Electronic structure engineering in organic thermoelectric materials

Electronic structures, which play a key role in determining electrical and optical properties of π-conjugated organic materials, have attracted tremendous interest. Efficient thermoelectric (TE) conversion of organic materials has rigorous requirements on electronic structures. Recently, the rational design and precise modulation of electronic structures have exhibited great potential in exploring state-of-the-art organic TE materials. This review focuses on the regulation of electronic structures of organic materials toward efficient TE conversion. First, we present the basic knowledge regarding electronic structures and the requirements for efficient TE conversion of organic materials, followed by a brief introduction of commonly used methods for electronic structure characterization. Next, we highlight the key strategies of electronic structure engineering for high-performance organic TE materials. Finally, an overview of the electronic structure engineering of organic TE materials, along with current challenges and future research directions, are provided.

Asymmetric side-chain engineering of organic semiconductor for ultrasensitive gas sensing

Molecular structure of organic semiconductor plays a critical role in determining the performance and functionality of organic electronic devices,by optimizing the electrical,optical and physicochemical properties.Substituted alkyl chains are fundamental units in tailering the solubility and assemblability,among which the asymmetric properties have been reported as key element for controlling the packing motifs and intrinsic charge transport.Here,we expanded the scope of molecular asymmetry dependent sensing features based on a new series of naphthalene diimides(NDI)-based derivatives substituted with a same branching alkyl chain but various linear-shaped alkyl chains(Cn-).A clear molecular stacking change,from head-to-head bilayer to head-to-tail monolayer packing model,is observed based on the features of anisotropic molecular interactions with the change in the chain length.Most importantly,a unique LUMO level shift of 0.17 eV is validated for NDI-PhC4,providing a record sensitivity up to 150%to 0.01 ppb ammonia,due to the desired molecular reactivity and device amplification properties.These results indicate that asymmetric side-chain engineering opens a route for breath healthcare.

Surface charge transfer doping of graphene using a strong molecular dopant CN6-CP

Surface charge transfer doping of graphene plays an important role in graphene-based electronics due to its simplicity,high doping efficiency,and easy-controllability.Here,we demonstrate the effective surface charge transfer hole doping of graphene by using a strong p-type molecular dopant hexacyanotrimethylene-cyclopropane (CN6-CP).The CN6-CP exhibits a very high intrinsic work function of 6.37 e V,which facilitates remarkable electron transfer from graphene to CN6-CP as revealed by in situ photoelectron spectroscopy investigations.Consequently,hole accumulation appears in the graphene layer at the direct contact with CN6-CP.As evidenced by Hall effect measurements,the areal hole density of graphene significantly increased from 8.3×10^(12)cm^(-2) to 2.21×10^(13)cm^(-2) upon 6 nm CN6-CP evaporation.The CN6-CP acceptor with strong p-doping effect has great implications for both graphene-based and organic electronics.

苏云金芽胞杆菌cyt2Ba16基因的克隆表达

[目的]获得苏云金芽胞杆菌QL32-1中杀虫晶体蛋白基因,并分析其杀虫活性。[方法]采用cyt基因通用引物、两步法染色体步移的方法对QL32-1中cyt基因进行鉴定和全长克隆,再构建重组质粒pET-28a-2Ba16,并转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导表达,最后对表达蛋白进行杀虫活性分析。[结果]克隆得到1个全长783 bp cyt2B基因,其编码260个氨基酸,推导分子量约29.69 kDa,此氨基酸序列与已知的Cyt2Ba1蛋白同源性最高,为92.4%。该基因被国际杀虫晶体蛋白基因命名委员会正式命名为cyt2Ba16。杀虫活性分析表明:cyt2Ba16对双翅目的库蚊(Culex quinquefasciatus)具有显著的杀虫活性,LC50为9.73μg/mL。[结论]cyt2Ba16基因是一个对库蚊具有较高杀虫活性的新型cyt基因,为QL32-1菌株的应用提供理论基础。