Historically,yarn-dyed plaid fabrics(YDPFs)have enjoyed enduring popularity with many rich plaid patterns,but production data are still classified and searched only according to production parameters.The process does ...Historically,yarn-dyed plaid fabrics(YDPFs)have enjoyed enduring popularity with many rich plaid patterns,but production data are still classified and searched only according to production parameters.The process does not satisfy the visual needs of sample order production,fabric design,and stock management.This study produced an image dataset for YDPFs,collected from 10,661 fabric samples.The authors believe that the dataset will have significant utility in further research into YDPFs.Convolutional neural networks,such as VGG,ResNet,and DenseNet,with different hyperparameter groups,seemed themost promising tools for the study.This paper reports on the authors’exhaustive evaluation of the YDPF dataset.With an overall accuracy of 88.78%,CNNs proved to be effective in YDPF image classification.This was true even for the low accuracy of Windowpane fabrics,which often mistakenly includes the Prince ofWales pattern.Image classification of traditional patterns is also improved by utilizing the strip pooling model to extract local detail features and horizontal and vertical directions.The strip pooling model characterizes the horizontal and vertical crisscross patterns of YDPFs with considerable success.The proposed method using the strip pooling model(SPM)improves the classification performance on the YDPF dataset by 2.64%for ResNet18,by 3.66%for VGG16,and by 3.54%for DenseNet121.The results reveal that the SPM significantly improves YDPF classification accuracy and reduces the error rate of Windowpane patterns as well.展开更多
Polyamines have been discovered for hundreds of years and once considered as a class of phytohormones.Polyamines play critical roles in a range of developmental processes.However,the molecular mechanisms of polyamine ...Polyamines have been discovered for hundreds of years and once considered as a class of phytohormones.Polyamines play critical roles in a range of developmental processes.However,the molecular mechanisms of polyamine signaling pathways remain poorly understood.Here,we measured the contents of main types of polyamines,and found that endogenous level of thermospermine(T-Spm)in Arabidopsis thaliana is comparable to those of classic phytohormones and is significantly lower than those of putrescine(Put),spermidine(Spd),and spermine(Spm).We further found a nodule-like structure around the junction area connecting the shoot and root of the T-Spm biosynthetic mutant acl5 and obtained more than 50 suppressors of acl5 nodule structure(san)through suppressor screening.An in-depth study of two san suppressors revealed that NAP57 and NOP56,core components of box H/ACA and C/D snoRNPs,were essential for T-Spm-mediated nodule-like structure formation and plant height.Furthermore,analyses of rRNA modifications showed that the overall levels of pseudouridylation and 2′-O-methylation were compromised in san1 and san2 respectively.Taken together,these results establish a strong genetic relationship between rRNA modification and T-Spm-mediated growth and development,which was previously undiscovered in all organisms.展开更多
Lacking self-repair abilities,injuries to articular cartilage can lead to cartilage degeneration and ultimately result in osteoarthritis.Tissue engineering based on functional bioactive scaffolds are emerging as promi...Lacking self-repair abilities,injuries to articular cartilage can lead to cartilage degeneration and ultimately result in osteoarthritis.Tissue engineering based on functional bioactive scaffolds are emerging as promising approaches for articular cartilage regeneration and repair.Although the use of cell-laden scaffolds prior to implantation can regenerate and repair cartilage lesions to some extent,these approaches are still restricted by limited cell sources,excessive costs,risks of disease transmission and complex manufacturing practices.Acellular approaches through the recruitment of endogenous cells offer great promise for in situ articular cartilage regeneration.In this study,we propose an endogenous stem cell recruitment strategy for cartilage repair.Based on an injectable,adhesive and self-healable o-alg-THAM/gel hydrogel system as scaffolds and a biophysio-enhanced bioactive microspheres engineered based on hBMSCs secretion during chondrogenic differentiation as bioactive supplement,the as proposed functional material effectively and specifically recruit endogenous stem cells for cartilage repair,providing new insights into in situ articular cartilage regeneration.展开更多
