Soybean(Glycine max)is a short-day crop whose flowering time is regulated by photoperiod.The longjuvenile trait extends its vegetative phase and increases yield under short-day conditions.Natural variation in J,the ma...Soybean(Glycine max)is a short-day crop whose flowering time is regulated by photoperiod.The longjuvenile trait extends its vegetative phase and increases yield under short-day conditions.Natural variation in J,the major locus controlling this trait,modulates flowering time.We report that the three J-family genes influence soybean flowering time,with the triple mutant Guangzhou Mammoth-2 flowering late under short days by inhibiting transcription of E1-family genes.J-family genes offer promising allelic combinations for breeding.展开更多
The cloud radio access network(C-RAN) and the fog computing have been recently proposed to tackle the dramatically increasing traffic demands and to provide better quality of service(QoS) to user equipment(UE).Conside...The cloud radio access network(C-RAN) and the fog computing have been recently proposed to tackle the dramatically increasing traffic demands and to provide better quality of service(QoS) to user equipment(UE).Considering the better computation capability of the cloud RAN(10 times larger than that of the fog RAN) and the lower transmission delay of the fog computing,we propose a joint resource allocation and coordinated computation offloading algorithm for the fog RAN(F-RAN),which takes the advantage of C-RAN and fog computing.Specifically,the F-RAN splits a computation task into the fog computing part and the cloud computing part.Based on the constraints of maximum transmission delay tolerance,fronthaul and backhaul capacity limits,we minimize the energy cost and obtain optimal computational resource allocation for multiple UE,transmission power allocation of each UE and the event splitting factor.Numerical results have been proposed with the comparison of existing methods.展开更多
Free space optical(FSO) communication system with differential signaling possesses the advantage of requiring no channel state information and avoiding computational load or link throughput reduction compared to the s...Free space optical(FSO) communication system with differential signaling possesses the advantage of requiring no channel state information and avoiding computational load or link throughput reduction compared to the systems with conventional receivers. In this work, we investigate bit error rate(BER) performance of this system over partially and fully correlated atmospheric turbulence fading. In order to conduct the above analysis, we obtain a probability density functions(PDF) of the channel fading on the differential signals and derive our instantaneous BER using differential signaling scheme. Based on these results, we develop two closed-form mathematical expressions for the average BER under fully correlated and partially correlated fading in the convergent infinite series confirmed by Cauchy’s ratio test. The accuracy of the derived BER expressions is demonstrated by the Monte Carlo simulations, and the analyses for the effects of the system parameters on the BER performance are provided.展开更多
This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were...This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were used to assay the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the surface sediments of 13 sampling stations in the Bohai Sea.The results showed that sediments at the majority of the 13 sampling stations were contaminated by heavy metal mercury.The main phyla of bacteria recorded included Proteobacteria(52.92%),Bacteroidetes(11.76%),Planctomycetes(7.39%),Acidobacteria(6.53%)and Chloroflexi(4.97%).The genus with the highest relative abundance was Desulfobulbus(4.99%),which was the dominant genus at most sampling stations,followed by Lutimonas and Halioglobus.The main factors influencing bacterial community structure were total organic carbon,followed by depth and total phosphorus.The content of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper and zinc had a consistent effect on community structure.Arsenic showed a negative correlation with bacterial community structure in most samples,while the impact of mercury on community structure was not significant.The bacterial community in sediment samples from the Bohai Sea was rich in diversity and displayed an increase in diversity from high to low latitudes.The data indicated that the Bohai Sea had abundant microbial resources and was rich in bacteria with the potential to metabolize many types of pollutants.展开更多
In order to solve the problem that traditional energy efficiency power allocation algorithms usually require the assumption of constant or perfect channel state information in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),which may ...In order to solve the problem that traditional energy efficiency power allocation algorithms usually require the assumption of constant or perfect channel state information in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),which may lead to performance degradation in real systems with disturbances or uncertainties,we propose a robust energy efficiency power allocation algorithm for underlay cognitive radio(CR)systems with channel uncertainty in consideration of interference power threshold constraint and minimum target SINR requirement constraint.The ellipsoid sets are used to describe the channel uncertainty,and a constrained fractional programming for the allocation is transformed to a convex optimization problem by worst-case optimization approach.A simplified version of robust energy efficiency scheme by a substitutional constraint having lower complexity is presented.Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can provide higher energy efficiency compared with capacity maximization algorithm and guarantee the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR)requirement of each cognitive user under channel uncertainty.展开更多
