A green environmental protection and enhanced leaching process was proposed to recover all elements from spent lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4)) lithium batteries.In order to reduce the influence of Al impurity in th...A green environmental protection and enhanced leaching process was proposed to recover all elements from spent lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4)) lithium batteries.In order to reduce the influence of Al impurity in the recovery process,NaOH was used to remove impurity.After impurity removal,the spent LiFePO_(4) cathode material was used as raw material under the H_(2)SO_(4) system,and the pressure oxidation leaching process was adopted to achieve the preferential leaching of lithium.The E-pH diagram of the Fe-P-Al-H_(2)O system can determine the stable region of each element in the recovery process of spent LiFePO_(4)Li-batteries.Under the optimal conditions(500 r·min^(-1),15 h,363.15 K,0.4 MPa,the liquid-solid ratio was 4:1 ml·g^(-1)and the acid-material ratio was 0.29),the leaching rate of Li was 99.24%,Fe,Al,and Ti were 0.10%,2.07%,and 0.03%,respectively.The Fe and P were precipitated and recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O.The kinetic analysis shows that the process of high-pressure acid leaching of spent LiFePO_(4) materials depends on the surface chemical reaction.Through the life cycle assessment(LCA)of the spent LiFePO_(4) whole recovery process,eight midpoint impact categories were selected to assess the impact of recovery process.The results can provide basic environmental information on production process for recycling industry.展开更多
The joint extraction of entities and their relations from certain texts plays a significant role in most natural language processes.For entity and relation extraction in a specific domain,we propose a hybrid neural fr...The joint extraction of entities and their relations from certain texts plays a significant role in most natural language processes.For entity and relation extraction in a specific domain,we propose a hybrid neural framework consisting of two parts:a span-based model and a graph-based model.The span-based model can tackle overlapping problems compared with BILOU methods,whereas the graph-based model treats relation prediction as graph classification.Our main contribution is to incorporate external lexical and syntactic knowledge of a specific domain,such as domain dictionaries and dependency structures from texts,into end-to-end neural models.We conducted extensive experiments on a Chinese military entity and relation extraction corpus.The results show that the proposed framework outperforms the baselines with better performance in terms of entity and relation prediction.The proposed method provides insight into problems with the joint extraction of entities and their relations.展开更多
Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic balance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton.As a key component of actomyosin filaments,non-muscle myosin-ⅡA disassembly contributes to tumor cell spreading and migration.However,its...Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic balance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton.As a key component of actomyosin filaments,non-muscle myosin-ⅡA disassembly contributes to tumor cell spreading and migration.However,its regulatory mechanism in tumor migration and invasion is poorly understood.Here,we found that oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein(HBXIP) blocked the myosin-ⅡA assemble state promoting breast cancer cell migration.Mechanistically,mass spectrometry analysis,co-immunoprecipitation assay and GST-pull down assay proved that HBXIP directly interacted with the assembly-competent domain(ACD) of non-muscle heavy chain myosin-ⅡA(NMHC-ⅡA).The interaction was enhanced by NMHC-ⅡA S1916 phosphorylation via HBXIP-recruited protein kinase PKCβⅡ.Moreover,HBXIP induced the transcription of PRKCB,encoding PKCβⅡ,by coactivating Sp1,and triggered PKCβⅡ kinase activity.Interestingly,RNA sequencing and mouse metastasis model indicated that the anti-hyperlipidemic drug bezafibrate(BZF) suppressed breast cancer metastasis via inhibiting PKCβⅡ-mediated NMHC-ⅡA phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo.We reveal a novel mechanism by which HBXIP promotes myosin-ⅡA disassembly via interacting and phosphorylating NMHC-ⅡA,and BZF can serve as an effective anti-metastatic drug in breast cancer.展开更多
The global spread of enteroviruses(EVs)has become more frequent,severe and life-threatening.Intereron(IFN)I has been proved to control EVs by regulating IFN-stimulated genes(ISG)expression.20-50-oligoadenylate synthet...The global spread of enteroviruses(EVs)has become more frequent,severe and life-threatening.Intereron(IFN)I has been proved to control EVs by regulating IFN-stimulated genes(ISG)expression.20-50-oligoadenylate synthetases 3(OAS3)is an important ISG in the OAS/RNase L antiviral system.The relationship between OAS3 and EVs is still unclear.Here,we reveal that OAS3,superior to OAS1 and OAS2,significantly inhibited EV71 replication in vitro.However,EV71 utilized autologous 3C protease(3C^(pro))to cleave intracellular OAS3 and enhance viral replication.Rupintrivir,a human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitor,completely abolished the cleavage of EV713C^(pro)on OAS3.And the proteolytically deficient mutants H40G,E71A,and C147G of EV713C^(pro)also lost the ability of OAS3 