Spatially resolved expression landscape and generegulatory network of human gastric corpus epithelium

Molecular knowledge of human gastric corpus epithelium remains incomplete.Here,by integrated analyses using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),spatial transcriptomics,and single-cell assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing(scATAC-seq)techniques,we uncovered the spatially resolved expression landscape and gene-regulatory network of human gastric corpus epithelium.Specifically,we identified a stem/progenitor cell population in the isthmus of human gastric corpus,where EGF and WNT signaling pathways were activated.Meanwhile,LGR4,but not LGR5,was responsible for the activation of WNT signaling pathway.Importantly,FABP5 and NME1 were identified and validated as crucial for both normal gastric stem/progenitor cells and gastric cancer cells.Finally,we explored the epigenetic regulation of critical genes for gastric corpus epithelium at chromatin state level,and identified several important cell-type-specific transcription factors.In summary,our work provides novel insights to systematically understand the cellular diversity and homeostasis of human gastric corpus epithelium in vivo.

Peli棱镜改善同向偏盲患者避障能力效果分析

目的:分析Peli棱镜在偏盲患者中的临床应用情况、避障效果及相关影响因素,为临床验配和康复教育提供参考。方法:回顾性调查研究。采用判断抽样的方法连续纳入2020年12月至2022年6月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院视觉康复和低视力中心就诊的同向偏盲患者19例,结合电话回访,收集并分析患者Peli棱镜临床验配情况、棱镜使用情况、满意度评分及弃用的原因。结果:19例同向偏盲患者中Peli棱镜的临床接受人数为13例,年龄20~79岁,其中男9例,女4例,以原发疾病脑卒中(4例)和动静脉畸形术后(3例)为主;6例拒绝棱镜的患者中,男4例,女2例,年龄65~80岁,原发疾病均为脑卒中。13例接受棱镜的患者在行走时均能获益,戴镜半年后评分满意人数6例,临床成功人数为4例,其中9例患者弃用原因以视混淆适应困难(7/9)和自觉视野范围无扩大或范围扩大不足(6/9)为主。结论:偏盲患者Peli棱镜的临床接受率为13/19,戴镜半年临床成功率为4/13。通过Peli棱镜的辅助使用,偏盲患者在移动的场景下能提升躲避障碍能力。老年脑卒中患者、缺乏配戴适应性训练是可能影响临床接受率或临床成功率的因素。

Comparative study on heat extraction performance of three enhanced geothermal systems

Enhanced geothermal systems(EGSs)in this study are classified as fracturing-EGS(F-EGS),pipe-EGS(P-EGS)and excavation-EGS(E-EGS)according to reservoir stimulation strategies.However,the heat extraction performances of three EGSs employing different stimulation strategies are not fully understood.Here,we define the region where the pore pressure increment calculated by a hydraulic fracturing process is higher than rock tensile strength as the stimulation region for establishing a more accurate F-EGS model,and then compare three geothermal systems to select a appropriate reservoir stimulation strategy.We find that the F-EGS model assuming an entire stimulated region significantly exaggerates the heat extraction results.The optimal conditions for P-EGS are low injection rates and short operation times,which is suiTablefor seasonal heating or multi-energy co-generation projects including a thermal recovery phase.Theoretically,E-EGS has better geothermal extraction performance than F-EGS based on existing model assumptions,but its construction feasibility and economics need further exploration.H2O is more suiTableas a heat exchange fluid in E-EGS than supercritical CO_(2).This study provides a reference for geothermal mining simulation and reservoir stimulation strategy selection.

Progress and Challenges for Live-cell Imaging of Genomic Loci Using CRISPR-based Platforms

Chromatin conformation,localization,and dynamics are crucial regulators of cellular behaviors. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization-based techniques have been widely utilized for investigating chromatin architectures in healthy and diseased states,the requirement for cell fix-ation precludes the comprehensive dynamic analysis necessary to fully understand chromatin activ-ities. This has spurred the development and application of a variety of imaging methodologies for visualizing single chromosomal loci in the native cellular context. In this review,we describe currently-available approaches for imaging single genomic loci in cells,with special focus on clus-tered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based imaging approaches. In addition,we discuss some of the challenges that limit the application of CRISPR-based genomic imaging approaches,and potential solutions to address these challenges. We anticipate that,with continued refinement of CRISPR-based imaging techniques,significant understanding can be gained to help decipher chromatin activities and their relevance to cellular physiology and pathogenesis.

