The Impact of“Fintech+Financial Regulation”Matching Level on Financial Risk:Evidence from China

Preventing financial risk is an important topic that academic circles and the government have paid attention to for a long time.The development of fintech and the improvement of financial regulation will affect the level of financial risk.The relationship between the degree of matching between fintech and financial regulation and financial risk is explored,which is crucial for reducing financial risk.Panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 is used to explore the impact of fintech and financial regulatory matching levels on financial risk.The study finds that the improved matching level between fintech and financial regulation helps reduce financial risk.The degree of matching between fintech and financial regulation affects financial risk through financial efficiency.

A discrete Boltzmann model with symmetric velocity discretization for compressible flow

A discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) with symmetric velocity discretization is constructed for compressible systems with an adjustable specific heat ratio in the external force field. The proposed two-dimensional(2D) nine-velocity scheme has better spatial symmetry and numerical accuracy than the discretized velocity model in literature [Acta Aerodyn. Sin.40 98108(2022)] and owns higher computational efficiency than the one in literature [Phys. Rev. E 99 012142(2019)].In addition, the matrix inversion method is adopted to calculate the discrete equilibrium distribution function and force term, both of which satisfy nine independent kinetic moment relations. Moreover, the DBM could be used to study a few thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects beyond the Euler equations that are recovered from the kinetic model in the hydrodynamic limit via the Chapman–Enskog expansion. Finally, the present method is verified through typical numerical simulations, including the free-falling process, Sod’s shock tube, sound wave, compressible Rayleigh–Taylor instability,and translational motion of a 2D fluid system.

Compound Danshen tablets downregulate amyloid protein precursor mRNA expression in a transgenic cell model of Alzheimer's disease Effects and a comparison with donepezil

After gene mutation, the pcDNA3.1/APP595/596 plasmid was transfected into HEK293 cells to establish a cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The cell model was treated with donepezil or compound Danshen tablets after culture for 72 hours. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of amyloid protein precursor decreased in all groups following culture for 24 hours, and that there was no significant difference in the amount of decrease between donepezil and compound Danshen tablets. Our results suggest that compound Danshen tablets can reduce expression of the mRNA for amyloid protein precursor in a transgenic cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease, with similar effects to donepezil.

Deletion of an Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Element in a ZmPP2C-A Gene Facilitates Drought Tolerance of Maize Seedlings

Drought is a major abiotic stress that causes the yearly yield loss of maize, a crop cultured worldwide. Breeding drought-tolerant maize cultivars is a priority requirement of world agriculture. Clade A PP2C phosphatases （PP2C-A）, which are conserved in most plant species, play important roles in abscisic acid （ABA） signaling and plant drought response. However, natural variations of PP2C-A genes that are directly associated with drought tolerance remain to be elucidated. Here, we conducted a candidate gene association analysis of the ZmPP2C-A gene family in a maize panel consisting of 368 varieties collected worldwide, and identified a drought responsive gene ZmPP2C-AIO that is tightly associated with drought tolerance. We found that the degree of drought tolerance of maize cultivars negatively corre- lates with the expression levels of ZmPP2C-AIO. ZmPP2C-A10, like its Arabidopsis orthologs, interacts with ZmPYL ABA receptors and ZmSnRK2 kinases, suggesting that ZmPP2C-A10 is involved in mediating ABA signaling in maize. Transgenic studies in maize and Arabidopsis confirmed that ZmPP2C-A10 functions as a negative regulator of drought tolerance. Further, a causal natural variation, deletion allele-338, which bears a deletion of ERSE （endoplasmic reticulum stress response element） in the 51-UTR region of ZmPP2C-AIO, was detected. This deletion causes the loss of endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress-induced expression of ZmPP2C-AIO, leading to increased plant drought tolerance. Our study provides direct evidence linking ER stress signaling with drought tolerance and genetic resources that can be used directly in breeding drought-tolerant maize cultivars.