Microbial electrosynthesis(MES)enables the bioproduction of multicarbon compounds from CO_(2)using electricity as the driver.Although high salinity can improve the energetic performance of bioelectrochemical systems,a...Microbial electrosynthesis(MES)enables the bioproduction of multicarbon compounds from CO_(2)using electricity as the driver.Although high salinity can improve the energetic performance of bioelectrochemical systems,acetogenic processes under elevated salinity are poorly known.Here MES under 35e60 g L^(-1)salinity was evaluated.Acetate production in two-chamber MES systems at 35 g L^(-1)salinity(seawater composition)gradually decreased within 60 days,both under-1.2 V cathode potential(vs.Ag/AgCl)and^(-1).56 A m^(-2)reductive current.Carbonate precipitation on cathodes(mostly CaCO3)likely declined the production through inhibiting CO_(2)supply,the direct electrode contact for acetogens and H2 production.Upon decreasing Ca2t and Mg2t levels in three-chamber reactors,acetate was stably produced over 137 days along with a low cathode apparent resistance at 1.9±0.6 mU m^(2)and an average production rate at 3.80±0.21 g m^(-2)d^(-1).Increasing the salinity step-wise from 35 to 60 g L^(-1)gave the most efficient acetate production at 40 g L^(-1)salinity with average rates of acetate production and CO_(2)consumption at 4.56±3.09 and 7.02±4.75 g m^(-2)d^(-1),respectively.The instantaneous coulombic efficiency for VFA averaged 55.1±31.4%.Acetate production dropped at higher salinity likely due to the inhibited CO_(2)dissolution and acetogenic metabolism.Acetobacterium up to 78%was enriched on cathodes as the main acetogen at 35 g L^(-1).Under high-salinity selection,96.5%Acetobacterium dominated on the cathode along with 34.0%Sphaerochaeta in catholyte.This research provides a first proof of concept that MES starting from CO_(2)reduction can be achieved at elevated salinity.展开更多
Currently, the primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery.1 In the case of advanced HCC that may not be removed surgically, additional issues, such as drug resis...Currently, the primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery.1 In the case of advanced HCC that may not be removed surgically, additional issues, such as drug resistance and drug inefficacy with long-term use of chemotherapeutic drugs, highlight the pressing need for new treatment strategies.2 Autophagy plays an essential role in cellular physiology, which was reported to modulate components of the immune system.3 Autophagy-related immune genes (ARIGs) are linked to both autophagy and immunity. Here we identified histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), an ARIG strongly expressed in HCC, as a therapeutic target.4 Then valproic acid (VPA), a specific inhibitor of HDAC1,5 was used to treat liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that VPA could significantly induce autophagy and apoptosis of Hepa1-6 cells and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. This effect could be related to the regulation of autophagy and tumor immune microenvironment by VPA.展开更多
(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2O3 nanopowders doped with various concentrations of Tm^3+ and Ho^3+ were prepared by the citrate method. The standard cubic Y2O3 phase can be matched in the Tm^3+/Ho^3+ co-doped(Y0.87La0.1Zr0...(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2O3 nanopowders doped with various concentrations of Tm^3+ and Ho^3+ were prepared by the citrate method. The standard cubic Y2O3 phase can be matched in the Tm^3+/Ho^3+ co-doped(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2 O3 nanopowders. The nanopowders exhibit average particle sizes of 40,60, 80 and 100 nm after calcinated at 900,1000,1100 and 1200℃,respectively. The energy transfer from Tm^3+ to Ho^3+ and the optimum fluorescence emission around 2 μm were investigated. Results indicate that the emission bands at around 1.86 and 1.95 μm correspond to 3 F4→3 H6 transition of Tm^3+ and 5 I7→5 I8 transition of Ho^3+, respectively.Better spectral properties were achieved in Tm^3+/Ho^3+ co-doped(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2O3 nanopowders with the average size of 100 nm obtained at the conditions of the treatment of precursors calcinated at 1200 ℃ for 2 h doped with 1.5 mol% Tm^3+ and 1 mol% Ho^3+.展开更多
The controllable transformation of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum to calcium sulfate hemihydrate(HH)whiskers under facile,readily monitored,and cost-effective hydrothermal conditions could play a vital role in th...The controllable transformation of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum to calcium sulfate hemihydrate(HH)whiskers under facile,readily monitored,and cost-effective hydrothermal conditions could play a vital role in the preparation of high quality HH whiskers and improve our understanding of the transformation process.This work assessed the conversion of FGD gypsum to HH whiskers in 5×10^(-4)mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)and 1.5 wt%CuCl_(2)at 120℃while determining the effects of temperature as well as H_(2)SO_(4)and CuCl_(2)concentrations on transformation kinetics.The preparation of HH whiskers was found to involve a solution-mediated transformation from the dihydrate(DH)to theα-HH.This transition was determined to proceed via a dissolution crystallization mechanism,the rate of which was controlled by nucleation and growth of the HH whiskers.An autocatalytic kinetic model was established based on variations in the HH whiskers mole fraction over time,and this model accurately fit the experimental data with R2=0.990.Increasing the temperature or H_(2)SO_(4)concentration accelerated the transformation by modifying the super-saturation and water activity in the reaction solution,while increasing the CuCl_(2)concentration had the opposite effect.The hydrothermal conditions had an important effect on the transformation from FGD gypsum to HH whiskers.展开更多
Hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers(HH-CSWs)were hydrothermally synthesized in a sulfuric acid solution at 120℃ for different holding times(20,40,and 60 min).The phase structures and morphologies were characterized ...Hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers(HH-CSWs)were hydrothermally synthesized in a sulfuric acid solution at 120℃ for different holding times(20,40,and 60 min).The phase structures and morphologies were characterized by XRD and SEM,respectively.The XRD pattern of the sample under 60 min was refined via the Rietveld fitting method.The structure models of the HH-CSW sample under a 60-min holding time was established based on Rietveld fitting results.No difference in the positions of diffraction peaks was determined.The as-prepared holding time increased the intensity and aspect ratio of the diffraction peaks of both samples.In the prepared HH-CSW structure,Ca-O polyhedron is a 12-sided polyhedron similar to that in the gypsum structure;the Ca atom is located in two positions in the one-unit cell;the H_(2)O channel along the c-axis similar is O-shaped and bigger than that in hexagonal and monoclinic CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O structures.Therefore,although the prepared HH-CSW crystals’structure are similar to that of the reported hexagonal and monoclinic CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O structures,they are not the same.The formation mechanism of HH-CSW from flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum is discussed based on the analysis of gypsum structure.展开更多
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer and leading causes of death in women in the United States and Worldwide.About 90%of breast cancers belong to ER+or HER2+subtypes and are driven by key breast cancer genes...Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer and leading causes of death in women in the United States and Worldwide.About 90%of breast cancers belong to ER+or HER2+subtypes and are driven by key breast cancer genes Estrogen Receptor and HER2,respectively.Despite the advances in anti-estrogen(endocrine)and anti-HER2 therapies for the treatment of these breast cancer subtypes,unwanted side effects,frequent recurrence and resistance to these treatments remain major clinical challenges.Recent studies have identified ER coactivator MED1 as a key mediator of ER functions and anti-estrogen treatment resistance.Interestingly,MED1 is also coamplified with HER2 and activated by the HER2 signaling cascade,and plays critical roles in HER2-mediated tumorigenesis and response to anti-HER2 treatment as well.Thus,MED1 represents a novel crosstalk point of the HER2 and ER pathways and a highly promising new therapeutic target for ER+and HER2+breast cancer treatment.In this review,we will discuss the recent progress on the role of this key ER/HER2 downstream effector MED1 in breast cancer therapy resistance and our development of an innovative RNA nanotechnology-based approach to target MED1 for potential future breast cancer therapy to overcome treatment resistance.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to analyze the dosimetric parameters of volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT) and dynamic multileaf collimator(DMLC) plans with lumbosacral spine(LS) and pelvic bone marrow(PBM) sparing in ...Objective This study aimed to analyze the dosimetric parameters of volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT) and dynamic multileaf collimator(DMLC) plans with lumbosacral spine(LS) and pelvic bone marrow(PBM) sparing in the flattening filter-free(FFF) model.Methods Thirty patients with cervical cancer were selected for analysis.For each patient,four plans with different strategies were generated:VMAT_FF,VMAT_FFF,DMLC_FF,and DMLC_FFF.Dose volumes for organs at risk,conformity index,heterogeneity index(HI),and total number of machine unit(MU) were compared by paired t-test.Result Compared with plans in the FF model,the irradiated dose to LS significantly decreased both VMAT_FFF and DMLC_FFF plans in the FFF model while the MU increased.The mean dose of LS decreased by 107.2 cGy(P<0.05) in the VMAT_FFF plan.In comparison with the VMAT plans in both models of FF and FFF,the DMLC plans reduced the dose volume of 10 Gy by 5.9%(P<0.05),and the mean dose of LS was 189.6-293.1 cGy.The PBM volume receiving 40 Gy showed a decrease of 0.5%-1.1%(P<0.05) as well.The HI increased in the VMAT plans by approximately 0.053 and 0.039.Conclusion The DMLC plans exhibited the best sparing of the PBM and LS in both FF and FFF models and increased the HI.The plans in the FFF model could limit the volume dose of LS but increase the MU.展开更多
