Modeling and Evaluating Telecommunication Industry's “Internet-and-Digitized” Development

This paper systematically investigates telecommunication industry's "internet-and-digitization" development situation. Based on existing literature and the unique characteristics of telecommunication industry, we build a comprehensive model to depict the level of "internet-and-digitization" development by five key dimensions: market size, informational investment, technological innovation, internet application, and internet penetration. We propose that this five-dimensional model can capture the key components of "internet-and-digitization" development in this digital era. By using Beijing's telecommunication data, we empirically test our conceptual model and explore the current development level of telecommunication industry's "internet-and-digitization" progress. Results show that Beijing's telecommunication industry has great potential in expanding online market size as well as activating technological innovation. We also suggest that bigger telecommunication firms should pay more attention to "internet-and-digitization" development, especially on internet application and penetration dimensions. Finally, theoretical contributions, managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed.

Empirical Study on Customer Satisfaction Influencing Factors of Industry Application Products Based on Experiential Level Theory

The rapid development of industry application products has greatly influenced society. It has become essential for some telecommunication companies to focus on customer satisfaction with industrial products used by the government and enterprise customers. Following the review of a previous study of customer satisfaction and with the help of experiential level theory,this article attempts to establish a Satisfaction Factors Model for researching customer satisfaction with industry applications. We chose a product named "Mobile Monitor" and investigated the emotional satisfaction of 127 users and company leaders from different walks of life,and showed that 7 of the product's features affected the customers' overall emotional satisfaction. Lastly,this paper points out management implications of this application based on quantitative results. It presents a preliminary exploration program for customer satisfaction research in this specific field. The empirical research on a specific product based on experimental level theory may serve as a reference for other companies that desire to carry out similar surveys in future.

Finite density scaling laws of condensation phase transition in zero-range processes on scale-free networks

The dynamics of zero-range processes on complex networks is expected to be influenced by the topological structure of underlying networks.A real space complete condensation phase transition in the stationary state may occur.We study the finite density effects of the condensation transition in both the stationary and dynamical zero-range processes on scale-free networks.By means of grand canonical ensemble method,we predict analytically the scaling laws of the average occupation number with respect to the finite density for the steady state.We further explore the relaxation dynamics of the condensation phase transition.By applying the hierarchical evolution and scaling ansatz,a scaling law for the relaxation dynamics is predicted.Monte Carlo simulations are performed and the predicted density scaling laws are nicely validated.

儿童视角下的幼儿园区域活动

区域活动因其可以满足幼儿个别化学习的需要,给予幼儿自主探索的机会,而逐渐成为当前幼儿园课程实施的重要方式。本研究以儿童视角为理论基础,邀请南京市一所幼儿园28名中班幼儿和2名教师参与研究,请幼儿运用马赛克方法发表其对区域活动的看法,同时通过访谈了解教师创设区域的意图,然后依据扎根理论,使用Nvivo11质性分析软件对所获研究资料进行编码分析,结果发现幼儿对区域活动的关注点主要集中在区域材料、内部体验、自身兴趣与经验、环境、空间、人物和规则等七个方面,与教师在创设区域时重视区域的教育功能、形式美观、条件便利等存在一定的差异;虽然教师认可幼儿参与的能力,也愿意根据幼儿的实际参与情况作出调整,但总体来说文化差异影响着儿童视角在幼儿园区域活动中的实施,成人权威阻碍着幼儿参与的进程,同时现实条件也制约着幼儿参与的程度。为推动儿童视角在幼儿园区域活动中的运用,教师应具备倾听幼儿的意识,重视幼儿参与的过程,并积极回应幼儿的想法;幼儿园应积极创建包括管理者、幼儿、教师、家长、研究者在内的参与共同体,为教师运用儿童视角提供条件支持。

A simple method of depressing numerical dissipation effects during wave simulation within the Euler model

Numerical wave tanks are widely-acknowledged tools in studying waves and wave-structure interactions. They can generate waves under realistic scales and offers more information on the fluid field. However, most numerical wave tanks suffer from issues known as the numerical dissipation and numerical dispersion. The former causes wave energy to be slowly dissipated and the latter shifts wave frequencies during wave propagation. This paper proposes a simple method of depressing numerical dissipation effects on the basis of solving Euler equations using the finite difference method(FDM). The wave propagation solutions are solved analytically taking into account the influence of the damping terms. The main idea of the method is to append a source term to the momentum equation, whose strength is determined by how strong the numerical damping effect is. The method is verified by successfully depressing numerical effects during the simulation of regular linear waves, Stokes waves and irregular waves. By applying the method, wave energy is able to be close to its initial value after long distance of travel.

