多孔环氧树脂基固体电解质微观结构与性能

文中以聚乙二醇200为制孔剂、双酚A二缩水甘油醚为树脂基体、4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷(PACM)和聚醚胺(D230)为固化剂,使用反应诱导相分离法制备了多种多孔环氧树脂,研究了制孔剂比例与固化剂种类对多孔环氧树脂微孔结构的影响。结果表明,随着制孔剂比例增加,PACM体系多孔环氧树脂微孔结构由非贯通圆孔变为由环氧树脂小球连接的贯通结构,而D230体系多孔环氧树脂由独立小孔逐渐发展为三维骨架孔道。D230三维贯通骨架结构更利于制孔剂的去除和离子通道的形成,可在保留较完整树脂骨架的同时获得较高离子电导率(1.81 mS/cm);而PACM海绵状微孔更容易形成闭合孔道,在制孔剂与树脂质量比超过3:1的情况下可获得较高离子电导率(2.02 mS/cm),但此时微观形貌表现为独立树脂小球,失去力学性能。此外,在制备的树脂固体电解质块体结构中,D230体系在更低的制孔剂比例下(制孔剂与树脂质量比为2:1)测得离子电导率(0.35mS/cm),表明大厚度条件下,D230体系三维网络结构对比PACM体系圆孔更有利于形成连续离子通道。

Enhancing the Performance of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes via Synergistic Effect of Defect Passivation and Dielectric Screening

Metal halide perovskites,particularly the quasi-two-dimensional perovskite subclass,have exhibited considerable potential for next-generation electroluminescent materials for lighting and display.Nevertheless,the presence of defects within these perovskites has a substantial influence on the emission efficiency and durability of the devices.In this study,we revealed a synergistic passivation mechanism on perovskite films by using a dual-functional compound of potassium bromide.The dual functional potassium bromide on the one hand can passivate the defects of halide vacancies with bromine anions and,on the other hand,can screen the charged defects at the grain boundaries with potassium cations.This approach effectively reduces the probability of carriers quenching resulting from charged defects capture and consequently enhances the radiative recombination efficiency of perovskite thin films,leading to a significant enhancement of photoluminescence quantum yield to near-unity values(95%).Meanwhile,the potassium bromide treatment promoted the growth of homogeneous and smooth film,facilitating the charge carrier injection in the devices.Consequently,the perovskite light-emitting diodes based on this strategy achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency of~21%and maximum luminance of~60,000 cd m^(-2).This work provides a deeper insight into the passivation mechanism of ionic compound additives in perovskite with the solution method.

The Importance of Breathing Training in Folk Dance Teaching

The importance of breathing training in dance teaching is reflected in the two aspects of enhancing the quality of dance movements and sublimating the connotation of dance movements.For example,high-quality breathing can help performers complete the dance movements and improve the coordination of the movements;at the same time,the unique body rhythm formed by breathing can strengthen the visual effect of the performance and convey its spirit and soul to the audience.This requires folk dance teachers to carry out relevant training and teaching activities based on the categories and skills of dance breathing,such as changing students’ideological cognition,developing periodic breathing training courses,providing personalized guidance to students,and allowing students to adjust their learning and practice methods in the evaluation.

Enhancing performance of inverted quantum-dot light-emitting diodes based on a solution-processed hole transport layer via ligand treatment

The performance of inverted quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)based on solution-processed hole transport layers(HTLs)has been limited by the solvent-induced damage to the quantum dot(QD)layer during the spin-coating of the HTL.The lack of compatibility between the HTL’s solvent and the QD layer results in an uneven surface,which negatively impacts the overall device performance.In this work,we develop a novel method to solve this problem by modifying the QD film with 1,8-diaminooctane to improve the resistance of the QD layer for the HTL’s solvent.The uniform QD layer leads the inverted red QLED device to achieve a low turn-on voltage of 1.8 V,a high maximum luminance of 105500 cd/m2,and a remarkable maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.34%.This approach releases the considerable potential of HTL materials selection and offers a promising avenue for the development of high-performance inverted QLEDs.