cleavage.Mechanistically,the Q982-G983 motif in C-terminal of OAS3 was identified as a crucial 3C^(pro)cutting site.Further investigation indicated that OAS3 inhibited not only EV71 but also Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),Coxsackievirus A16(CA16),Enterovirus D68(EVD68),and Coxsackievirus A6(CA6)subtypes.Notably,unlike other four subtypes,CA163C^(pro)could not cleave OAS3.Two key amino acids variation Ile36 and Val86 in CA163C^(pro)might result in weak and delayed virus replication of CA16 because of failure of OAS and 3AB cleavage.Our works elucidate the broad anti-EVs function of OAS3,and illuminate a novel mechanism by which EV71 use 3C^(pro)to escape the antiviral effect of OAS3.These findings can be an important entry point for developing novel therapeutic strategies for multiple EVs infection.展开更多
Enterovirus 71(EV71) caused hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) is a serious threat to the health of young children. Although type I interferon(IFN-I) has been proven to control EV71 replication, the key downstream IFN...Enterovirus 71(EV71) caused hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) is a serious threat to the health of young children. Although type I interferon(IFN-I) has been proven to control EV71 replication, the key downstream IFNstimulated gene(ISG) remains to be clarified and investigated. Recently, we found that 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetases 3(OAS3), as one of ISG of IFN-β1b, was antagonized by EV71 3C protein. Here, we confirm that OAS3is the major determinant of IFN-β1b-mediated EV71 inhibition, which depends on the downstream constitutive RNase L activation. 2’-5’-oligoadenylate(2-5A) synthesis activity deficient mutations of OAS3 D816A, D818A,D888A, and K950A lost resistance to EV71 because they could not activate downstream RNase L. Further investigation proved that EV71 infection induced OAS3 but not RNase L expression by IFN pathway. Mechanically, EV71 or IFN-β1b-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, but not STAT3, initiated the transcription of OAS3 by directly binding to the OAS3 promoter. Our works elucidate the immune regulatory mechanism of the host OAS3/RNase L system against EV71 replication.展开更多
Wireless indoor localization has attracted growing research interest in the mobile computing community for the last decade. Various available indoor signals, including radio frequency, ambient, visual, and motion sign...Wireless indoor localization has attracted growing research interest in the mobile computing community for the last decade. Various available indoor signals, including radio frequency, ambient, visual, and motion signals, are extensively exploited for location estimation in indoor environments. The physical measurements of these signals, however, are still limited by both the resolution of devices and the spatial-temporal variability of the signals. One type of noisy signal complemented by another type of signal can benefit the wireless indoor localization in many ways, since these signals are related in their physics and independent in noise. In this article, we survey the new trend of integrating multiple chaotic signals to facilitate the creation of a crowdsourced localization system. Specifically, we first present a three-layer framework for crowdsourcing-based indoor localization by integrating multiple signals, and illustrate the basic methodology for making use of the available signals. Next, we study the mainstream signals involved in indoor localization approaches in terms of their characteristics and typical usages. Furthermore, considering multiple different outputs from different signals, we present significant insights to integrate them together, to achieve localizability in different sce- narios.展开更多
Strategic resource allocation into decision-making model plays a valuable role for the defender in mitigating damage and improving efficiency in military environments.In this paper,we develop a defensive resource allo...Strategic resource allocation into decision-making model plays a valuable role for the defender in mitigating damage and improving efficiency in military environments.In this paper,we develop a defensive resource allocation model based on cumulative prospect theory (CPT),which considers terrorists' psychological factors of decision-making in reality.More specifically,we extend existing models in the presence of multiple attributes and terrorists' deviations from rationality using a multi-attribute cumulative prospect theory.In addition,interval values are used to cope with uncertainties regarding gain and loss.Comparative studies are also carried out to demonstrate the differences among minmax,Nash equilibrium (NE),and traditional probability risk analysis (PRA) strategies.Results show that the defender's optimal defensive resource allocation will change along with terrorists' behaviors and the proposed model makes more sense compared with other traditional resource allocation strategies.展开更多