The use of low-coherence light is expected to be one of the effective ways to suppress or even eliminate the laser–plasma instabilities that arise in attempts to achieve inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,a re...The use of low-coherence light is expected to be one of the effective ways to suppress or even eliminate the laser–plasma instabilities that arise in attempts to achieve inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,a review of low-coherence high-power laser drivers and related key techniques is first presented.Work at typical low-coherence laser facilities,including Gekko XII,PHEBUS,Pharos III,and Kanal-2 is described.The many key techniques that are used in the research and development of low-coherence laser drivers are described and analyzed,including low-coherence source generation,amplification,harmonic conversion,and beam smoothing of low-coherence light.Then,recent progress achieved by our group in research on a broadband low-coherence laser driver is presented.During the development of our low-coherence high-power laser facility,we have proposed and implemented many key techniques for working with low-coherence light,including source generation,efficient amplification and propagation,harmonic conversion,beam smoothing,and precise beam control.Based on a series of technological breakthroughs,a kilojoule low-coherence laser driver named Kunwu with a coherence time of only 300 fs has been built,and the first round of physical experiments has been completed.This high-power laser facility provides not only a demonstration and verification platform for key techniques and system integration of a low-coherence laser driver,but also a new type of experimental platform for research into,for example,high-energy-density physics and,in particular,laser–plasma interactions.展开更多
Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merrill] is a major plant source of protein and oil. An accurate and well-saturated molecular linkage map is a prerequisite for forward genetic studies of gene function and for modern breeding...Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merrill] is a major plant source of protein and oil. An accurate and well-saturated molecular linkage map is a prerequisite for forward genetic studies of gene function and for modern breeding for many useful agronomic traits. Next-generation sequence data available in public databases provides valuable information and offers new insights for rapid and efficient development of molecular markers. In this study, we attempted to show the feasibility and facility of using genomic resequencing data as raw material for identifying putative In Del markers. First, we identified 17,613 In Del sites among 56 soybean accessions and obtained 12,619 primer pairs. Second, we constructed a genetic map with a random subset of 2841 primer pairs and aligned 300 polymorphic markers with the 20 consensus linkage groups(LG). The total genetic distance was 2347.3 c M and the number of mapped markers per LG ranged from 10 to 23 with an average of 15 markers. The largest and smallest genetic distances between adjacent markers were 52.3 c M and 0.1 cM, respectively. Finally, we validated the genetic map constructed by newly developed In Del markers by QTL analysis of days to flowering(DTF) under different environments. One major QTL(qDTF4) and four minor QTL(qDTF20, qDTF13, qDTF12,and q DTF11) on 5 LGs were detected. These results demonstrate the utility of the In Del markers developed in this work for map-based cloning and molecular breeding in soybean.展开更多
Spectrum access approach and power allocation scheme are important techniques in cognitive radio(CR) system,which not only affect communication performance of CR user(secondary user,SU) but also play decisive role for...Spectrum access approach and power allocation scheme are important techniques in cognitive radio(CR) system,which not only affect communication performance of CR user(secondary user,SU) but also play decisive role for protection of primary user(PU).In this study,we propose a power allocation scheme for SU based on the status sensing of PU in a single-input single-output(SISO) CR network.Instead of the conventional binary primary transmit power strategy,namely the sensed PU has only present or absent status,we consider a more practical scenario when PU transmits with multiple levels of power and quantized side information known by SU in advance as a primary quantized codebook.The secondary power allocation scheme to maximize the average throughput under the rate loss constraint(RLC) of PU is parameterized by the sensing results for PU,the primary quantized codebook and the channel state information(CSI) of SU.Furthermore,Differential Evolution(DE) algorithm is used to solve this non-convex power allocation problem.Simulation results show the performance and effectiveness of our proposed scheme under more practical communication conditions.展开更多
Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)represents a unique class of cathode material for lithium sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it eradicates the polysulfides shuttling issue in carbonate-based electrolyte.However,due to the ess...Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)represents a unique class of cathode material for lithium sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it eradicates the polysulfides shuttling issue in carbonate-based electrolyte.However,due to the essential chemical S-linking and organic nature of SPAN,the active mass percentage and rate capability are two bottleneck issues preventing its ultimate deployment outside of laboratories.In the current work,aiming to endow both the charge conductivity and catalytic activity to SPAN for maximizing the redox kinetics of S conversion,a freestanding nanofibrous SPAN cathode embedding conductive CNTs and atomically dispersed Co centers is fabricated via multivariate electrospinning.While the CNTs enable dramatically enhancing the fiber conductivity and generating mesoscopic porosity for facilitating charge and mass transportation,the cross-linking of SPAN by Co-N_(4) S motifs creates extra charge conduction pathways and further serves as the catalytic active sites for expediting redox S conversion.As a result,an extraordinary Li-SPAN performance is achieved with a high specific capacity up to 1856 mAh g^(-1)@0.2 C,a superb rate capability up to 10 C,and an ultra-long battery life up to 1500 cycles@1 C.Consequently,our study here provides insights into the adoption of coordination chemistry to maximize the sulfur utilization by ensuring a more complete redox conversion from SPAN to Li2 S,and vice versa.展开更多
Abstract Ulva linza is one of the species that causes green tides in the Yellow Sea,China.Due to the diffi culties in chromosomal preparation,the large numbers of chromosomes,and their relatively small sizes,there hav...Abstract Ulva linza is one of the species that causes green tides in the Yellow Sea,China.Due to the diffi culties in chromosomal preparation,the large numbers of chromosomes,and their relatively small sizes,there have been no reported studies on Ulva macroalgae chromosomes.The karyotypes and chromosomes in U.linza were observed after a series of treatments.The chromosomes were pretreated with 0.1%colchicine for 12 h and then mixed with enzymes.The samples were dropped from 30 cm height onto glass slides,which spread out the surface coat.These pretreatments were the optimal chromosomes preparation treatments.The prepared chromosomes were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI),which is a fl uorescent probe sensitive and specifi c to DNA.The chromosome number in the haploid male and female gametophytes was n=9,and was 2 n=18 in the diploid sporophytes.The female gametophyte chromosomes were between 0.804 and 2.292μm in size,the male gametophyte chromosomes were between 0.917 and 2.916μm,and the sporophyte chromosomes were between 0.912 and 2.167μm.The relative sizes of the chromosomes were used to analyze the karyotypes of the female and male gametophyte chromosomes.The results provide a solid foundation for the basic technique that can be used to localize molecular markers of Ulva chromosomes.展开更多
We propose a distributed closedloop power control scheme for a cognitive radio network(CRN) based on our developed state space model of the CRN. The whole power control process is separated into outer control loop and...We propose a distributed closedloop power control scheme for a cognitive radio network(CRN) based on our developed state space model of the CRN. The whole power control process is separated into outer control loop and inner control loop in order to solve different problem. In outer loop, the interference temperature(IT) constraint is transformed to a performance index minimized by a state feedback controller to obtain an appropriate target signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR) of secondary user(SU). For ideal channel model and random time-varying channel model, our designed controller is a linear quadratic regulator(LQR) and a linear quadratic Gaussian(LQG) regulator respectively. While in inner loop, SU controls its transmit power to make the instantaneous SINR track the corresponding target and ensure the IT constraint under the limited threshold. The closed-loop stability of the CRN is proved and the performance of proposed control scheme is presented by computer simulations, which shows that this scheme can effectively guarantee both the requirement of SINR and IT constraint for all SUs.展开更多
It is very important to study the factors affecting the incidence,progress and prognosis of patients with vascular dementia.50 cases of severe middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion underwent endovascular treatm...It is very important to study the factors affecting the incidence,progress and prognosis of patients with vascular dementia.50 cases of severe middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion underwent endovascular treatment(25 cases of mild cognitive dysfunction,25 cases of moderate cognitive dysfunction)were divided into two groups,where a medical drug treatment group and a control group established with 25 cases in each group.The cognitive function of each group of patients was evaluated before operation,7 days after operation,30 days after operation,and 180 days after operation.CTP was used to compare the hemodynamic changes in patients before and after operation.The severe stenosis or occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in patients can be improved,and the intracranial blood supply of patients with poorly compensated medial cranial circulation and hypoperfusion can be restored to a certain extent.Meanwhile,improvement of cognitive function was definitive in some patients with cognitive dysfunction.To guide the formulation of treatment plans for patients with severe middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion.展开更多
The mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines(MB-TCMs)are an important class of TCMs that have been widely used in clinical practice and recognized as safe long-term treatments for chronic disease...The mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines(MB-TCMs)are an important class of TCMs that have been widely used in clinical practice and recognized as safe long-term treatments for chronic diseases.However,as an important class of TCMs,the panorama of pharmacological effects and the mechanisms of MB-TCMs have not been systemically reviewed.Compelling studies have shown that gut microbiota can mediate the therapeutic activity of TCMs and help to elucidate the core principles of TCM medicinal theory.In this systematic review,we found that MB-TCMs commonly participated in the modulation of metabolic syndrome,intestinal inflammation,nervous system disease and cardiovascular system disease in association with promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides,Akkermansia,Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Roseburia as well as inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria Helicobacter,Enterococcus,Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella.These alterations,correspondingly,enhance the generation of protective metabolites,mainly including short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),bile acid(BAs),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),indole and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and inhibit the generation of harmful metabolites,such as proinflammatory factors trimethylamine oxide(TAMO)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS),to further exert multiplicative effects for the maintenance of human health through several different signaling pathways.Altogether,this present review has attempted to comprehensively summarize the relationship between MB-TCMs and gut microbiota by establishing the TCMs-gut microbiota-metabolite-signaling pathway-diseases axis,which may provide new insight into the study of TCM medicinal theories and their clinical applications.展开更多
The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is responsible for monitoring the biogenesis and synthetic quality of membrane proteins with tail-anchored or multiple transmembrane domains.The EMC subunit EM...The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is responsible for monitoring the biogenesis and synthetic quality of membrane proteins with tail-anchored or multiple transmembrane domains.The EMC subunit EMC6 is one of the core members of EMC and forms an enclosed hydrophilic vestibule in cooperation with EMC3.Despite studies demonstrating that deletion of EMC3 led to rhodopsin mislocalization in rod photoreceptors of mice,the precise mechanism leading to the failure of rhodopsin trafficking remains unclear.Here,we generated the first rod photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(RKO)and cone photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(CKO)mouse models.Deficiency of Emc6 in rod photoreceptors led to progressive shortening of outer segments(OS),impaired visual function,mislocalization and reduced expression of rhodopsin,and increased gliosis in rod photoreceptors.In addition,CKO mice displayed the progressive death of cone photoreceptors and abnormal localization of cone opsin protein.Subsequently,proteomics analysis of the RKO mouse retina illustrated that several cilium-related proteins,particularly anoctamin-2(ANO2)and transmembrane protein 67(TMEM67),were significantly down-regulated prior to OS degeneration.Detrimental rod photoreceptor cilia and mislocalized membrane disc proteins were evident in RKO mice.Our data revealed that in addition to monitoring the synthesis of rhodopsin-dominated membrane disc proteins,EMC6 also impacted rod photoreceptors'ciliogenesis by regulating the synthesis of membrane proteins associated with cilia,contributing to the mislocalization of membrane disc proteins.展开更多
Soybean(Glycine max L.)is a typical photoperiodsensitive crop,such that photoperiod determines its flowering time,maturity,grain yield,and phenological adaptability.During evolution,the soybean genome has undergone tw...Soybean(Glycine max L.)is a typical photoperiodsensitive crop,such that photoperiod determines its flowering time,maturity,grain yield,and phenological adaptability.During evolution,the soybean genome has undergone two duplication events,resulting in about 75%of all genes being represented by multiple copies,which is associated with rampant gene redundancy.Among duplicated genes,the important soybean maturity gene E2 has two homologs,E2-Like a(E2La)and E2-Like b(E2Lb),which encode orthologs of Arabidopsis GIGANTEA(GI).Although E2 was cloned a decade ago,we still know very little about its contribution to flowering time and even less about the function of its homologs.Here,we generated single and double mutants in E2,E2La,and E2Lb by genome editing and determined that E2 plays major roles in the regulation of flowering time and yield,with the two E2 homologs depending on E2 function.At high latitude regions,e2 single mutants showed earlier flowering and high grain yield.Remarkably,in terms of genetic relationship,genes from the legume-specific transcription factor family E1 were epistatic to E2.We established that E2 and E2-like proteins form homodimers or heterodimers to regulate the transcription of E1 family genes,with the homodimer exerting a greater function than the heterodimers.In addition,we established that the H3 haplotype of E2 is the ancestral allele and is mainly restricted to low latitude regions,from which the loss-of-function alleles of the H1 and H2haplotypes were derived.