Comorbid Chronic Diseases and Acute Organ Injuries Are Strongly Correlated with Disease Severity and Mortality among COVID-19 Patients: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has been rapidly spreading on a global scale.To date,there is no specific vaccine against the causative virus,SARS-CoV-2,nor is there an effective medicine for treating COVID-19,thus raising concerns with respect to the effect of risk factors such as clinical course and pathophysiological parameters on disease severity and outcome in patients with COVID-19.By extracting and analyzing all available published clinical data,we identified several major clinical characteristics associated with increased disease severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19.Specifically,preexisting chronic conditions such as hypertension,cardiovascular disease,chronic kidney disease,and diabetes are strongly associated with an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19;surprisingly,however,we found no correlation between chronic liver disease and increased disease severity.In addition,we found that both acute cardiac injury and acute kidney injury are highly correlated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related mortality.Given the high risk of comorbidity and the high mortality rate associated with tissue damage,organ function should be monitored closely in patients diagnosed with COVID-19,and this approach should be included when establishing new guidelines for managing these high-risk patients.Moreover,additional clinical data are needed in order to determine whether a supportive therapy can help mitigate the development of severe,potentially fatal complications,and further studies are needed to identify the pathophysiology and the mechanism underlying this novel coronavirus-associated infectious disease.Taken together,these findings provide new insights regarding clinical strategies for improving the management and outcome of patients with COVID-19.

Engineering Novel Molecular Beacon Constructs to Study Intracellular RNA Dynamics and Localization

With numerous advancements in novel biochemical techniques, our knowledge of the role of RNAs in the regulation of cellular physiology and pathology has grown significantly over the past several decades. Nevertheless, detailed information regarding RNA processing, trafficking, and localization in living cells has been lacking due to technical limitations in imaging single RNA transcripts in living cells with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this review, we discuss tech- niques that have shown great promise for single RNA imaging, followed by highlights in our recent work in the development of molecular beacons （MBs）, a class of nanoscale oligonucleotide-probes, for detecting individual RNA transcripts in living cells. With further refinement of MB design and development of more sophisticated fluorescence microscopy techniques, we envision that MB-based approaches could promote new discoveries of RNA functions and activities.

2-Aminopyridine functionalized cellulose based Pd nanoparticles： An efficient and ecofriendly catalyst for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction

A palladium catalyst supported on 2-amino- pyridine functionalized cellulose was synthesized and fully characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravi- metric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. This catalyst can be applied in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with arylboronic acids in 50% ethanol to afford biaryls in good yields, and easily recycled by simple filtration after reaction without the loss of metal Pd.

基于OCT观察正视眼及高度近视眼在调节过程中眼前节的形态学变化

目的:利用扫频光源眼前节光学相干断层扫描(SS-ASOCT)研究硝酸毛果芸香碱滴眼液刺激睫状肌收缩前后小梁网和Schlemm管的形态变化。方法:横断面研究。连续性纳入2022年4月至2023年6月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院招募的54名健康受检者,以等效球镜度数(SE)为-0.75~+0.50 D和SE≤-6.00 D为界分为正视组与高度近视组。在应用硝酸毛果芸香碱滴眼液刺激调节前后,利用SS-ASOCT拍摄受检者右眼颞侧小梁网、睫状肌及Schlemm管的图像,通过自行编写的软件分析获取睫状肌最大厚度及睫状肌前部长度、小梁网长度和厚度、Schlemm管面积及直径等参数。采用配对t检验、卡方检验、独立t检验、Pearson相关分析对相关数据进行分析。结果:在调节前后,2组受检者均发生睫状肌最大厚度增加、睫状肌前部长度减小、小梁网长度和宽度增加及Schlemm管面积和直径增大的改变(均P<0.05)。正视组和高度近视组的睫状肌最大厚度变化量(t=4.85,P<0.001)、小梁网长度变化量(t=5.08,P<0.001)、小梁网宽度变化量(t=2.72,P=0.009)、Schlemm管面积变化量(t=3.86,P<0.001)及Schlemm管直径变化量(t=2.02,P=0.049)比较差异均有统计学意义。小梁网长度和Schlemm管面积与睫状肌最大厚度在正视组中均存在相关性(r=0.48,P=0.011;r=0.54,P=0.004),但在高度近视眼中均无相关性。结论:硝酸毛果芸香碱滴眼液诱导的调节过程中,正视眼和高度近视眼均发生睫状肌收缩、小梁网和Schlemm管扩张的形态改变。睫状肌的收缩与小梁网和Schlemm管形态改变的相关性仅在正视眼中存在差异有统计学意义。