Objective To establish two models based on machine learning and dose calculation algorithm that can be used for the prediction of the total dwell time and rapid quality control of brachytherapy plans.Methods A total o...Objective To establish two models based on machine learning and dose calculation algorithm that can be used for the prediction of the total dwell time and rapid quality control of brachytherapy plans.Methods A total of 1042 cases of treated gynecologic oncology patients were selected,of which 512 were used as training data to establish the model and the rest were used as test data.Each treatment plan optimized by inverse planning simulated annealing with all three catheters of the Fletcher applicator.The source strength Sk,prescription dose D,source dwell time t,and tumor volume V were recorded for each case.RV was defined as Sk·t/D.In accordance with the prescription dosage calculation formula in the planning system and machine learning method,the following equations were established:RV=kV2/3 and RV=a+b · V+c·V2.The R2 correlation coefficient represents the accuracy of the results.Result The dose calculation algorithm-based model is RV=1272×V2/3,R2=0.959,whereas the machine learning-based model is RV=258.8× V-0.359× V2+5110,R2=0.961.The treatment time prediction of the two models,each having 13 and 15 cases,respectively,has an error rate of more than10%,and the dose calculation algorithm-based method is more accurate.Conclusion The treatment time can be quickly predicted according to the planning target volume,and the two prediction models can be used as a way of quality control.展开更多
基金This work was supported by China Social Science Foundation under Grant[17CG209]The fabric samples were supported by Jiangsu Sunshine Group and Jiangsu Lianfa Textile Group.
文摘Historically,yarn-dyed plaid fabrics(YDPFs)have enjoyed enduring popularity with many rich plaid patterns,but production data are still classified and searched only according to production parameters.The process does not satisfy the visual needs of sample order production,fabric design,and stock management.This study produced an image dataset for YDPFs,collected from 10,661 fabric samples.The authors believe that the dataset will have significant utility in further research into YDPFs.Convolutional neural networks,such as VGG,ResNet,and DenseNet,with different hyperparameter groups,seemed themost promising tools for the study.This paper reports on the authors’exhaustive evaluation of the YDPF dataset.With an overall accuracy of 88.78%,CNNs proved to be effective in YDPF image classification.This was true even for the low accuracy of Windowpane fabrics,which often mistakenly includes the Prince ofWales pattern.Image classification of traditional patterns is also improved by utilizing the strip pooling model to extract local detail features and horizontal and vertical directions.The strip pooling model characterizes the horizontal and vertical crisscross patterns of YDPFs with considerable success.The proposed method using the strip pooling model(SPM)improves the classification performance on the YDPF dataset by 2.64%for ResNet18,by 3.66%for VGG16,and by 3.54%for DenseNet121.The results reveal that the SPM significantly improves YDPF classification accuracy and reduces the error rate of Windowpane patterns as well.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31788103,32122012,32100221,91940302,31430024)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24040202)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Innovation Promotion Association(2019099)the CAS Key Technology Talent Program(2017)。
文摘Polyamines have been discovered for hundreds of years and once considered as a class of phytohormones.Polyamines play critical roles in a range of developmental processes.However,the molecular mechanisms of polyamine signaling pathways remain poorly understood.Here,we measured the contents of main types of polyamines,and found that endogenous level of thermospermine(T-Spm)in Arabidopsis thaliana is comparable to those of classic phytohormones and is significantly lower than those of putrescine(Put),spermidine(Spd),and spermine(Spm).We further found a nodule-like structure around the junction area connecting the shoot and root of the T-Spm biosynthetic mutant acl5 and obtained more than 50 suppressors of acl5 nodule structure(san)through suppressor screening.An in-depth study of two san suppressors revealed that NAP57 and NOP56,core components of box H/ACA and C/D snoRNPs,were essential for T-Spm-mediated nodule-like structure formation and plant height.Furthermore,analyses of rRNA modifications showed that the overall levels of pseudouridylation and 2′-O-methylation were compromised in san1 and san2 respectively.Taken together,these results establish a strong genetic relationship between rRNA modification and T-Spm-mediated growth and development,which was previously undiscovered in all organisms.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172430 and 82272505)University Grants Committee,Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(14108720,14121721,14202920,N_CUHK472/22,C7030-18G,T13-402/17-N and AoE/M-402/20)+1 种基金Heath Medical Research Fund(HMRF)Hong Kong(16170951,17180831,08190416 and 09203436)Hong Kong Innovation Technology Commission Funds(PRP/050/19FX).