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the function of the H3 allele is stronger than that of the H1 haplotype in the regulation of flowering time,which has not been shown before.Our findings provide excellent allelic combinations for classical breeding and targeted gene disruption or editing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200600 to Xiaoya Lin)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32090060 to Fanjiang Kong,32001568 to Xiaoya Lin,31930083 to Baohui Liu,and 31901500 to Tiantian Bu)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019 M652839 to Liyu Chen)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max)is a short-day crop whose flowering time is regulated by photoperiod.The longjuvenile trait extends its vegetative phase and increases yield under short-day conditions.Natural variation in J,the major locus controlling this trait,modulates flowering time.We report that the three J-family genes influence soybean flowering time,with the triple mutant Guangzhou Mammoth-2 flowering late under short days by inhibiting transcription of E1-family genes.J-family genes offer promising allelic combinations for breeding.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61372070)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No. 2015JM6324)+3 种基金Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(2015A610117)Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(No. 2015DFT10160)EU FP7 Project MONICA (No.PIRSES-GA-2011-295222)the 111 Project(No.B08038)
文摘The cloud radio access network(C-RAN) and the fog computing have been recently proposed to tackle the dramatically increasing traffic demands and to provide better quality of service(QoS) to user equipment(UE).Considering the better computation capability of the cloud RAN(10 times larger than that of the fog RAN) and the lower transmission delay of the fog computing,we propose a joint resource allocation and coordinated computation offloading algorithm for the fog RAN(F-RAN),which takes the advantage of C-RAN and fog computing.Specifically,the F-RAN splits a computation task into the fog computing part and the cloud computing part.Based on the constraints of maximum transmission delay tolerance,fronthaul and backhaul capacity limits,we minimize the energy cost and obtain optimal computational resource allocation for multiple UE,transmission power allocation of each UE and the event splitting factor.Numerical results have been proposed with the comparison of existing methods.
文摘Free space optical(FSO) communication system with differential signaling possesses the advantage of requiring no channel state information and avoiding computational load or link throughput reduction compared to the systems with conventional receivers. In this work, we investigate bit error rate(BER) performance of this system over partially and fully correlated atmospheric turbulence fading. In order to conduct the above analysis, we obtain a probability density functions(PDF) of the channel fading on the differential signals and derive our instantaneous BER using differential signaling scheme. Based on these results, we develop two closed-form mathematical expressions for the average BER under fully correlated and partially correlated fading in the convergent infinite series confirmed by Cauchy’s ratio test. The accuracy of the derived BER expressions is demonstrated by the Monte Carlo simulations, and the analyses for the effects of the system parameters on the BER performance are provided.
基金The National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China under contract No.2017YFC1404500the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41676115
文摘This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were used to assay the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the surface sediments of 13 sampling stations in the Bohai Sea.The results showed that sediments at the majority of the 13 sampling stations were contaminated by heavy metal mercury.The main phyla of bacteria recorded included Proteobacteria(52.92%),Bacteroidetes(11.76%),Planctomycetes(7.39%),Acidobacteria(6.53%)and Chloroflexi(4.97%).The genus with the highest relative abundance was Desulfobulbus(4.99%),which was the dominant genus at most sampling stations,followed by Lutimonas and Halioglobus.The main factors influencing bacterial community structure were total organic carbon,followed by depth and total phosphorus.The content of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper and zinc had a consistent effect on community structure.Arsenic showed a negative correlation with bacterial community structure in most samples,while the impact of mercury on community structure was not significant.The bacterial community in sediment samples from the Bohai Sea was rich in diversity and displayed an increase in diversity from high to low latitudes.The data indicated that the Bohai Sea had abundant microbial resources and was rich in bacteria with the potential to metabolize many types of pollutants.
基金supported by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant NO.61501059)the Education Department of Jilin Province(Grant NO.2016343)
文摘In order to solve the problem that traditional energy efficiency power allocation algorithms usually require the assumption of constant or perfect channel state information in cognitive radio networks(CRNs),which may lead to performance degradation in real systems with disturbances or uncertainties,we propose a robust energy efficiency power allocation algorithm for underlay cognitive radio(CR)systems with channel uncertainty in consideration of interference power threshold constraint and minimum target SINR requirement constraint.The ellipsoid sets are used to describe the channel uncertainty,and a constrained fractional programming for the allocation is transformed to a convex optimization problem by worst-case optimization approach.A simplified version of robust energy efficiency scheme by a substitutional constraint having lower complexity is presented.Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can provide higher energy efficiency compared with capacity maximization algorithm and guarantee the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR)requirement of each cognitive user under channel uncertainty.
