Analysis of the Significance of Key Points of Patient Interventional Psychological Care and Pain Care

Interventional therapy has become increasingly popular in clinical practice due to advancements in medical technology.However,patients often experience psychological and physiological pressure due to its invasive nature.The management of patient discomfort and tension is crucial to ensure effective treatment.Psychological and pain management are essential components of interventional therapy,as they significantly impact patient recovery and prognosis.This article discussed the importance of interventional psychological and pain care for patients,starting with the development and spread of interventional therapy.The significance of providing high-quality nursing services to patients and improving their quality of life was also discussed.

压缩学时背景下无机化学教学改革

在无机化学教学学时压缩的背景下,综合考虑我国中学化学课程改革及目前无机化学教学所面临的问题,适度调整、拓宽和深化无机化学教学内容,并基于OBE理念,采用"模块化"教学、"分层化"教学及"专题研讨式"教学,培养学生自主学习能力、解决实际问题的能力以及创新能力,形成"知识-能力"一体化的教育理念。

双缺陷工程RuO_(2)/D-Co_(3)O_(4)/CC复合材料作为引发酸性介质中氧析出反应的高效电催化剂

缺陷工程被认为是提高催化剂性能的有效方法,因为它能使催化剂具有丰富的活性位点和合适的结合能,从而提高催化性能.本文采用简单的电沉积和酸蚀刻方法制备了双缺陷工程RuO_(2)/D-Co_(3)O_(4)/CC(低Ru负载2.42 wt%)复合材料,用于增强酸性介质中的氧析出反应(OER).所制备的RuO_(2)/D-Co_(3)O_(4)/CC催化剂采用物理化学技术进行了深入表征,结果表明催化剂中存在明显的阴离子和阳离子缺陷.实验研究表明具有双重缺陷的优化RuO_(2)/D-Co_(3)O_(4)/CC催化剂暴露了更多的电化学活性位点,有效降低了催化反应对电解质中质子浓度的依赖性,从而触发了高性能的OER.只需要181 mV的过电位就能驱动10 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度,并能在此电流密度下保持连续电解120 h.RuO_(2)/D-Co_(3)O_(4)/CC是一种很有前途的酸性OER电催化剂.

Press-pack IGBTs for HVDC and FACTS

The popularity of insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBTs)for use in high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission and flexible AC transmission systems(FACTS)is increasing.Unfortunately,for these applications wire-bond IGBT technology has a number of shortcomings,such as insufficient current ratings for the most powerful schemes,and inability to fail to short-circuit.Press-pack IGBT technology,conversely,offers increased current ratings,and an inherent short-circuit failure mode,making it a more attractive choice for HVDC and FACTS.However,the design and manufacture of these devices requires a comprehensive understanding of the unique technical challenges,which differ markedly from those for wirebond modules or traditional pressure contact devices.Specific challenges include providing a high degree of mechanical protection for the IGBT chip against normal operating stresses.Furthermore,it is essential to achieve uniform contact pressure across each chip surface to ensure optimum performance.To achieve this,manufacturers have designed products that use rigid copper electrodes manufactured to tighter tolerances than for other pressure contact devices,such as thyristors,and products that use compliant electrodes,incorporating spring assemblies.Dynex is in the advanced stages of development of press-pack IGBT technology with demonstrated robust solutions for the technical challenges outlined in this paper.Design success has been achieved through the use of state-of-the-art simulations in conjunction with a long history of manufacturing expertise for bipolar and IGBT products.Finally,multiple press-pack IGBT variants are currently undergoing evaluation tests prior to product release.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of ultrafine Au nanoparticles immobilized on MOF-199 in high loading as efficient catalysts for a three-component coupling reaction

极其细小的金属 nanoparticles (MNP ) 和金属器官的框架(MOF ) 的控制集成由于他们的唯一的物理、化学的性质引起了许多注意。然而，为在 MOF 以内准备极其细小的 MNP 的一步舞策略的发展仍然是大挑战。此处，向上述的 composites 的一条灵巧的合成途径被开发。与常规途径相对照，这些混血儿被在微波照耀帮助的反应答案的金属和 MOF 先锋的直接混合准备。给人深刻印象地，与一致地分布式的极其细小的 Au nanoparticles 合成的 Au/MOF-199 能在仅仅二分钟被制作，并且装载的 Au 能被增加直到 5.13% 的水平。多功能的 Au/MOF-199 催化剂在甲醛， phenylacetylene，和哌啶的三部件的联合反应展出了高周转数字(吨) 和周转频率(TOF )(3-coupling) 。由于 MOF-199 的监禁效果，没有活动的严肃的损失， 5.13%Au/MOF-199 催化剂能为五跑被再循环，没有检测的 Au NP 的明显的聚集。

Morphology-selective synthesis of active and durable gold catalysts with high catalytic performance in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol

由 nanosized Au 粒子组成的一系列新奇催化剂与血小板(PL ) 在 micro-mesoporous ZSM-5/SBA-15 (ZSBA ) 材料限制了，杆(RD ) ，并且六角形棱柱(HP ) 形态学在 situ 被综合了。这些催化剂拥有 SBA-15 和 ZSM-5 结构并且在 ZSBA 以内由 Au nanoparticles (NP ) 的监禁展出他们的活跃地点的优秀稳定性。催化剂深入地被描绘了理解他们的结构性质关系。金 NP 尺寸和催化剂的毛孔结构，被发现对锻烧温度和合成条件敏感，被显示在 4-nitrophenol 的减小起重要作用。与短 mesochannels (210 nm ) 和一条大毛孔直径(6.7 nm ) ，而与长 mesochannels 和相对更小的毛孔尺寸， Au/ZSBA-HP 和 Au/ZSBA-RD 给穷人看催化活动， Au/ZSBA-PL 在 4-nitrophenol 的减小展出高催化的性能。在有不同金 NP 尺寸的催化剂的情况中，有 4.0 nm 的一条 Au NP 直径的 Au/ZSBA-PL-350 展出最高的反应率常数(0.14 min -1) 和周转频率(0.0341 s -1) 。另外， 4-nitrophenol 的减小上的反应参数的效果系统地被调查了。为在 Au/ZSBA 催化剂上的 4-nitrophenol 减小的可能的机制被建议。

Cobalt doped Fe-Mn@CNTs catalysts with highly stability for lowtemperature selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)

In this paper,we report the fabrication of cobalt-doped de-NO_(x)catalyst by pyrolyzing an analogous metal-organic framework-74(MOF-74)containing Fe&Mn.The resulted catalyst exhibits distinctive microstructures of manganese,cobalt,and iron immobilized on N-doped carbon nanotubes(CNTs).It is found through experiments that the trimetallic catalyst Fe_(2)Mn_(1)Co_(0.5)/CNTs-50 has the best NH_(3)-selective catalytic reduction(SCR)performance.The Fe_(2)Mn_(1)Co_(0.5)/CNTs-50 exhibited excellent water and sulfur resistance and good stability under the harsh gas environment of 250℃ and/or 170℃,NO=NH_(3)=1,000 ppm,8 vol.%O_(2),20 vol.%H2O,1,000 ppm SO_(2),and gas hourly space velocity(GHSV)=75,000 h^(-1).The de-NO_(x)conversion was maintained about 55%and 25%after 192 h.The water and sulfur resistance performance were much higher than commercial vanadium series catalyst.The highly water and sulfur resistance performance may be attributed to the unique core-shell microstructure and the synergistic effect of manganese,cobalt,and iron which helps reduce the formation for byproducts(NH_(4)HSO_(4)).This study may promote to explore the development of a high stability catalyst for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3).

Phosphorus-doping-tuned PtNi concave nanocubes with high-index facets for enhanced methanol oxidation reaction

Surface engineering has been found to be an efficient strategy to boost the catalytic performance of noble-metal-based nanocatalysts.In this work,a small amount of P was doped to the surface of PtNi concave cube(P-PtNi CNC).Interestingly,the P-PtNi CNC nanocatalyst shows an enhanced methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)performance with achieving 8.19 times of specific activity than that of comercial Pt/C.The electrochemical in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results reveal that the surface P doping promotes the adsorption energy of OH,enhancing the resistance against CO poisoning.Therefore,the intermediate adsorbed CO(COads)reacted with adsorbed OH(OHads)through the Langmuir–Hinshelwood(LH)mechanism to generate CO_(2)and release surface active sites for further adsorption.This work provides a promising strategy via the incorporation of non-metallic elements into the PtNi alloys bounded with high-index facets(HIFs)as efficient fuel cell catalysts.

Impact of design and process variation on the fabrication of SiC diodes

We have studied the influence of design and process variations on the electrical performance of SiC Schottky diodes. On the design side, two design variations are used in the active cell of the diode(segment design and stripe design). In addition, there are two more design variations employed for the edge termination layout of the diodes, namely, field limiting ring(FLR) and junction termination extension(JTE). On the process side, some diodes have gone through an N_2 O annealing step. The segment design resulted in a lower forward voltage drop(VF) in the diodes and the FLR design turned out to be a better choice for blocking voltages, in the reverse bias.Also, N_2 O annealing has shown a detrimental effect on the diodes' blocking performance, which have JTE as their termination design. It degrades the blocking capability of the diodes significantly.