Impedance spectroscopy for quantum dot light-emitting diodes

Impedance spectroscopy has been increasingly employed in quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)to investigate the charge dynamics and device physics.In this review,we introduce the mathematical basics of impedance spectroscopy that applied to QLEDs.In particular,we focus on the Nyquist plot,Mott-Schottky analysis,capacitance-frequency and capacitance-voltage characteristics,and the d C/d V measurement of the QLEDs.These impedance measurements can provide critical information on electrical parameters such as equivalent circuit models,characteristic time constants,charge injection and recombination points,and trap distribution of the QLEDs.However,this paper will also discuss the disadvantages and limitations of these measurements.Fundamentally,this review provides a deeper understanding of the device physics of QLEDs through the application of impedance spectroscopy,offering valuable insights into the analysis of performance loss and degradation mechanisms of QLEDs.

Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio plus platelet-to-lymphocyte ratioin predicting survival for patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱgastric cancer

Background:The preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR) are associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer.We aimed to determine whether the combination of NLR and PLR(NLR-PLR) could better predict survival of patients after curative resection for stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer.Methods:We collected data from the medical records of patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ gastric cancer undergoing curative resection between December 2000 and November 2012 at the Sun Yat-sen Cancer Center.The preoperative NLRPLR was calculated as follows:patients with both elevated NLR(≥2.1) and PLR(≥ 120) were given a score of 2,and patients with only one or neither were given a score of 1 or 0,respectively.Results:Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests revealed significant differences in overall survival(OS) among patients with NLR-PLR scores of 0,1 and 2(P < 0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that OS was independently associated with the NLR-PLR score[hazard ratio(HR) = 1.51,95%confidence interval(CI) 1.02-2.24,P = 0.039]and TNM stage(HR = 1.36,95%CI 1.01-1.83,P= 0.041).However,other systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores,including the modified Glasgow prognostic score,the prognostic nutritional index,and the combination of platelet count and NLR,were not.In TNM stage-stratified analysis,the prognostic significance of NLR-PLR was maintained in patients with stage Ⅰ(P < 0.001) and stage Ⅱ cancers(P= 0.022).In addition,the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the NLR-PLR score was higher than those of other systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores(P = 0.001).Conclusion:The preoperative NLR-PLR score is a useful predictor of postoperative survival in the patients with stage l-ll gastric cancer and may help identify high-risk patients for rational therapy and timely follow-up.

PRC1.6复合体表观遗传调控生殖谱系特异性基因的时空表达

多梳抑制复合体1 (polycomb repressive complex 1, PRC1)是一类通过催化和识别染色质表观遗传修饰进而调控基因表达的蛋白复合体,主要参与干细胞干性维持、细胞分化以及细胞周期调控等生理过程,该复合体功能异常影响机体发育或导致癌症发生。在哺乳动物细胞内,PRC1根据组成差异被进一步细分为6种不同的亚型PRC1.1～PRC1.6,它们在靶基因群识别、表观调控机制及生物学功能上存在明显特化。近年来研究发现,PRC1.6复合体在胚胎干细胞及体细胞中对于稳定抑制生殖谱系特异性基因的表达至关重要,同时对于生殖干细胞的干性维持以及精子发生过程中生殖谱系特异性基因的精密调控承担着重要作用。本文在介绍PRC1.6复合体的发现、各组分的分子功能及其参与的生化反应途径的基础上,系统阐述了该复合体在胚胎发育、性腺发育、精子发生等过程中对生殖谱系特异性靶基因群的时空表达发挥的重要调控功能,并探讨了PRC1.6与已知表观遗传调控网络的相互作用,以期为进一步探索生殖谱系基因表达、精子发生的表观遗传调控机制以及男性不育的致病机制提供参考。

Prognostic factors of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors： a cohort study based on high-volume centers