低单体残留药用甲基丙烯酸氨酯共聚物水分散体的制备与应用

以甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体,采用乳液聚合联合辐照法制备了高稳定性、低单体残留的药用甲基丙烯酸氨基酯共聚物水分散体,并将该水分散体用于阿司匹林片剂包衣。借助高效液相色谱、激光粒度仪、Zeta电位仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、加速实验等对其单体残留、水分散体及其包衣结构与性能进行了表征。通过包衣阿司匹林片的溶出实验,验证了该材料的实际包衣效果。结果表明,仅使用乳液聚合制备的水性分散体(EPAD)中含有大量的单体残留。经过钴-60伽马射线2h辐照后,残留单体总量大幅下降至13×10^(-6)。EPAD的粒径分布较窄,平均粒径为269nm。辐照后的水分散体(RDAD)平均粒径增加到453nm,但对水分散体稳定性无明显影响,且RDAD与甲基丙烯酸氨基共聚物具有相似的较低的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。RDAD包衣片剂的阿司匹林溶出行为与甲基丙烯酸氨酯共聚物乙醇溶液包衣片剂的基本一致。

The Research of Customer Loyalty Improvement in Telecom Industry Based on NPS Data Mining

In recent years, the telecommunications have used the concept of NPS(Net Promoter Score) for customer relationship management, but there is neither definite theory research nor instructive instance research. However, this paper summarizes an approach with instance case analysis to improve customer loyalty via NPS data mining, which has extensive and practical significance for tele-companies. First, this paper finds some driven forces of customer loyalty, which are relative to customer consumption such as the call duration, the usage of data, ARPU, etc., by using some innovative reasoning-analysis based on IG(Information Gain) and xg-boost decision-making tree model, so the tele-companies can predict the role of individual customer and form daily monitoring on big data, which will save a lot of NPS survey cost. Second, this paper summarizes how customer group feature impacts the relationship between NPS and financial performance. Taking ARPU value as the performance goals, we divide the sample customers into 6 groups and summarize their characteristics based on k-means clustering, and give targeted suggestion of each group.

Automated retinal layer segmentation in optical coherence tomography images with intraretinal fluid

We propose a novel retinal layer segmentation method to accurately segment 10 retinal layers in optical coherence tomography(OCT)images with intraretinal fluid.The method used a fan filter to enhance the linear information pertaining to retinal boundaries in an OCT image by reducing the effect of vessel shadows and fluid regions.A random forest classifier was employed to predict the location of the boundaries.Two novel methods of boundary redirection(SR)and similarity correction(SC)were combined to carry out boundary tracking and thereby accurately locate retinal layer boundaries.Experiments were performed on healthy controls and subjects with diabetic macular edema(DME).The proposed method required an average of 415 s for healthy controls and of 482 s for subjects with DME and achieved high accuracy for both groups of subjects.The proposed method requires a shorter running time than previous methods and also provides high accuracy.Thus,the proposed method may be a better choice for small training datasets.

Analysis of a Residual Model for the Decomposition of Polarimetric SAR Data

Accurate estimation of the double-bounce scattering fd and surface scattering fs coefficients with Freeman-Durden decomposition is still difficult. This difficulty arises because overestimation of the volume scattering energy contribution Pv leads to negative values for fd and fs. A generalized residual model is introduced to estimate fd and fs. The relationship between Pv and the residual model is analyzed. Eigenvalues computed from the residual model must be positive to explain physical scattering mechanisms. The authors employ a new volumetric scattering model to minimize Pv as calculated by several decomposition methods. It is concluded that decreasing Pv can help reduce negative energy. This conclusion is validated using actual polarimetric SAR data.

Interactions between heavy quarks and tilted QGP fireballs in 200 A GeV Au+Au collisions

Heavy quark observables are applied to probe the initial energy density distribution with violation of longitudinal boost invariance produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Using an improved Langevin model coupled to a(3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model,we study the nuclear modification factor(R_(AA)) and directed flow(v_(1)) and elliptic flow(v_(2)) coefficients of heavy mesons and their decayed electrons at an RHIC energy.We find that the counter-clockwise tilt of nuclear matter in the reaction plane results in a positive(negative) heavy flavor vi in the backward(forward) rapidity region,whose magnitude increases with the heavy quark transverse momentum.The difference in the heavy flavor R_(AA) between different angular regions is also proposed as a complementary tool to characterize the asymmetry of the medium profile.Our model results are consistent with currently available data at the RHIC and provide predictions that can be tested by future measurements.