文摘Lacking self-repair abilities,injuries to articular cartilage can lead to cartilage degeneration and ultimately result in osteoarthritis.Tissue engineering based on functional bioactive scaffolds are emerging as promising approaches for articular cartilage regeneration and repair.Although the use of cell-laden scaffolds prior to implantation can regenerate and repair cartilage lesions to some extent,these approaches are still restricted by limited cell sources,excessive costs,risks of disease transmission and complex manufacturing practices.Acellular approaches through the recruitment of endogenous cells offer great promise for in situ articular cartilage regeneration.In this study,we propose an endogenous stem cell recruitment strategy for cartilage repair.Based on an injectable,adhesive and self-healable o-alg-THAM/gel hydrogel system as scaffolds and a biophysio-enhanced bioactive microspheres engineered based on hBMSCs secretion during chondrogenic differentiation as bioactive supplement,the as proposed functional material effectively and specifically recruit endogenous stem cells for cartilage repair,providing new insights into in situ articular cartilage regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107242 and 51974039)Chongqing Special Support Fund for Post Doctorsupported by a Competitive Research Grant from the Office of Sponsored Research(No.OSR-2016-CRG5-2985)of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
文摘Microbial electrosynthesis(MES)enables the bioproduction of multicarbon compounds from CO_(2)using electricity as the driver.Although high salinity can improve the energetic performance of bioelectrochemical systems,acetogenic processes under elevated salinity are poorly known.Here MES under 35e60 g L^(-1)salinity was evaluated.Acetate production in two-chamber MES systems at 35 g L^(-1)salinity(seawater composition)gradually decreased within 60 days,both under-1.2 V cathode potential(vs.Ag/AgCl)and^(-1).56 A m^(-2)reductive current.Carbonate precipitation on cathodes(mostly CaCO3)likely declined the production through inhibiting CO_(2)supply,the direct electrode contact for acetogens and H2 production.Upon decreasing Ca2t and Mg2t levels in three-chamber reactors,acetate was stably produced over 137 days along with a low cathode apparent resistance at 1.9±0.6 mU m^(2)and an average production rate at 3.80±0.21 g m^(-2)d^(-1).Increasing the salinity step-wise from 35 to 60 g L^(-1)gave the most efficient acetate production at 40 g L^(-1)salinity with average rates of acetate production and CO_(2)consumption at 4.56±3.09 and 7.02±4.75 g m^(-2)d^(-1),respectively.The instantaneous coulombic efficiency for VFA averaged 55.1±31.4%.Acetate production dropped at higher salinity likely due to the inhibited CO_(2)dissolution and acetogenic metabolism.Acetobacterium up to 78%was enriched on cathodes as the main acetogen at 35 g L^(-1).Under high-salinity selection,96.5%Acetobacterium dominated on the cathode along with 34.0%Sphaerochaeta in catholyte.This research provides a first proof of concept that MES starting from CO_(2)reduction can be achieved at elevated salinity.