文摘The use of low-coherence light is expected to be one of the effective ways to suppress or even eliminate the laser–plasma instabilities that arise in attempts to achieve inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,a review of low-coherence high-power laser drivers and related key techniques is first presented.Work at typical low-coherence laser facilities,including Gekko XII,PHEBUS,Pharos III,and Kanal-2 is described.The many key techniques that are used in the research and development of low-coherence laser drivers are described and analyzed,including low-coherence source generation,amplification,harmonic conversion,and beam smoothing of low-coherence light.Then,recent progress achieved by our group in research on a broadband low-coherence laser driver is presented.During the development of our low-coherence high-power laser facility,we have proposed and implemented many key techniques for working with low-coherence light,including source generation,efficient amplification and propagation,harmonic conversion,beam smoothing,and precise beam control.Based on a series of technological breakthroughs,a kilojoule low-coherence laser driver named Kunwu with a coherence time of only 300 fs has been built,and the first round of physical experiments has been completed.This high-power laser facility provides not only a demonstration and verification platform for key techniques and system integration of a low-coherence laser driver,but also a new type of experimental platform for research into,for example,high-energy-density physics and,in particular,laser–plasma interactions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31430065, 31571686, 31371643, 31071445)National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFD0100401)+4 种基金“Strategic Priority Research Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08030108)the Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding of Chinese Academy of Sciences“One-hundred Talents” Startup Funds from Chinese Academy of SciencesScientific Research Foundation for Returned Chinese Scholars of Heilongjiang Province, China (LC201417)the Science Foundation for Creative Research Talents of Harbin Science and Technology Bureau, China (2014RFQYJ046)
文摘Soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merrill] is a major plant source of protein and oil. An accurate and well-saturated molecular linkage map is a prerequisite for forward genetic studies of gene function and for modern breeding for many useful agronomic traits. Next-generation sequence data available in public databases provides valuable information and offers new insights for rapid and efficient development of molecular markers. In this study, we attempted to show the feasibility and facility of using genomic resequencing data as raw material for identifying putative In Del markers. First, we identified 17,613 In Del sites among 56 soybean accessions and obtained 12,619 primer pairs. Second, we constructed a genetic map with a random subset of 2841 primer pairs and aligned 300 polymorphic markers with the 20 consensus linkage groups(LG). The total genetic distance was 2347.3 c M and the number of mapped markers per LG ranged from 10 to 23 with an average of 15 markers. The largest and smallest genetic distances between adjacent markers were 52.3 c M and 0.1 cM, respectively. Finally, we validated the genetic map constructed by newly developed In Del markers by QTL analysis of days to flowering(DTF) under different environments. One major QTL(qDTF4) and four minor QTL(qDTF20, qDTF13, qDTF12,and q DTF11) on 5 LGs were detected. These results demonstrate the utility of the In Del markers developed in this work for map-based cloning and molecular breeding in soybean.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61571209)
文摘Spectrum access approach and power allocation scheme are important techniques in cognitive radio(CR) system,which not only affect communication performance of CR user(secondary user,SU) but also play decisive role for protection of primary user(PU).In this study,we propose a power allocation scheme for SU based on the status sensing of PU in a single-input single-output(SISO) CR network.Instead of the conventional binary primary transmit power strategy,namely the sensed PU has only present or absent status,we consider a more practical scenario when PU transmits with multiple levels of power and quantized side information known by SU in advance as a primary quantized codebook.The secondary power allocation scheme to maximize the average throughput under the rate loss constraint(RLC) of PU is parameterized by the sensing results for PU,the primary quantized codebook and the channel state information(CSI) of SU.Furthermore,Differential Evolution(DE) algorithm is used to solve this non-convex power allocation problem.Simulation results show the performance and effectiveness of our proposed scheme under more practical communication conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21805201)the NSFC-NRF China-Korea International Joint Research Project(No.51911540473)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(No.2018T110544 and No.2017 M611899)the support by Suzhou Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies。
