A multiplexed circulating tumor DNA detection platform engineered from 3D-coded interlocked DNA rings

Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is a critical biomarker not only important for the early detection of tumors but also invaluable for personalized treatments.Currently ctDNA detection relies on sequencing.Here,a platform termed three-dimensional-coded interlocked DNA rings(3D-coded ID rings)was created for multiplexed ctDNA identification.The ID rings provide a ctDNA recognition ring that is physically interlocked with a reporter ring.The specific binding of ctDNA to the recognition ring initiates target-responsive cutting via a restriction endonuclease;the cutting then triggers rolling circle amplification on the reporter ring.The signals are further integrated with internal 3D codes for multiplexed readouts.ctDNAs from non-invasive clinical specimens including plasma,feces,and urine were detected and validated at a sensitivity much higher than those obtained through sequencing.This 3D-coded ID ring platform can detect any multiple DNA fragments simultaneously without sequencing.We envision that our platform will facilitate the implementation of future personalized/precision medicine.

Polyaniline spaced MoS_(2)nanosheets with increased interlayer distances for constructing high-rate dual-ion batteries

Dual-ion batteries(DIBs)have attracted great attention due to their affordable prices,environmentalfriendliness,and high operating voltage.However,the conventional graphite anode in DIBs has draw-backs such as unsatisfactory capacity and worrying safety.MoS_(2)is considered to be a competitive anodematerial that exhibits large capacity due to its unique layered structure for cation insertion/extraction.Nevertheless,the sluggish reaction kinetics of MoS_(2)does not match the cathode side,which makes theconstructed full DIBs show poor rate ability.Here,a flower-like MoS_(2)/polyaniline composite electrode(MoS_(2)-PANI)where PANI was grown in situ between layers of MoS_(2)nanosheets was designed.In thisdesign,the inserted PANI can broaden the layer distance of MoS_(2)to facilitate cation diffusion and pre-vent the restacking of nanosheets.Furthermore,PANI is also expected to increase the conductivity andrelieve the volume changes during repeated charge/discharge cycles.Benefiting from that,the MoS_(2)-PANIelectrode delivered a reversible capacity of 561.91 mA h g^(-1) at 5 A g^(-1) in half-cell test.Moreover,whencoupled with a mildly expanded graphite(MEG)cathode,the obtained MEG//MoS_(2)-PANI DIB shows ex-cellent rate ability with a reversible discharge capacity of 86.62 mA h g^(-1) and a desirable energy densityof 308.83 W h kg-1 at 20 C.These results provide some inspiration for the design of high-rate DIBs.