文摘Currently, the primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery.1 In the case of advanced HCC that may not be removed surgically, additional issues, such as drug resistance and drug inefficacy with long-term use of chemotherapeutic drugs, highlight the pressing need for new treatment strategies.2 Autophagy plays an essential role in cellular physiology, which was reported to modulate components of the immune system.3 Autophagy-related immune genes (ARIGs) are linked to both autophagy and immunity. Here we identified histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), an ARIG strongly expressed in HCC, as a therapeutic target.4 Then valproic acid (VPA), a specific inhibitor of HDAC1,5 was used to treat liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that VPA could significantly induce autophagy and apoptosis of Hepa1-6 cells and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. This effect could be related to the regulation of autophagy and tumor immune microenvironment by VPA.
基金Project supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ14B010001)
文摘(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2O3 nanopowders doped with various concentrations of Tm^3+ and Ho^3+ were prepared by the citrate method. The standard cubic Y2O3 phase can be matched in the Tm^3+/Ho^3+ co-doped(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2 O3 nanopowders. The nanopowders exhibit average particle sizes of 40,60, 80 and 100 nm after calcinated at 900,1000,1100 and 1200℃,respectively. The energy transfer from Tm^3+ to Ho^3+ and the optimum fluorescence emission around 2 μm were investigated. Results indicate that the emission bands at around 1.86 and 1.95 μm correspond to 3 F4→3 H6 transition of Tm^3+ and 5 I7→5 I8 transition of Ho^3+, respectively.Better spectral properties were achieved in Tm^3+/Ho^3+ co-doped(Y0.87La0.1Zr0.03)2O3 nanopowders with the average size of 100 nm obtained at the conditions of the treatment of precursors calcinated at 1200 ℃ for 2 h doped with 1.5 mol% Tm^3+ and 1 mol% Ho^3+.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.51674097)the Henan Provincial Higher Education Key Research Project Plan(Project No.19A430007)Henan University of Urban Construction Academic Leadership Funding(Project No.YCJXSJSDTR201706).
文摘The controllable transformation of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum to calcium sulfate hemihydrate(HH)whiskers under facile,readily monitored,and cost-effective hydrothermal conditions could play a vital role in the preparation of high quality HH whiskers and improve our understanding of the transformation process.This work assessed the conversion of FGD gypsum to HH whiskers in 5×10^(-4)mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)and 1.5 wt%CuCl_(2)at 120℃while determining the effects of temperature as well as H_(2)SO_(4)and CuCl_(2)concentrations on transformation kinetics.The preparation of HH whiskers was found to involve a solution-mediated transformation from the dihydrate(DH)to theα-HH.This transition was determined to proceed via a dissolution crystallization mechanism,the rate of which was controlled by nucleation and growth of the HH whiskers.An autocatalytic kinetic model was established based on variations in the HH whiskers mole fraction over time,and this model accurately fit the experimental data with R2=0.990.Increasing the temperature or H_(2)SO_(4)concentration accelerated the transformation by modifying the super-saturation and water activity in the reaction solution,while increasing the CuCl_(2)concentration had the opposite effect.The hydrothermal conditions had an important effect on the transformation from FGD gypsum to HH whiskers.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51674097)Key Public Welfare Special Project of Henan Province(No.201300311000).
文摘Hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers(HH-CSWs)were hydrothermally synthesized in a sulfuric acid solution at 120℃ for different holding times(20,40,and 60 min).The phase structures and morphologies were characterized by XRD and SEM,respectively.The XRD pattern of the sample under 60 min was refined via the Rietveld fitting method.The structure models of the HH-CSW sample under a 60-min holding time was established based on Rietveld fitting results.No difference in the positions of diffraction peaks was determined.The as-prepared holding time increased the intensity and aspect ratio of the diffraction peaks of both samples.In the prepared HH-CSW structure,Ca-O polyhedron is a 12-sided polyhedron similar to that in the gypsum structure;the Ca atom is located in two positions in the one-unit cell;the H_(2)O channel along the c-axis similar is O-shaped and bigger than that in hexagonal and monoclinic CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O structures.Therefore,although the prepared HH-CSW crystals’structure are similar to that of the reported hexagonal and monoclinic CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O structures,they are not the same.The formation mechanism of HH-CSW from flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum is discussed based on the analysis of gypsum structure.