文摘Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)represents a unique class of cathode material for lithium sulfur(Li-S)batteries as it eradicates the polysulfides shuttling issue in carbonate-based electrolyte.However,due to the essential chemical S-linking and organic nature of SPAN,the active mass percentage and rate capability are two bottleneck issues preventing its ultimate deployment outside of laboratories.In the current work,aiming to endow both the charge conductivity and catalytic activity to SPAN for maximizing the redox kinetics of S conversion,a freestanding nanofibrous SPAN cathode embedding conductive CNTs and atomically dispersed Co centers is fabricated via multivariate electrospinning.While the CNTs enable dramatically enhancing the fiber conductivity and generating mesoscopic porosity for facilitating charge and mass transportation,the cross-linking of SPAN by Co-N_(4) S motifs creates extra charge conduction pathways and further serves as the catalytic active sites for expediting redox S conversion.As a result,an extraordinary Li-SPAN performance is achieved with a high specific capacity up to 1856 mAh g^(-1)@0.2 C,a superb rate capability up to 10 C,and an ultra-long battery life up to 1500 cycles@1 C.Consequently,our study here provides insights into the adoption of coordination chemistry to maximize the sulfur utilization by ensuring a more complete redox conversion from SPAN to Li2 S,and vice versa.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0901500)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.17YF1407900),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41576163)the Ocean Public Welfare Scientifi c Research Project,China(No.201205010)。
文摘Abstract Ulva linza is one of the species that causes green tides in the Yellow Sea,China.Due to the diffi culties in chromosomal preparation,the large numbers of chromosomes,and their relatively small sizes,there have been no reported studies on Ulva macroalgae chromosomes.The karyotypes and chromosomes in U.linza were observed after a series of treatments.The chromosomes were pretreated with 0.1%colchicine for 12 h and then mixed with enzymes.The samples were dropped from 30 cm height onto glass slides,which spread out the surface coat.These pretreatments were the optimal chromosomes preparation treatments.The prepared chromosomes were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI),which is a fl uorescent probe sensitive and specifi c to DNA.The chromosome number in the haploid male and female gametophytes was n=9,and was 2 n=18 in the diploid sporophytes.The female gametophyte chromosomes were between 0.804 and 2.292μm in size,the male gametophyte chromosomes were between 0.917 and 2.916μm,and the sporophyte chromosomes were between 0.912 and 2.167μm.The relative sizes of the chromosomes were used to analyze the karyotypes of the female and male gametophyte chromosomes.The results provide a solid foundation for the basic technique that can be used to localize molecular markers of Ulva chromosomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61571209)
文摘We propose a distributed closedloop power control scheme for a cognitive radio network(CRN) based on our developed state space model of the CRN. The whole power control process is separated into outer control loop and inner control loop in order to solve different problem. In outer loop, the interference temperature(IT) constraint is transformed to a performance index minimized by a state feedback controller to obtain an appropriate target signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR) of secondary user(SU). For ideal channel model and random time-varying channel model, our designed controller is a linear quadratic regulator(LQR) and a linear quadratic Gaussian(LQG) regulator respectively. While in inner loop, SU controls its transmit power to make the instantaneous SINR track the corresponding target and ensure the IT constraint under the limited threshold. The closed-loop stability of the CRN is proved and the performance of proposed control scheme is presented by computer simulations, which shows that this scheme can effectively guarantee both the requirement of SINR and IT constraint for all SUs.
基金Clinical Study of Endovascular Treatment of Severe Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis or Occlusion and Vascular Cognitive Impairment.Project No.:2019zc184。
文摘It is very important to study the factors affecting the incidence,progress and prognosis of patients with vascular dementia.50 cases of severe middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion underwent endovascular treatment(25 cases of mild cognitive dysfunction,25 cases of moderate cognitive dysfunction)were divided into two groups,where a medical drug treatment group and a control group established with 25 cases in each group.The cognitive function of each group of patients was evaluated before operation,7 days after operation,30 days after operation,and 180 days after operation.CTP was used to compare the hemodynamic changes in patients before and after operation.The severe stenosis or occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in patients can be improved,and the intracranial blood supply of patients with poorly compensated medial cranial circulation and hypoperfusion can be restored to a certain extent.Meanwhile,improvement of cognitive function was definitive in some patients with cognitive dysfunction.To guide the formulation of treatment plans for patients with severe middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973217,82174340).
