An autotrophic denitrifying bioreactor with iron sulfide(FeS)as the electron donor was operated to remove ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))synergistically from wastewater for more than 298 d.The concentratio...An autotrophic denitrifying bioreactor with iron sulfide(FeS)as the electron donor was operated to remove ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))synergistically from wastewater for more than 298 d.The concentration of FeS greatly affected the removal of NH_(4)^(+)/NO_(3)^(-).Additionally,a low hydraulic retention time worsened the removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)/NO_(3)^(-).When the hydraulic retention time was 12 h,the optimal removal was achieved with NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)removal percentages both above 88%,and the corresponding nitrogen removal loading rates of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)were 49.1 and 44.0 mg/(L·d),respectively.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)mainly occurred in the bottom section of the bioreactor through sulfate/ferric reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Sulfammox/Feammox),nitrification,and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)by functional microbes such as Nitrospira,Nitrosomonas,and Candidatus Kuenenia.Meanwhile,NO_(3)^(-)was mainly removed in the middle and upper sections of the bioreactor through autotrophic denitrification by Ferritrophicum,Thiobacillus,Rhodanobacter,and Pseudomonas,which possessed complete denitrification-related genes with high relative abundances.展开更多
The functional heterogeneity of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) has been comprehensively investigated by single-cell transplantation assay.However,the heterogeneity regarding their physiological contribution remains an...The functional heterogeneity of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) has been comprehensively investigated by single-cell transplantation assay.However,the heterogeneity regarding their physiological contribution remains an open question,especially for those with life-long hematopoietic fate of rigorous selfrenewing and balanced differentiation capacities.In this study,we revealed that Procr expression was detected principally in phenotypical vascular endothelium co-expressing DII4 and CD44 in the midgestation mouse embryos,and could enrich all the HSCs of the embryonic day 11.5(E11.5) aortagonad-mesonephros(AGM) region.We then used a temporally restricted genetic tracing strategy to irreversibly label the Procr-exp res sing cells at E9.5.Interestingly,most labeled mature HSCs in multiple sites(such as AGM) around E11.5 were functionally categorized as lymphomyeloid-balanced HSCs assessed by direct transplantation.Furthermore,the labeled cells contributed to an average of 7.8% of immunophenotypically defined HSCs in E14.5 fetal liver(FL) and 6.9% of leukocytes in peripheral blood(PB) during one-year follow-up.Surprisingly,in aged mice of 24 months,the embryonically tagged cells displayed constant contribution to leukocytes with no bias to myeloid or lymphoid lineages.Altogether,we demonstrated,for the first time,the existence of a subtype of physiologically long-lived balanced HSCs as hypothesized,whose precise embryonic origin and molecular identity await further characterization.展开更多
The circulatory system is indispensable for an animal’s normal physiology.In addition to well-characterized hematopoietic cells,several types of circulating non-hematopoietic cells have been identified in adult mice(...The circulatory system is indispensable for an animal’s normal physiology.In addition to well-characterized hematopoietic cells,several types of circulating non-hematopoietic cells have been identified in adult mice(Zhang and Huang,2012;Schreier and Triampo,2020).展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Guangxi Key R&D Program(No.2021AB25056)the Shenzhen Key Scientific and Technological Project(No.JSGG20191129094410446).
文摘An autotrophic denitrifying bioreactor with iron sulfide(FeS)as the electron donor was operated to remove ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))synergistically from wastewater for more than 298 d.The concentration of FeS greatly affected the removal of NH_(4)^(+)/NO_(3)^(-).Additionally,a low hydraulic retention time worsened the removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)/NO_(3)^(-).When the hydraulic retention time was 12 h,the optimal removal was achieved with NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)removal percentages both above 88%,and the corresponding nitrogen removal loading rates of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)were 49.1 and 44.0 mg/(L·d),respectively.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)mainly occurred in the bottom section of the bioreactor through sulfate/ferric reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Sulfammox/Feammox),nitrification,and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)by functional microbes such as Nitrospira,Nitrosomonas,and Candidatus Kuenenia.Meanwhile,NO_(3)^(-)was mainly removed in the middle and upper sections of the bioreactor through autotrophic denitrification by Ferritrophicum,Thiobacillus,Rhodanobacter,and Pseudomonas,which possessed complete denitrification-related genes with high relative abundances.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0103401 and 2016YFA0100601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31425012,31930054,31871173 and 81890991)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams (2017ZT07S347)
文摘The functional heterogeneity of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) has been comprehensively investigated by single-cell transplantation assay.However,the heterogeneity regarding their physiological contribution remains an open question,especially for those with life-long hematopoietic fate of rigorous selfrenewing and balanced differentiation capacities.In this study,we revealed that Procr expression was detected principally in phenotypical vascular endothelium co-expressing DII4 and CD44 in the midgestation mouse embryos,and could enrich all the HSCs of the embryonic day 11.5(E11.5) aortagonad-mesonephros(AGM) region.We then used a temporally restricted genetic tracing strategy to irreversibly label the Procr-exp res sing cells at E9.5.Interestingly,most labeled mature HSCs in multiple sites(such as AGM) around E11.5 were functionally categorized as lymphomyeloid-balanced HSCs assessed by direct transplantation.Furthermore,the labeled cells contributed to an average of 7.8% of immunophenotypically defined HSCs in E14.5 fetal liver(FL) and 6.9% of leukocytes in peripheral blood(PB) during one-year follow-up.Surprisingly,in aged mice of 24 months,the embryonically tagged cells displayed constant contribution to leukocytes with no bias to myeloid or lymphoid lineages.Altogether,we demonstrated,for the first time,the existence of a subtype of physiologically long-lived balanced HSCs as hypothesized,whose precise embryonic origin and molecular identity await further characterization.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0112400,2016YFA0100601,2017YFA0103400,2017YFA0102702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81890991,31871173,31930054,31625018,81900103,81900115)+1 种基金the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams(2017ZT07S347)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B020234002)。
文摘The circulatory system is indispensable for an animal’s normal physiology.In addition to well-characterized hematopoietic cells,several types of circulating non-hematopoietic cells have been identified in adult mice(Zhang and Huang,2012;Schreier and Triampo,2020).