Mn-doping induced electronic modulation and rich oxygen vacancies on vertically grown NiFe2O4 nanosheet array for synergistically triggering oxygen evolution reaction

Large-scale electrolysis of water to produce high-purity hydrogen is one of the effective ways to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems.However,efficient,cheap and stable catalysts are one of the bottlenecks for industrial application in water splitting.Herein,a facile one-step hydrothermal process was applied to fabricate Mn-doped nickel ferrite nanosheets(Mn-NiFe_(2)O_(4))which shown a low overpotential of 200 mV at 50 mA·cm^(-2)and a small Tafel slope of 47 mV·dec^(-1),together with a prominent turnover frequency(TOF)value(0.14 s^(-1))and robust stability.The in-situ UV-vis spectroscopy unveiled the surface reconstruction to generate NiOOH as active sites during oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The excellent electrocatalytic activity of Mn-NiFe_(2)O_(4)is attributed to the vertically grown nanosheets for exposure more active sites,rich oxygen vacancies,and the hybridization between Ni 3d and O 2p orbitals caused by Mn doping.This work should provide a facile strategy by Mn-doping to simultaneously engineer oxygen vacancies and electronic structure for synergistically triggering oxygen evolution reaction.

Interfacial synergistic effect in SnO_(2)/PtNi nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets for high-efficiency ethylene glycol electrooxidation

Strengthening the oxide-metal interfacial synergistic interaction in nanocatalysts is identified as potential strategy to boost intrinsic activities and the availability of active sites by regulating the surface/interface environment of catalysts.Herein,the SnO_(2)/PtNi concave nanocubes(CNCs)enclosed by high-index facets(HIFs)with tunable SnO_(2)composition are successfully fabricated through combining the hydrothermal and self-assembly method.The interfacial interaction between ultrafine SnO_(2)nanoparticles and PtNi with HIFs surface structure is characterized by analytical techniques.The as-prepared 0.20%SnO_(2)/PtNi catalyst exhibits extraordinarily high catalytic performance for ethylene glycol electrooxidation(EGOR)in acidic conditions with specific activity of 3.06 mA/cm^(2),which represents 6.2-fold enhancement compared with the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst.Additionally,the kinetic study demonstrates that the strong interfacial interaction between SnO_(2)and PtNi not only degrades the activation energy barrier during the process of EGOR but also enhances the CO-resistance ability and long-term stability.This study provides a novel perspective to construct highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for energy conversions.

PtNiCu nanowires with advantageous lattice-plane boundary for enhanced ethanol electrooxidation

It is generally accepted that the interface effect and surface electronic structure of catalysts have vital impact on catalytic properties.Understanding and tailoring the atomic arrangement of interface structure are of great importance for electrocatalysis.Herein,we proposed a simple method to synthesize etching-PtNiCu nanowires(e-PtNiCu NWs)enclosed by both(110)and(100)facets evolving from PtNiCu nanowires(PtNiCu NWs)mainly with(111)facets by selectively etching process.After acetic acid etching treatment,the e-PtNiCu NWs possess high total proportions(88.3%)of(110)and(100)facets,whereas the(111)facet is dominant in PtNiCu NWs(64%)by qualitatively and quantitatively evaluation.Combining the structure characterizations and performance tests of ethanol electrooxidation reaction(EOR),we find that the e-PtNiCu NWs display remarkably performance for EOR,which is nearly 4.5 times and 1.5 times enhancement compared with the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst,as well as 2.2 and 1.4 times of PtNiCu NWs,in specific activity and mass activity,respectively.The improved performance of e-PtNiCu NWs is attributed to synergistic catalytic effect between(110)and(100)facets that not only significantly decreases the onset potentials of adsorbed CO(CO_(ads))but also favors the oxidation of CO_(ads)on the surface of catalyst.Furthermore,thermodynamics and kinetic studies indicate that the synergistic effect of both(110)and(100)facets in e-PtNiCu NWs can decrease the activation energy barrier and facilitate the charge transfer during the reaction.This work provides a promising approach to construct catalysts with tunable surface electronic structure towards efficient electrocatalysis.

Highly stable Pt_(3)Ni ultralong nanowires tailored with trace Mo for the ethanol oxidation

Pt_(3)Ni alloy structure is an effective strategy to accelerate ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR),while the stability in acid electrolyte is the fatal weakness and the current density still needs to be enhanced.Herein,ultralong Pt_(3)Ni nanowires tailored by trace Mo(Mo/Pt_(3)Ni NWs)were successfully synthesized by surfactant free method.The specific activity of the optimized catalyst was 2.66 mA·cm^(-2),which is approximately 2.16 and 4.6-fold that of Pt_(3)Ni NWs and commercial Pt/C catalyst,respectively.Most importantly,the Mo/Pt_(3)Ni NWs catalyst showed negligible structure degradation after 3,000 cycles(42 h)of durability test in 0.1 M HClO4 and 0.5 M ethanol,as compared to severe structural collapse and Ni dissolution for the pure Pt_(3)Ni NWs.The density functional theory(DFT)calculation also confirmed that both the surface and subsurface Mo atom could form Pt-Mo and Ni-Mo bonds with Pt and Ni,which were stronger than Pt-Ni bonds,to pin the Ni atoms in the unstable position and suppress the dissolution of surface Ni.The findings of this study indicate a promising pathway for the design and engineering of durable alloy nanocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cell applications.