Urbanization processes affect the ecosystem through alterations in ecological functions and landscape patterns. Currently, analysis of the total ecosystem services value （ESV） has targeted the overall benefits which...Urbanization processes affect the ecosystem through alterations in ecological functions and landscape patterns. Currently, analysis of the total ecosystem services value （ESV） has targeted the overall benefits which human beings obtain from the regional ecosystem but does not generally include information regarding ecological struc- tures and patterns. Therefore, the results cannot reflect the comprehensive state of the local ecosystem. We propose a new, integrative ecosystem quality indicator based on the ESV and landscape metrics for evaluating the quality of the regional ecosystem. We adopted the method of a coupled degree of coordination for evaluating the interrelationship between urbanization and ecosystem quality in Lianyun- gang City from 1985 to 2010. The coupling degree of coordination between urbanization and ecosystem quality showed an inverse U-shaped curve. At the primary stage of urbanization （1985-1995）, the degree of coupling of urbanization and the ecosystem was just barely balanced. From 1995 until 2000, the coupling system reached a balanced condition, in which the urbanization level increased. Since 2000, the urbanization process has accelerated. The coordination between urbanization and the ecosystem achieved the optimum condition in 2005. A turning point appeared at the same time, and the degree of coupling coordination began falling from the optimum. Subsequently, the coupled system once more entered a barely balanced state. Overall, the comprehensive level of ecosystem quality decreased since 1985 and degraded sharply after 2005, suggesting an overall degradation of the local ecosystem quality.展开更多
Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a diverse group of malignancies arising from the intra-or extrahepatic biliary epithelium and characterized by its late diagnosis and fatal outcome.Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(...Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a diverse group of malignancies arising from the intra-or extrahepatic biliary epithelium and characterized by its late diagnosis and fatal outcome.Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECC)accounts for 90%of CCA.However,little is known about the comprehensive genomic alterations of ECC in Chinese population for providing clinical managements especially targeted therapy.Methods:Comprehensive genomic profiling(CGP)was performed with next generation sequencing panel on paraffin-embedded tumor from a cohort of 80 Chinese ECC patients.Results:The most frequently altered genes were TP53(68%),KRAS(46%),SMAD4(22%),ARID1A(20%)and CDKN2A(19%).Mutual exclusivity was observed between multiple genes including ARID1A:TP53,KRAS:LRP1B and NF2:TP53.Genetic alterations with potential therapeutic implications were identified in 43%of patients.The top three actionable alterations include CDKN2A(n=11),BRAF(n=5)and ERBB2(n=4).Potentially actionable alterations were mainly enriched in the G1-S transition,homologous recombination repair,MAPK/ERK pathway.Conclusions:This is the largest data set of ECC cases providing a comprehensive view on genetic alterations in Chinese population which differs significantly from a US cohort,and indicates the potential clinical implications for targeted therapies.展开更多
In this paper, optical pulse repetition rate multiplication based on a series-coupled double-ring resonator is proposed. First, the spectral characteristic of the series-coupled double-ring resonator is simulated and ...In this paper, optical pulse repetition rate multiplication based on a series-coupled double-ring resonator is proposed. First, the spectral characteristic of the series-coupled double-ring resonator is simulated and the optimum coupling coefficients to achieve a periodic flat-top passband are obtained. Then, high-quality pulse repetition rate multiplication is realized by periodically filtering out spectral lines of the input pulse train. Different multiplication factors N 2, 3, 4, 5 can be obtained by adjusting the ring radii. In addition, compared with a single-ring resonator, the multiplied output pulse train by a series-coupled double-ring resonator exhibits much better power uniformity.展开更多
基金We appreciate the contributions made by the reviewers to improve the paper＇s quality. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 41271008）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China （20720150074）, the Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Land and Resource of China （2013CZEPK07）, Innovation Fund for Ph.D Students of Jiangsu Province （Grant No. CXLX12- 0057） and Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse.
文摘Urbanization processes affect the ecosystem through alterations in ecological functions and landscape patterns. Currently, analysis of the total ecosystem services value （ESV） has targeted the overall benefits which human beings obtain from the regional ecosystem but does not generally include information regarding ecological struc- tures and patterns. Therefore, the results cannot reflect the comprehensive state of the local ecosystem. We propose a new, integrative ecosystem quality indicator based on the ESV and landscape metrics for evaluating the quality of the regional ecosystem. We adopted the method of a coupled degree of coordination for evaluating the interrelationship between urbanization and ecosystem quality in Lianyun- gang City from 1985 to 2010. The coupling degree of coordination between urbanization and ecosystem quality showed an inverse U-shaped curve. At the primary stage of urbanization （1985-1995）, the degree of coupling of urbanization and the ecosystem was just barely balanced. From 1995 until 2000, the coupling system reached a balanced condition, in which the urbanization level increased. Since 2000, the urbanization process has accelerated. The coordination between urbanization and the ecosystem achieved the optimum condition in 2005. A turning point appeared at the same time, and the degree of coupling coordination began falling from the optimum. Subsequently, the coupled system once more entered a barely balanced state. Overall, the comprehensive level of ecosystem quality decreased since 1985 and degraded sharply after 2005, suggesting an overall degradation of the local ecosystem quality.
文摘Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a diverse group of malignancies arising from the intra-or extrahepatic biliary epithelium and characterized by its late diagnosis and fatal outcome.Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECC)accounts for 90%of CCA.However,little is known about the comprehensive genomic alterations of ECC in Chinese population for providing clinical managements especially targeted therapy.Methods:Comprehensive genomic profiling(CGP)was performed with next generation sequencing panel on paraffin-embedded tumor from a cohort of 80 Chinese ECC patients.Results:The most frequently altered genes were TP53(68%),KRAS(46%),SMAD4(22%),ARID1A(20%)and CDKN2A(19%).Mutual exclusivity was observed between multiple genes including ARID1A:TP53,KRAS:LRP1B and NF2:TP53.Genetic alterations with potential therapeutic implications were identified in 43%of patients.The top three actionable alterations include CDKN2A(n=11),BRAF(n=5)and ERBB2(n=4).Potentially actionable alterations were mainly enriched in the G1-S transition,homologous recombination repair,MAPK/ERK pathway.Conclusions:This is the largest data set of ECC cases providing a comprehensive view on genetic alterations in Chinese population which differs significantly from a US cohort,and indicates the potential clinical implications for targeted therapies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61007007)the talents of North China University of Technology(CCXZ201307)the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions(CIT&TCD201304001)
文摘In this paper, optical pulse repetition rate multiplication based on a series-coupled double-ring resonator is proposed. First, the spectral characteristic of the series-coupled double-ring resonator is simulated and the optimum coupling coefficients to achieve a periodic flat-top passband are obtained. Then, high-quality pulse repetition rate multiplication is realized by periodically filtering out spectral lines of the input pulse train. Different multiplication factors N 2, 3, 4, 5 can be obtained by adjusting the ring radii. In addition, compared with a single-ring resonator, the multiplied output pulse train by a series-coupled double-ring resonator exhibits much better power uniformity.