In large-scale data centers, many servers are in- terconnected via a dedicated networking structure, so as to satisfy specific design goals, such as the low equipment cost, the high network capacity, and the increment...In large-scale data centers, many servers are in- terconnected via a dedicated networking structure, so as to satisfy specific design goals, such as the low equipment cost, the high network capacity, and the incremental expansion. The topological properties of a networking structure are criti- cal factors that dominate the performance of the entire data center. The existing networking structures are either fully random or completely structured. Although such networking structures exhibit advantages on given aspects, they suffer ob- vious shortcomings in other essential fields. In this paper, we aim to design a hybrid topology, called R3, which is the com- pound graph of structured and random topology. It employs random regular graph as a unit duster and connects many such clusters by means of a structured topology, i.e., the gen- eralized hypercube. Consequently, the hybrid topology com- bines the advantages of structured as well as random topolo- gies seamlessly. Meanwhile, a coloring-based algorithm is proposed for R3 to enable fast and accurate routing. R3 pos- sesses many attractive characteristics, such as the modularity and expansibility at the cost of only increasing the degree of any node by one. Comprehensive evaluation results show that our hybrid topology possesses excellent topology properties and network performance.展开更多
Our recent study reported that ATP1B3 inhibits hepatitis B virus(HBV)replication via inducing NF-κB activation.However,ATP1B3 mutants which were defective in NF-κB activation still maintained the moderate degree of ...Our recent study reported that ATP1B3 inhibits hepatitis B virus(HBV)replication via inducing NF-κB activation.However,ATP1B3 mutants which were defective in NF-κB activation still maintained the moderate degree of suppression on HBV replication,suggesting that another uncharacterized mechanism is also responsible for ATP1B3-mediated HBV suppression.Here,we demonstrated that ATP1B3 reduced the expression of HBV envelope proteins LHBs,MHBs and SHBs,but had no effect on intracellular HBV DNA,RNA levels as well as HBV promoter activities.Further investigation showed that proteasome inhibitor MG132 rescued ATP1B3-mediated envelope proteins degradation,demonstrating that proteasome-dependent pathway is involved in ATP1B3-induced degradation of envelope proteins.Co-IP showed that ATP1B3 interacts with LHBs and MHBs and induces LHBs and MHBs polyubiquitination.Immunofluorescence colocalization analysis confirmed LHBs and MHBs colocalized with ATP1B3 together.Our work provides important information for targeting ATP1B3 as a potential therapeutic molecule for HBV infection.展开更多
Localizability in large-scale, randomly deployed Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) is a classic but challenging issue. To become localizable, WSNs normally require extensive adjustments or additional mobile nodes. To add...Localizability in large-scale, randomly deployed Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) is a classic but challenging issue. To become localizable, WSNs normally require extensive adjustments or additional mobile nodes. To address this issue, we utilize occasional passive events to ease the burden of localization-oriented network adjustment. We prove the sufficient condition for node and network localizability and design corresponding algorithms to minimize the number of nodes for adjustment. The upper bound of the number of adjusted nodes is limited to the number of articulation nodes in a connected graph. The results of extensive simulations show that our approach greatly reduces the cost required for network adjustment and can thus provide better support for the localization of large-scale sparse networks than other approaches.展开更多
Finding entities of interest in indoor commercial places, such as the merchandise in supermarkets and shopping malls, is an essential issue for customers, especially when they are unfamiliar with an ad hoc indoor envi...Finding entities of interest in indoor commercial places, such as the merchandise in supermarkets and shopping malls, is an essential issue for customers, especially when they are unfamiliar with an ad hoc indoor environment. This type of location-based indoor service requires comprehensive knowledge of indoor entities, including locations as well as their semantic information. However, the existing indoor localization approaches fail to directly localize these general entities without dedicated devices. This paper first focuses on the problem of discovering large-scale general entities of interest in indoor commercial spaces without pre-deployed infrastructure. We present a unique entity localization approach that leverages the localization results from multiple independent users to accurately determine the location of corresponding entities. Our key idea is to exploit the short-distance estimation with dead reckoning to guarantee the accuracy of entity localization. We develop a prototype system based on the crowdsourcing method, iScan, and test it in one of the biggest supermarkets in Changsha, China, to validate the performance of our design. Extensive experimental results show that our approach can achieve meter-level accuracy in a single day with 70 participants. Moreover, in a monthly evaluation with 500 effective participants, iScan discovered more than 200 entities and localized approximately 75% of them within 2 m.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51834008,52022109,52274307,and 21804319)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2901100)+1 种基金Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(2462022QZDX008,2462021QNX2010,2462020YXZZ019 and 2462020YXZZ016)State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(HON-KFKT2022-10).