Objective： We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunohistochemical expression and prognostic factors of patients with primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors（GISTs）.Methods： Data from 2,570 consecutive GIST patients from four medical centers in China（January2001–December 2015） were reviewed. Survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors.Results： Of the included patients, 1,375（53.5%） were male, and the patient age range was 18 to 95（median, 58）years. The tumors were mostly found in the stomach（64.5%）, small intestine（25.1%） and colorectal region（5.1%）.At the time of diagnosis, the median tumor size was 4.0（range： 0.1–55.0） cm, and the median mitotic index per 50 high power fields（HPFs） was 3（range： 0–254）. Of the 2,168 resected patients, 2,009（92.7%） received curative resection. According to the modified National Institutes of Health（NIH） classification, 21.9%, 28.9%, 14.1% and35.1% were very low-, low-, intermediate-and high-risk tumors, respectively. The rate of positivity was 96.4% for c-Kit, 87.1% for CD34, 96.9% for delay of germination 1（DOG-1）, 8.0% for S-100, 31.0% for smooth muscle actin（SMA） and 5.1% for desmin. However, the prognostic value of each was limited. Multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, mitotic index, tumor site, occurrence of curative resection and postoperative imatinib were independent prognostic factors. Furthermore, we found that high-risk patients benefited significantly from postoperative imatinib（P〈0.001）, whereas intermediate-risk patients did not（P=0.954）.Conclusions： Age, tumor size, mitotic index, tumor site, occurrence of curative resection and postoperative imatinib were independent prognostic factors in patients with GISTs. Moreover, determining whether intermediate-risk patients can benefit from adjuvant imatinib would be of considerable interest in future studies.

Experiments with Two New Boosting Algorithms

Boosting is an effective classifier combination method, which can improve classification performance of an unstable learning algorithm. But it dose not make much more improvement of a stable learning algorithm. In this paper, multiple TAN classifiers are combined by a combination method called Boosting-MultiTAN that is compared with the Boosting-BAN classifier which is boosting based on BAN combination. We describe experiments that carried out to assess how well the two algorithms perform on real learning problems. Fi- nally, experimental results show that the Boosting-BAN has higher classification accuracy on most data sets, but Boosting-MultiTAN has good effect on others. These results argue that boosting algorithm deserve more attention in machine learning and data mining communities.

Study on the Traffic Energy System Model in Urumqi Based on Scenario Analysis Methods

In this study, a traffic energy system model is developed to optimize the traffic system cost of Urumqi, considering energy consumption, pollution emission and travel time. Meanwhile, scenario analysis method is proposed to solve the problem of the extreme weather of traffic, and three scenarios (i.e. 10%, 20% and 30%) of reductions of traffic flow quantity and pollutant emission are examined. The results demonstrate that the medium-type coach will be the promising selection under different scenarios especially in the extreme conditions and the traffic flow reduction scenarios are not the better option for the decision owing to the same cost under the different reduction levels. Moreover, encouraging the medium-type coach traveling and restricting the small vehicle driving would be attractive alternatives for the extreme situation. The proposed model would provide reasonable references for decision makers.

A Broadband T/R Front-End of Millimeter Wave Holographic Imaging

A broadband T/R frond-end of active holographic imaging system is presented. Compact autodyne mode circuit structure front-end is adopted to achieve higher signal to noise ratio and higher reliability, which is beneficial to the after-end imagining. The factors that influence the dynamic range and the transverse resolution ratio of holographic imaging system have been analyzed. Wide-band oscillator, wide-band low noise amplifier and the tapered slot antennas are implemented to meet the requirements of the holographic imagining system. According to the measured results, the output power is uniform in the broadband working frequency. The sub-harmonic suppression is better than 25 dBc from the frequency of 28 GHz to 33 GHz. The isolation between antennas channel is greater than 20 dB. The experimental result shows that the performance of the front-end is good enough to meet the needs of active millimeter-wave holographic imaging system.

Trajectory of bearing movement during Oxford mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using a kinematic alignment technique

To the Editor:Dislocation of the mobile bearing is the most common reason for revisions in Asian patients who undergo Oxford mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(Oxford MB UKA),with an incidence rate as high as 7.9%.[1]Multiple studies have shown that the bearing dislocation rate is significantly higher in Asian than in Western patients.[2]A poor bearing movement trajectory was considered one of the risk factors.Malpositioning of the component results in a wider space between the margin of the bearing and the lateral wall of the tibial component,leading to a poor bearing movement trajectory and even bearing rotation.The superior surface is designed with high surrounding rims(higher in the anterior and posterior parts,lower in the medial and lateral parts).When rotation occurs,the lower rim loses its restriction to mutual movement of the bearing and femoral component,which leads to dislocation.

