The purpose of the study was to further investigate the validity of the instrument used for col-lecting preservice teachers'perceptions of sel-fficacy adapting the three-level hierarchical generalized linear model...The purpose of the study was to further investigate the validity of the instrument used for col-lecting preservice teachers'perceptions of sel-fficacy adapting the three-level hierarchical generalized linear modeling(HGLM)model.To serve the purpose,the study used data collct-ed by the research team which elicited preservice teachers'self-efficacy beliefs using Teachers'Sense of Efficacy Scale(TSES).HGLM were used to analyze the data.Results of the HGLM analyses(at level-two)showed that one item in the scale displayed gender DIF.Another item became DIF item when the context variable was added to the level-two model.However,the effect of the context on the DIF item was not big.展开更多
Sepsis and septic shock remain the leading causes of death in intensive care units.Some patients with sepsis fail to respond to routine treatment and rapidly progress to refractory respiratory and circulatory failure,...Sepsis and septic shock remain the leading causes of death in intensive care units.Some patients with sepsis fail to respond to routine treatment and rapidly progress to refractory respiratory and circulatory failure,necessitating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).However,the role of ECMO in adult patients with sepsis has not been fully established.According to existing studies,ECMO may be a viable salvage therapy in carefully selected adult patients with sepsis.The choice of venovenous,venoarterial,or hybrid ECMO modes is primarily determined by the patient’s oxygenation and hemodynamics(distributive shock with preserved cardiac output,septic cardiomyopathy(left,right,or biventricular heart failure),or right ventricular failure caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome).Veno-venous ECMO can be used in patients with sepsis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome when conventional mechanical ventilation fails,and early application of veno-arterial ECMO in patients with sepsis-induced refractory cardiogenic shock may be critical in improving their chances of survival.When ECMO is indicated,the choice of an appropriate mode and determination of the optimal timing of initiation and weaning are critical,particularly in an experienced ECMO center.Furthermore,some special issues,such as ECMO flow,anticoagulation,and antibiotic therapy,should be noted during the management of ECMO support.展开更多
To the Editor:Remimazolam besylate is a novel,ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine with a rapid and a predictable onset and offset profile,no accumulation and extended effect,and independence of organ elimination.
文摘The purpose of the study was to further investigate the validity of the instrument used for col-lecting preservice teachers'perceptions of sel-fficacy adapting the three-level hierarchical generalized linear modeling(HGLM)model.To serve the purpose,the study used data collct-ed by the research team which elicited preservice teachers'self-efficacy beliefs using Teachers'Sense of Efficacy Scale(TSES).HGLM were used to analyze the data.Results of the HGLM analyses(at level-two)showed that one item in the scale displayed gender DIF.Another item became DIF item when the context variable was added to the level-two model.However,the effect of the context on the DIF item was not big.
文摘Sepsis and septic shock remain the leading causes of death in intensive care units.Some patients with sepsis fail to respond to routine treatment and rapidly progress to refractory respiratory and circulatory failure,necessitating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).However,the role of ECMO in adult patients with sepsis has not been fully established.According to existing studies,ECMO may be a viable salvage therapy in carefully selected adult patients with sepsis.The choice of venovenous,venoarterial,or hybrid ECMO modes is primarily determined by the patient’s oxygenation and hemodynamics(distributive shock with preserved cardiac output,septic cardiomyopathy(left,right,or biventricular heart failure),or right ventricular failure caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome).Veno-venous ECMO can be used in patients with sepsis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome when conventional mechanical ventilation fails,and early application of veno-arterial ECMO in patients with sepsis-induced refractory cardiogenic shock may be critical in improving their chances of survival.When ECMO is indicated,the choice of an appropriate mode and determination of the optimal timing of initiation and weaning are critical,particularly in an experienced ECMO center.Furthermore,some special issues,such as ECMO flow,anticoagulation,and antibiotic therapy,should be noted during the management of ECMO support.
文摘To the Editor:Remimazolam besylate is a novel,ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine with a rapid and a predictable onset and offset profile,no accumulation and extended effect,and independence of organ elimination.