文摘A green environmental protection and enhanced leaching process was proposed to recover all elements from spent lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4)) lithium batteries.In order to reduce the influence of Al impurity in the recovery process,NaOH was used to remove impurity.After impurity removal,the spent LiFePO_(4) cathode material was used as raw material under the H_(2)SO_(4) system,and the pressure oxidation leaching process was adopted to achieve the preferential leaching of lithium.The E-pH diagram of the Fe-P-Al-H_(2)O system can determine the stable region of each element in the recovery process of spent LiFePO_(4)Li-batteries.Under the optimal conditions(500 r·min^(-1),15 h,363.15 K,0.4 MPa,the liquid-solid ratio was 4:1 ml·g^(-1)and the acid-material ratio was 0.29),the leaching rate of Li was 99.24%,Fe,Al,and Ti were 0.10%,2.07%,and 0.03%,respectively.The Fe and P were precipitated and recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O.The kinetic analysis shows that the process of high-pressure acid leaching of spent LiFePO_(4) materials depends on the surface chemical reaction.Through the life cycle assessment(LCA)of the spent LiFePO_(4) whole recovery process,eight midpoint impact categories were selected to assess the impact of recovery process.The results can provide basic environmental information on production process for recycling industry.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province“333”project BRA2020418the NSFC under Grant Number 71901215+2 种基金the National University of Defense Technology Research Project ZK20-46the Outstanding Young Talents Program of National University of Defense Technologythe National University of Defense Technology Youth Innovation Project。
文摘The joint extraction of entities and their relations from certain texts plays a significant role in most natural language processes.For entity and relation extraction in a specific domain,we propose a hybrid neural framework consisting of two parts:a span-based model and a graph-based model.The span-based model can tackle overlapping problems compared with BILOU methods,whereas the graph-based model treats relation prediction as graph classification.Our main contribution is to incorporate external lexical and syntactic knowledge of a specific domain,such as domain dictionaries and dependency structures from texts,into end-to-end neural models.We conducted extensive experiments on a Chinese military entity and relation extraction corpus.The results show that the proposed framework outperforms the baselines with better performance in terms of entity and relation prediction.The proposed method provides insight into problems with the joint extraction of entities and their relations.
基金supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072929,82072943,and 31870752,China).
文摘Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic balance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton.As a key component of actomyosin filaments,non-muscle myosin-ⅡA disassembly contributes to tumor cell spreading and migration.However,its regulatory mechanism in tumor migration and invasion is poorly understood.Here,we found that oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein(HBXIP) blocked the myosin-ⅡA assemble state promoting breast cancer cell migration.Mechanistically,mass spectrometry analysis,co-immunoprecipitation assay and GST-pull down assay proved that HBXIP directly interacted with the assembly-competent domain(ACD) of non-muscle heavy chain myosin-ⅡA(NMHC-ⅡA).The interaction was enhanced by NMHC-ⅡA S1916 phosphorylation via HBXIP-recruited protein kinase PKCβⅡ.Moreover,HBXIP induced the transcription of PRKCB,encoding PKCβⅡ,by coactivating Sp1,and triggered PKCβⅡ kinase activity.Interestingly,RNA sequencing and mouse metastasis model indicated that the anti-hyperlipidemic drug bezafibrate(BZF) suppressed breast cancer metastasis via inhibiting PKCβⅡ-mediated NMHC-ⅡA phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo.We reveal a novel mechanism by which HBXIP promotes myosin-ⅡA disassembly via interacting and phosphorylating NMHC-ⅡA,and BZF can serve as an effective anti-metastatic drug in breast cancer.