Effect of wet flue gas desulfurization(WFGD) on fine particle(PM_(2.5)) emission from coal-fired boilers

In this study, the characteristics of fine particles before and after wet flue gas desulfurization(WFGD) in three coal-fired heating boilers in northern China were investigated by using a dilution-based emission sampling experimental system. The influences of the WFGD process on the mass and number concentrations as well as the chemical composition of fine particles were analyzed. The removal efficiency of desulfurization processes on particulate matter mass was 30.06%–56.25% for the three study units. The WFGD had a great influence on the size distributions of particle mass concentration and number concentration. A significant increase in the number and mass concentration of particles in the size range of 0.094–0.946 μm was observed. The watersoluble ion content accounted for a very large proportion of PM_(2.5) mass, and its proportion in PM_(2.5) increased from 28.39%–41.08% to 48.96%–61.21% after the WFGD process for the three units. The desulfurizing process also drastically increased the proportion of cation component(Ca^(2+) for unit A, Mg^(2+) for unit B, and Na+for unit C) and the proportion of SO_4^(2-) in PM_(2.5), and it increased the CE/AE values of PM_(2.5) from 0.82–0.98 to 0.93–1.27 for the three study units.

浑善达克沙地最老砂层的年龄

浑善达克沙地位于东亚季风的边缘地带,是研究气候演变的理想区域.沙地内分布的火山熔岩覆盖在古砂层之上,使得较老的砂层由于顶盖岩层保护作用而得以保存.以往对浑善达克沙地的气候变化过程的研究主要集中于末次盛冰期以来时段,缺乏更长时间尺度的气候变化记录,其主要原因是缺乏合适的地质载体和相对应的长尺度年代数据.本文通过对砂质古土壤、风成砂、湖相砂和火山烘烤层等样品进行光释光测年,利用常规SAR法、TT-OSL法和pIRIR(200,290)法分别对石英和长石进行等效剂量的测定,并进行了不同测年矿物及方法的对比,确定最终的沉积年龄,获得了截至目前最老的风成砂年龄为321.2 ka.建立了沉积物年代框架,重建了浑善达克沙地中更新世晚期以来的演化过程:距今320, 160.3~151.6和4.4 ka时,风沙物质快速堆积,沙丘活化,沙地扩张;距今5.0,2.4和1.3 ka时,风沙活动规模小,沙丘固定;距今320.4 ka左右浑善达克沙地内已经是沙丘与湖泊共存的地貌景观.

Hepatic progenitor cell activation in liver repair

The liver possesses an extraordinary ability to regenerate after injury.Hepatocyte-driven liver regeneration is the default pathway in response to mild-to-moderate acute liver damage.When replication of mature hepatocytes is blocked,facultative hepatic progenitor cells(HPCs),also referred to as oval cells(OCs)in rodents,are activated.HPC/OCs have the ability to proliferate clonogenically and differentiate into several lineages including hepatocytes and bile ductal epithelia.This is a conserved liver injury response that has been studied in many species ranging from mammals(rat,mouse,and human)to fish.In addition,improper HPC/OC activation is closely associated with fibrotic responses,characterized by myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix production,in many chronic liver diseases.Matrix remodeling and metalloprotease activities play an important role in the regulation of HPC/OC proliferation and fibrosis progression.Thus,understanding molecular mechanisms underlying HPC/OC activation has therapeutic implications for rational design of anti-fibrotic therapies.

On the accurate characterization of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes for display applications

Quantum dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)are a class of high-performance solution-processed electroluminescent(EL)devices highly attractive for next-generation display applications.Despite the encouraging advances in the mechanism investigation,material chemistry,and device engineering of QLEDs,the lack of standard protocols for the characterization of QLEDs may cause inaccurate measurements of device parameters and invalid comparison of different devices.Here,we report a comprehensive study on the characterizations of QLEDs using various methods.We show that the emission non-uniformity across the active area,nonLambertian angular distributions of EL intensity,and discrepancies in the adopted spectral luminous efficiency functions could introduce significant errors in the device efficiency.Larger errors in the operational-lifetime measurements may arise from the inaccurate determination of the initial luminance and inconsistent methods for analyzing the luminance-decay curves.Finally,we suggest a set of recommended practices and a checklist for device characterizations,aiming to help the researchers in the QLED field to achieve accurate and reliable measurements.