文摘The mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines(MB-TCMs)are an important class of TCMs that have been widely used in clinical practice and recognized as safe long-term treatments for chronic diseases.However,as an important class of TCMs,the panorama of pharmacological effects and the mechanisms of MB-TCMs have not been systemically reviewed.Compelling studies have shown that gut microbiota can mediate the therapeutic activity of TCMs and help to elucidate the core principles of TCM medicinal theory.In this systematic review,we found that MB-TCMs commonly participated in the modulation of metabolic syndrome,intestinal inflammation,nervous system disease and cardiovascular system disease in association with promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides,Akkermansia,Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium,Roseburia as well as inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria Helicobacter,Enterococcus,Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella.These alterations,correspondingly,enhance the generation of protective metabolites,mainly including short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),bile acid(BAs),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),indole and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and inhibit the generation of harmful metabolites,such as proinflammatory factors trimethylamine oxide(TAMO)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS),to further exert multiplicative effects for the maintenance of human health through several different signaling pathways.Altogether,this present review has attempted to comprehensively summarize the relationship between MB-TCMs and gut microbiota by establishing the TCMs-gut microbiota-metabolite-signaling pathway-diseases axis,which may provide new insight into the study of TCM medicinal theories and their clinical applications.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82121003,81970841,82101160)the program of Science and Technology International Cooperation Project of Qinghai province(China)(No.2022-HZ-814)+2 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2019-12M-5-032)Sichuan Intellectual Property Office(China)(No.2022-ZS-0070)the Department of Chengdu Science and Technology(Sichuan,China)(No.2021-YF05-01316-SN).
文摘The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is responsible for monitoring the biogenesis and synthetic quality of membrane proteins with tail-anchored or multiple transmembrane domains.The EMC subunit EMC6 is one of the core members of EMC and forms an enclosed hydrophilic vestibule in cooperation with EMC3.Despite studies demonstrating that deletion of EMC3 led to rhodopsin mislocalization in rod photoreceptors of mice,the precise mechanism leading to the failure of rhodopsin trafficking remains unclear.Here,we generated the first rod photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(RKO)and cone photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(CKO)mouse models.Deficiency of Emc6 in rod photoreceptors led to progressive shortening of outer segments(OS),impaired visual function,mislocalization and reduced expression of rhodopsin,and increased gliosis in rod photoreceptors.In addition,CKO mice displayed the progressive death of cone photoreceptors and abnormal localization of cone opsin protein.Subsequently,proteomics analysis of the RKO mouse retina illustrated that several cilium-related proteins,particularly anoctamin-2(ANO2)and transmembrane protein 67(TMEM67),were significantly down-regulated prior to OS degeneration.Detrimental rod photoreceptor cilia and mislocalized membrane disc proteins were evident in RKO mice.Our data revealed that in addition to monitoring the synthesis of rhodopsin-dominated membrane disc proteins,EMC6 also impacted rod photoreceptors'ciliogenesis by regulating the synthesis of membrane proteins associated with cilia,contributing to the mislocalization of membrane disc proteins.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.32072013,31801383 to X.Z.)the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant no.2021YFF1001203 to X.Z.)。
文摘Soybean(Glycine max L.)is a typical photoperiodsensitive crop,such that photoperiod determines its flowering time,maturity,grain yield,and phenological adaptability.During evolution,the soybean genome has undergone two duplication events,resulting in about 75%of all genes being represented by multiple copies,which is associated with rampant gene redundancy.Among duplicated genes,the important soybean maturity gene E2 has two homologs,E2-Like a(E2La)and E2-Like b(E2Lb),which encode orthologs of Arabidopsis GIGANTEA(GI).Although E2 was cloned a decade ago,we still know very little about its contribution to flowering time and even less about the function of its homologs.Here,we generated single and double mutants in E2,E2La,and E2Lb by genome editing and determined that E2 plays major roles in the regulation of flowering time and yield,with the two E2 homologs depending on E2 function.At high latitude regions,e2 single mutants showed earlier flowering and high grain yield.Remarkably,in terms of genetic relationship,genes from the legume-specific transcription factor family E1 were epistatic to E2.We established that E2 and E2-like proteins form homodimers or heterodimers to regulate the transcription of E1 family genes,with the homodimer exerting a greater function than the heterodimers.In addition,we established that the H3 haplotype of E2 is the ancestral allele and is mainly restricted to low latitude regions,from which the loss-of-function alleles of the H1 and H2haplotypes were derived.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the function of the H3 allele is stronger than that of the H1 haplotype in the regulation of flowering time,which has not been shown before.Our findings provide excellent allelic combinations for classical breeding and targeted gene disruption or editing.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0908900,2018YFA0902600,2022YFB3804700,and 2021YFF1200100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22234004)+6 种基金Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials(2022B1212010003)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20190929172743294 and JCYJ20200109141231365)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering(ZDSYS20200811144003009)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen City(JCYJ20190809115005628)Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(2019ZT08Y191)Guangdong Major Talent Introduction Project(2019CX01Y196)the Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE for financial support。