基金supported by funding from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2301900 and 2301904)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930062)+1 种基金Health Commission of Jilin Province(2020J059)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology,Jilin Province(20102209)。
文摘The global spread of enteroviruses(EVs)has become more frequent,severe and life-threatening.Intereron(IFN)I has been proved to control EVs by regulating IFN-stimulated genes(ISG)expression.20-50-oligoadenylate synthetases 3(OAS3)is an important ISG in the OAS/RNase L antiviral system.The relationship between OAS3 and EVs is still unclear.Here,we reveal that OAS3,superior to OAS1 and OAS2,significantly inhibited EV71 replication in vitro.However,EV71 utilized autologous 3C protease(3C^(pro))to cleave intracellular OAS3 and enhance viral replication.Rupintrivir,a human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitor,completely abolished the cleavage of EV713C^(pro)on OAS3.And the proteolytically deficient mutants H40G,E71A,and C147G of EV713C^(pro)also lost the ability of OAS3 cleavage.Mechanistically,the Q982-G983 motif in C-terminal of OAS3 was identified as a crucial 3C^(pro)cutting site.Further investigation indicated that OAS3 inhibited not only EV71 but also Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),Coxsackievirus A16(CA16),Enterovirus D68(EVD68),and Coxsackievirus A6(CA6)subtypes.Notably,unlike other four subtypes,CA163C^(pro)could not cleave OAS3.Two key amino acids variation Ile36 and Val86 in CA163C^(pro)might result in weak and delayed virus replication of CA16 because of failure of OAS and 3AB cleavage.Our works elucidate the broad anti-EVs function of OAS3,and illuminate a novel mechanism by which EV71 use 3C^(pro)to escape the antiviral effect of OAS3.These findings can be an important entry point for developing novel therapeutic strategies for multiple EVs infection.
基金supported by funding from the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2301900 and 2301904)National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930062)+2 种基金Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province (YDZJ202201ZYTS590)Health Commission of Jilin Province (2020J059)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology,Jilin Province (20102209)
文摘Enterovirus 71(EV71) caused hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) is a serious threat to the health of young children. Although type I interferon(IFN-I) has been proven to control EV71 replication, the key downstream IFNstimulated gene(ISG) remains to be clarified and investigated. Recently, we found that 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetases 3(OAS3), as one of ISG of IFN-β1b, was antagonized by EV71 3C protein. Here, we confirm that OAS3is the major determinant of IFN-β1b-mediated EV71 inhibition, which depends on the downstream constitutive RNase L activation. 2’-5’-oligoadenylate(2-5A) synthesis activity deficient mutations of OAS3 D816A, D818A,D888A, and K950A lost resistance to EV71 because they could not activate downstream RNase L. Further investigation proved that EV71 infection induced OAS3 but not RNase L expression by IFN pathway. Mechanically, EV71 or IFN-β1b-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, but not STAT3, initiated the transcription of OAS3 by directly binding to the OAS3 promoter. Our works elucidate the immune regulatory mechanism of the host OAS3/RNase L system against EV71 replication.
基金The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. This work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61422214), National Basic Research Program (973 program) (2014CB347800), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (2016JJ1002), and the Research Funding of NUDT (JQ14-05-02 and ZDYYJCYJ20140601).
文摘Wireless indoor localization has attracted growing research interest in the mobile computing community for the last decade. Various available indoor signals, including radio frequency, ambient, visual, and motion signals, are extensively exploited for location estimation in indoor environments. The physical measurements of these signals, however, are still limited by both the resolution of devices and the spatial-temporal variability of the signals. One type of noisy signal complemented by another type of signal can benefit the wireless indoor localization in many ways, since these signals are related in their physics and independent in noise. In this article, we survey the new trend of integrating multiple chaotic signals to facilitate the creation of a crowdsourced localization system. Specifically, we first present a three-layer framework for crowdsourcing-based indoor localization by integrating multiple signals, and illustrate the basic methodology for making use of the available signals. Next, we study the mainstream signals involved in indoor localization approaches in terms of their characteristics and typical usages. Furthermore, considering multiple different outputs from different signals, we present significant insights to integrate them together, to achieve localizability in different sce- narios.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 71690233, 71501182, and 71571185. The authors would like to thank the Guest Editors and anonymous referees for furnishing comments and constructive suggestions that improved the quality of this paper.
文摘Strategic resource allocation into decision-making model plays a valuable role for the defender in mitigating damage and improving efficiency in military environments.In this paper,we develop a defensive resource allocation model based on cumulative prospect theory (CPT),which considers terrorists' psychological factors of decision-making in reality.More specifically,we extend existing models in the presence of multiple attributes and terrorists' deviations from rationality using a multi-attribute cumulative prospect theory.In addition,interval values are used to cope with uncertainties regarding gain and loss.Comparative studies are also carried out to demonstrate the differences among minmax,Nash equilibrium (NE),and traditional probability risk analysis (PRA) strategies.Results show that the defender's optimal defensive resource allocation will change along with terrorists' behaviors and the proposed model makes more sense compared with other traditional resource allocation strategies.