基金Project supported by the National Cancer Institute(No.R01CA197865),the Ride Cincinnati Awardthe National Center for Advancing Translation Science of the National Institutes of Health(No.UL1TR001425),USA
基金This work was supported by National Cancer Institute(NCI)R01 grants(CA197865,CA229869)University of Cincinnati Cancer Center and Ride Cincinnati Award(to X.Zhang).
文摘Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer and leading causes of death in women in the United States and Worldwide.About 90%of breast cancers belong to ER+or HER2+subtypes and are driven by key breast cancer genes Estrogen Receptor and HER2,respectively.Despite the advances in anti-estrogen(endocrine)and anti-HER2 therapies for the treatment of these breast cancer subtypes,unwanted side effects,frequent recurrence and resistance to these treatments remain major clinical challenges.Recent studies have identified ER coactivator MED1 as a key mediator of ER functions and anti-estrogen treatment resistance.Interestingly,MED1 is also coamplified with HER2 and activated by the HER2 signaling cascade,and plays critical roles in HER2-mediated tumorigenesis and response to anti-HER2 treatment as well.Thus,MED1 represents a novel crosstalk point of the HER2 and ER pathways and a highly promising new therapeutic target for ER+and HER2+breast cancer treatment.In this review,we will discuss the recent progress on the role of this key ER/HER2 downstream effector MED1 in breast cancer therapy resistance and our development of an innovative RNA nanotechnology-based approach to target MED1 for potential future breast cancer therapy to overcome treatment resistance.
基金General program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,31371425microRNA regulates the mechanism of mitochondrial fusion protein OPA1 involved in apoptosis induced by chemotherapy drugs Special fund of NSFC director,31240025regulation of mitochondrial injury on apoptosis induced by sorafenib
文摘Objective This study aimed to analyze the dosimetric parameters of volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT) and dynamic multileaf collimator(DMLC) plans with lumbosacral spine(LS) and pelvic bone marrow(PBM) sparing in the flattening filter-free(FFF) model.Methods Thirty patients with cervical cancer were selected for analysis.For each patient,four plans with different strategies were generated:VMAT_FF,VMAT_FFF,DMLC_FF,and DMLC_FFF.Dose volumes for organs at risk,conformity index,heterogeneity index(HI),and total number of machine unit(MU) were compared by paired t-test.Result Compared with plans in the FF model,the irradiated dose to LS significantly decreased both VMAT_FFF and DMLC_FFF plans in the FFF model while the MU increased.The mean dose of LS decreased by 107.2 cGy(P<0.05) in the VMAT_FFF plan.In comparison with the VMAT plans in both models of FF and FFF,the DMLC plans reduced the dose volume of 10 Gy by 5.9%(P<0.05),and the mean dose of LS was 189.6-293.1 cGy.The PBM volume receiving 40 Gy showed a decrease of 0.5%-1.1%(P<0.05) as well.The HI increased in the VMAT plans by approximately 0.053 and 0.039.Conclusion The DMLC plans exhibited the best sparing of the PBM and LS in both FF and FFF models and increased the HI.The plans in the FFF model could limit the volume dose of LS but increase the MU.
文摘Objective To establish two models based on machine learning and dose calculation algorithm that can be used for the prediction of the total dwell time and rapid quality control of brachytherapy plans.Methods A total of 1042 cases of treated gynecologic oncology patients were selected,of which 512 were used as training data to establish the model and the rest were used as test data.Each treatment plan optimized by inverse planning simulated annealing with all three catheters of the Fletcher applicator.The source strength Sk,prescription dose D,source dwell time t,and tumor volume V were recorded for each case.RV was defined as Sk·t/D.In accordance with the prescription dosage calculation formula in the planning system and machine learning method,the following equations were established:RV=kV2/3 and RV=a+b · V+c·V2.The R2 correlation coefficient represents the accuracy of the results.Result The dose calculation algorithm-based model is RV=1272×V2/3,R2=0.959,whereas the machine learning-based model is RV=258.8× V-0.359× V2+5110,R2=0.961.The treatment time prediction of the two models,each having 13 and 15 cases,respectively,has an error rate of more than10%,and the dose calculation algorithm-based method is more accurate.Conclusion The treatment time can be quickly predicted according to the planning target volume,and the two prediction models can be used as a way of quality control.