Enhanced Vitamin C Production Mediated by an ABA-Induced PTP-like Nucleotidase Improves Plant Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis and Maize

Abscisic acid(ABA)is a key phytohormone that mediates environmental stress responses.Vitamin C,or L-ascorbic acid(AsA),is the most abundant antioxidant protecting against stress damage in plants.How the ABA and AsA signaling pathways interact in stress responses remains elusive.In this study,we characterized the role of a previously unidentified gene,PTPN(PTP-like Nucleotidase)in plant drought tolerance.In Arabidopsis,(AtPTPN was expressed in multiple tissues and upregulated by ABA and drought treatments.Loss-of-function mutants oiAtPTPN were hyposensitive to ABA but hypersensitive to drought stresses,whereas plants with enhanced expression AtPTPN showed opposite phenotypes to.Overexpression of maize PTPN(ZmPTPN)promoted,while knockdown oiZmPTPN inhibited plant drought tolerance,indicating conserved and positive roles of PTPN in plant drought tolerance.We found that both AtPTPN and ZmPTPN release Pi by hydrolyzing GDP/GMP/dGMP/IMP/dIMP,and that AtPTPN positively regulated AsA production via endogenous Pi content control.Consistently,overexpression of VTC2,the rate-limiting synthetic enzyme in AsA biosynthesis,promoted AsA production and plant drought tolerance,and these effects were largely dependent on AtPTPN activity.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the heat shock transcription factor HSFA6a directly binds the AtPTPN promoter and activates AtPTPN expression.Genetic analyses showed that AtPTPN is required for HSFA6a to regulate ABA and drought responses.Taken together,our data indicate that PTPN-mediated crosstalk between the ABA signaling and AsA biosynthesis pathways positively controls plant drought tolerance.

Improving crop drought resistance with plant growth regulators and rhizobacteria: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives

Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses that cause crop yield loss.Improving crop yield under drought stress is a major goal of crop breeding,as it is critical to food security.The mechanism of plant drought resistance has been well studied,and diverse drought resistance genes have been identified in recent years,but transferring this knowledge from the laboratory to field production remains a significant challenge.Recently,some new strategies have become research frontiers owing to their advantages of low cost,convenience,strong field operability,and/or environmental friendliness.Exogenous plant growth regulator(PGR)treatment and microbe-based plant biotechnology have been used to effectively improve crop drought tolerance and preserve yield under drought stress.However,our understanding of the mechanisms by which PGRs regulate plant drought resistance and of plant-microbiome interactions under drought is still incomplete.In this review,we summarize these two strategies reported in recent studies,focusing on the mechanisms by which these exogenous treatments regulate crop drought resistance.Finally,future challenges and directions in crop drought resistance breeding are discussed.

Study on the Measurement of Industrial Structure “Sophistication,Rationalization and Ecologicalization” Based on the Dynamic Analysis of Grey Relations——A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is one of the regions with the most dynamic economies,highest degrees of openness,strongest innovation capacities and largest populations,as well as an important engine driving China’s economic development.Currently,the development of the BeijingTianjin-Hebei region faces many difficulties,including an inefficient distribution of regional functions,imbalance in industrial structure,low sophistication,and serious overburdening of resources and the environment.Promoting the overall coordinated development of the region has become an urgent challenge.In this paper,according to the conventions of industrial structure optimization,the three core indicators of regional industrial structure rationalization,sophistication and ecologicalization are constructed.With the help of the grey dynamic correlation model,the three indicators are coupled with the economic growth rate,and the industrial structure optimization index of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is comprehensively measured.The study shows that rationalization of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is increasing but that this trend is not obvious;sophistication of the industrial structure is relatively high and has also been operating at a high level;however,the overall ecological level of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is not high and presents the characteristics of high in the middle and low at both ends.In terms of the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,ecologicalization of the industrial structure has the greatest influence on economic growth,followed by sophistication of the industrial structure,and rationalization of the industrial structure has the weakest influence.