文摘In large-scale data centers, many servers are in- terconnected via a dedicated networking structure, so as to satisfy specific design goals, such as the low equipment cost, the high network capacity, and the incremental expansion. The topological properties of a networking structure are criti- cal factors that dominate the performance of the entire data center. The existing networking structures are either fully random or completely structured. Although such networking structures exhibit advantages on given aspects, they suffer ob- vious shortcomings in other essential fields. In this paper, we aim to design a hybrid topology, called R3, which is the com- pound graph of structured and random topology. It employs random regular graph as a unit duster and connects many such clusters by means of a structured topology, i.e., the gen- eralized hypercube. Consequently, the hybrid topology com- bines the advantages of structured as well as random topolo- gies seamlessly. Meanwhile, a coloring-based algorithm is proposed for R3 to enable fast and accurate routing. R3 pos- sesses many attractive characteristics, such as the modularity and expansibility at the cost of only increasing the degree of any node by one. Comprehensive evaluation results show that our hybrid topology possesses excellent topology properties and network performance.
基金This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81672004 and 31270202)the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(2018ZX10302104-001-010)+3 种基金Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province(20160101044JC and 20190101003JH)Health Commission of Jilin Province(2016J065)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology,Jilin Province(20102209)Norman Bethune Program of Jilin University(2015331)to Baisong Zheng.
文摘Our recent study reported that ATP1B3 inhibits hepatitis B virus(HBV)replication via inducing NF-κB activation.However,ATP1B3 mutants which were defective in NF-κB activation still maintained the moderate degree of suppression on HBV replication,suggesting that another uncharacterized mechanism is also responsible for ATP1B3-mediated HBV suppression.Here,we demonstrated that ATP1B3 reduced the expression of HBV envelope proteins LHBs,MHBs and SHBs,but had no effect on intracellular HBV DNA,RNA levels as well as HBV promoter activities.Further investigation showed that proteasome inhibitor MG132 rescued ATP1B3-mediated envelope proteins degradation,demonstrating that proteasome-dependent pathway is involved in ATP1B3-induced degradation of envelope proteins.Co-IP showed that ATP1B3 interacts with LHBs and MHBs and induces LHBs and MHBs polyubiquitination.Immunofluorescence colocalization analysis confirmed LHBs and MHBs colocalized with ATP1B3 together.Our work provides important information for targeting ATP1B3 as a potential therapeutic molecule for HBV infection.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Outstanding Excellent Young Scholars of China (No. 61422214)the National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (No. 2014CB347800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61371196)
文摘Localizability in large-scale, randomly deployed Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) is a classic but challenging issue. To become localizable, WSNs normally require extensive adjustments or additional mobile nodes. To address this issue, we utilize occasional passive events to ease the burden of localization-oriented network adjustment. We prove the sufficient condition for node and network localizability and design corresponding algorithms to minimize the number of nodes for adjustment. The upper bound of the number of adjusted nodes is limited to the number of articulation nodes in a connected graph. The results of extensive simulations show that our approach greatly reduces the cost required for network adjustment and can thus provide better support for the localization of large-scale sparse networks than other approaches.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61422214)National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB347800)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (2016JJ1002)the Research Funding of NUDT (JQ14-05-02 and ZDYYJCYJ20140601).
文摘Finding entities of interest in indoor commercial places, such as the merchandise in supermarkets and shopping malls, is an essential issue for customers, especially when they are unfamiliar with an ad hoc indoor environment. This type of location-based indoor service requires comprehensive knowledge of indoor entities, including locations as well as their semantic information. However, the existing indoor localization approaches fail to directly localize these general entities without dedicated devices. This paper first focuses on the problem of discovering large-scale general entities of interest in indoor commercial spaces without pre-deployed infrastructure. We present a unique entity localization approach that leverages the localization results from multiple independent users to accurately determine the location of corresponding entities. Our key idea is to exploit the short-distance estimation with dead reckoning to guarantee the accuracy of entity localization. We develop a prototype system based on the crowdsourcing method, iScan, and test it in one of the biggest supermarkets in Changsha, China, to validate the performance of our design. Extensive experimental results show that our approach can achieve meter-level accuracy in a single day with 70 participants. Moreover, in a monthly evaluation with 500 effective participants, iScan discovered more than 200 entities and localized approximately 75% of them within 2 m.