The recruitment of key cells to regeneration sites is a promising strategy to promote functional wound healing.Dermal fibroblasts exhibit a heterogeneous population of cells during homeostasis and in response to injur...The recruitment of key cells to regeneration sites is a promising strategy to promote functional wound healing.Dermal fibroblasts exhibit a heterogeneous population of cells during homeostasis and in response to injury.Papillary fibroblasts play central regulatory roles in the regeneration of skin appendages during wound healing.Inspired by the phenomenon where bait for grass carp can attract grouped grass carps to a fishing spot soon,“Grass Carp Fishing”multifunctional hydrogels,that is,codelivery of an antibody of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1(Lrig1)on the surface of papillary fibroblasts and insulinlike growth factor 1(IGF1)with recruitment function,can recruit papillary fibroblasts.In the experiments,carboxymethyl chitosan showed positive effects in promoting cell proliferation and neovascularization,while dopamine-grafted gelatin was effective in stabilizing the structure and prolonging the degradation time.The sustained release of Lrig1 antibodies and IGF1 from injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogels persistently accelerated the migration and proliferation of Lrig1+fibroblasts.The in vivo results from a full-thickness cutaneous wound model showed that injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogel accelerated wound healing and skin regeneration through the recruitment of Lrig1+papillary fibroblasts in wound tissue.Our findings reveal an injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogel for regeneration,a promising approach to promoting skin wound healing.展开更多
Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kerne...Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator,ZmGRAS11,which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2,a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation,transactivates the expression of Zm GRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-Zm GRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.展开更多
In this study,flowback-assisted minifrac tests were conducted in low-permeability shale and salt formations to measure the in situ stress.An injection/flowback testing protocol was implemented in each test to achieve ...In this study,flowback-assisted minifrac tests were conducted in low-permeability shale and salt formations to measure the in situ stress.An injection/flowback testing protocol was implemented in each test to achieve accuracy and efficiency.Accurate and efficient injection/flowback testing is very important,given the impermeable nature of these formations and the need to complete each test as quickly as possible.Each flowback cycle yields a distinct and repeatable fracture closure signature,simplifying the interpretation of the fracture closure pressure.The objective of this paper is to share our field experience and to present a numerical analysis of the flowback test pressure responses,fracture closure behaviors,and fracture closure diagnostic methods.Examples from open-hole and casedhole minifrac tests are used to demonstrate site operation procedures.Then,two numerical models are presented for simulating the fracture closure behavior during a flowback test.Field evidence is provided to demonstrate that the fracture closure pressures from the flowback tests are identical to those from tests without flowback.The fracture closure diagnostic methods for flowback tests are discussed,and it is found that the G-function diagnostic method yields a distinct fracture closure signal during the flowback tests.This study is intended to provide additional insights regarding flowback tests by sharing our successes,experience,and knowledge,thereby benefiting the industry.展开更多
基金Funding for this study was provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20191141)Top Talent Support Program for Young and Middle-aged People of Wuxi Health Committee(Nos.BJ2020044,BJ2020057,and HB2020043)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds of Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuxi(No.M202024)the Special Program for Translational Medicine Research of Wuxi Translational Medicine Center(Nos.2020DHYB07 and 2020DHYB03)Key Special Project of Precision Medicine of Wuxi Health Commission(No.J202101).
文摘The recruitment of key cells to regeneration sites is a promising strategy to promote functional wound healing.Dermal fibroblasts exhibit a heterogeneous population of cells during homeostasis and in response to injury.Papillary fibroblasts play central regulatory roles in the regeneration of skin appendages during wound healing.Inspired by the phenomenon where bait for grass carp can attract grouped grass carps to a fishing spot soon,“Grass Carp Fishing”multifunctional hydrogels,that is,codelivery of an antibody of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1(Lrig1)on the surface of papillary fibroblasts and insulinlike growth factor 1(IGF1)with recruitment function,can recruit papillary fibroblasts.In the experiments,carboxymethyl chitosan showed positive effects in promoting cell proliferation and neovascularization,while dopamine-grafted gelatin was effective in stabilizing the structure and prolonging the degradation time.The sustained release of Lrig1 antibodies and IGF1 from injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogels persistently accelerated the migration and proliferation of Lrig1+fibroblasts.The in vivo results from a full-thickness cutaneous wound model showed that injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogel accelerated wound healing and skin regeneration through the recruitment of Lrig1+papillary fibroblasts in wound tissue.Our findings reveal an injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogel for regeneration,a promising approach to promoting skin wound healing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to X.J.Z.(grant number 31771707)National Special Program for GMO Development of China to R.M.C.(2016ZX08003-002)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2014CB138205)。
文摘Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator,ZmGRAS11,which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2,a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation,transactivates the expression of Zm GRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-Zm GRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.
文摘In this study,flowback-assisted minifrac tests were conducted in low-permeability shale and salt formations to measure the in situ stress.An injection/flowback testing protocol was implemented in each test to achieve accuracy and efficiency.Accurate and efficient injection/flowback testing is very important,given the impermeable nature of these formations and the need to complete each test as quickly as possible.Each flowback cycle yields a distinct and repeatable fracture closure signature,simplifying the interpretation of the fracture closure pressure.The objective of this paper is to share our field experience and to present a numerical analysis of the flowback test pressure responses,fracture closure behaviors,and fracture closure diagnostic methods.Examples from open-hole and casedhole minifrac tests are used to demonstrate site operation procedures.Then,two numerical models are presented for simulating the fracture closure behavior during a flowback test.Field evidence is provided to demonstrate that the fracture closure pressures from the flowback tests are identical to those from tests without flowback.The fracture closure diagnostic methods for flowback tests are discussed,and it is found that the G-function diagnostic method yields a distinct fracture closure signal during the flowback tests.This study is intended to provide additional insights regarding flowback tests by sharing our successes,experience,and knowledge,thereby benefiting the industry.