,we demonstrate an effective and controllable mineralization performance of MSCIs on organic substrates.This approach not only forms the homogeneous biominerals on the BC fibers and in the interspaces,but also provides regulations over mineralization rate,mineral content,phase,and dopants.The resulting mineralized BC membranes(MBCs)exhibit high cytocompatibility and favor the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(rBMSC).Following this,we prepare a mineralized bone suture(MBS)from MBC for non-weight bearing bone fixation,which then is tested on a rabbit median sternotomy model.It shows firm fixation of the rabbit sternum without causing discernible toxicity or inflammatory response.This study,by extending the mineralization to the organic solution system of highly concentrated counter-ions,develops a promising strategy to design and build targeted mineral-based composites.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2017YFA0205301)Natural Science Foundation of China(31771081,81921002,and 8202010801)+2 种基金S&T Innovation 2025 Major Special Program of Ningbo(2018B10040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22120210582)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021TQ0247)。
文摘User-interactive electronic skin(e-skin) that could convert mechanical stimuli into distinguishable outputs displays tremendous potential for wearable devices and health care applications. However, the existing devices have the disadvantages such as complex integration procedure and lack of the intuitive signal display function. Here, we present a bioinspired user-interactive e-skin, which is simple in structure and can synchronously achieve digital electrical response and optical visualization upon external mechanical stimulus. The e-skin comprises a conductive layer with a carbon nanotubes/cellulose nanofibers/MXene nanohybrid network featuring remarkable electromechanical behaviors, and a stretchable elastomer layer, which is composed of silicone rubber and thermochromic pigments. Furthermore, the conductive nanohybrid network with outstanding Joule heating performance can generate controllable thermal energy under voltage input and then achieve the dynamic coloration of silicone-based elastomer. Especially, such an innovative fusion strategy of digital data and visual images enables the e-skin to monitor human activities with evermore intuition and accuracy. The simple design philosophy and reliable operation of the demonstrated e-skin are expected to provide an ideal platform for next-generation flexible electronics.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE0123500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272304 and 31771081)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.21ZR1449700,22S31903300,and 22S31900100).
文摘Mineralization has found widespread use in the fabrication of composite biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration.The current mineralization processes are mainly carried out in neutral aqueous solutions of biomineral counter-ions(a pair of cation and anion that form the corresponding minerals at certain conditions),which are stable only at very low concentrations.This typically results in inefficient mineralization and weak control over biomineral formation.Here,we find that,in the organic solvent glycerol,a variety of biomineral counter-ions(e.g.,Ca/PO_(4),Ca/CO_(3),Ca/SO_(4),Mg/PO_(4),or Fe/OH)corresponding to distinct biominerals at significantly high concentrations(up to hundreds-fold greater than those of simulated body fluid(SBF))are able to form translucent and stable solutions(mineralizing solution of highly concentrated counter-ions(MSCIs)),and mineralization can be triggered upon them with external solvents(e.g.,water or ethanol).Furthermore,with pristine bacterial cellulose(BC)membrane as a model,we demonstrate an effective and controllable mineralization performance of MSCIs on organic substrates.This approach not only forms the homogeneous biominerals on the BC fibers and in the interspaces,but also provides regulations over mineralization rate,mineral content,phase,and dopants.The resulting mineralized BC membranes(MBCs)exhibit high cytocompatibility and favor the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(rBMSC).Following this,we prepare a mineralized bone suture(MBS)from MBC for non-weight bearing bone fixation,which then is tested on a rabbit median sternotomy model.It shows firm fixation of the rabbit sternum without causing discernible toxicity or inflammatory response.This study,by extending the mineralization to the organic solution system of highly concentrated counter-ions,develops a promising strategy to design and build targeted mineral-based composites.