Effect of blood sampling management on reducing blood transfusions in very preterm infants

To the Editor:Unstable clinical conditions and complications make multiple laboratory tests and blood sampling inevitable in preterm infants,contributing to iatrogenic blood loss.Undoubtedly,iatrogenic blood loss is highly correlated with red blood cell transfusion(RBCT).A previous study on extremely low birth weight(BW)infants reported that the sampling blood loss was 30.0 mL/kg within the first week of life,leading to one or more RBCTs in 98%of patients.[1]RBCTs are increasingly reported to cause inflammatory responses and increase the incidence of preterm complications.Therefore,reducing iatrogenic blood loss could not only decrease the need for transfusions but also reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity.

Preliminary study of a cluster-based open-source parallel GIS based on the GRASS GIS

In response to the problem of how to give geographic information system(GIS)high-performance capabilities for certain specific GIS applications,a new GIS research direction,parallel GIS processing,has emerged.However,traditional research has focused mostly on implementing typical GIS parallel algorithms,with little discussion of how to parallelize an entire GIS package on clusters based on theory.Therefore,the authors have chosen the geographic resources analysis support system(GRASS)GIS as the object of their research and have put forward the concept of a cluster-based open-source parallel GIS(cluster-based OP-GIS)as a tool to support Digital Earth construction.The related theory includes not only the parallel computing mode,architecture,and software framework of such a system,but also various parallelization patterns.From experiments on the prototype system,it can be concluded that the parallel system has better efficiency and performance than the conventional system on certain selected modules.

Deformation behavior and fluid action of quartz veins in the Xuelongshan metamorphic complex,Western Yunnan

The Xuelongshan metamorphic complex underwent Cenozoic sinistral strike-slip shearing and exhumation from deep to shallow in the southeast margin of the Tibet Plateau.We studied the deformation behavior and fluid action of quartz veins in the metamorphic complex in depth based on macroscopic observation,electron backscatter diffraction fabric,and fluid inclusion analysis.The mylonitic samples are characterized by strongly elongated and orientated porphyroclasts and a finegrained matrix with a shear strain of 2.4.The ultramylonitic samples are characterized by a strongly fine-grained matrix with a shear strain of 5.8.The{m}glide controls the quartz deformation in the mylonites and ultramylonites.As the dominant recovery mechanism,subgrain rotation dynamic recrystallization reduces the grain size and promotes rheological weakening.The porphyroclasts restrict the crystal orientation of the recrystallized quartz matrix.The mylonitic quartz veins have abundant single-phase and two-phase fluid inclusions.However,the ultramylonitic quartz veins have a few fluid inclusions,most of which are small and irregular toward the grain boundaries.The temperature and pressure of fluid activity in quartz veins are 550–500℃and 391–218 MPa for ultramylonitic quartz veins,with a depth of 14.2–7.9 km and 450–400℃and 236–91 MPa for mylonitic quartz veins,with a depth of 8.6–3.3 km.The deformation process changes the shape of fluid inclusions from mylonitization to ultramylonitization and causes fluid leakage,an increase in local fluid pressure at the boundary,and hydrolysis weakening,promoting lattice dislocation glide and recrystallization,which is directly related to regional continuous shear deformation and exhumation.

AICellCounter:A Machine Learning-Based Automated Cell Counting Tool Requiring Only One Image for Training

Dear Editor,To decipher brain functions,brain cells are generally prelabeled and then imaged using a high-resolution confocal system,and manual or automatic counting methods are widely used in the quantitative and semiquantitative analysis of these confocal images.Therefore,cell counting becomes a bottleneck in efficient analysis because manual counting is laborious and time-consuming.Therefore,an accurate and user-friendly automated cell counting tool is needed for biological researchers.

内脏型肥胖对胃癌根治术后早期并发症的影响

目的探讨内脏脂肪面积(VFA)对胃癌根治术疗效及术后早期并发症的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究的方法。分析2014年1月至2017年12月期间,于西安交通大学第一附属医院普通外科行胃癌D2根治术的195例患者的临床病理资料及术前影像资料。纳入标准:(1)临床病理及影像学资料完整;(2)术前病理为胃恶性肿瘤,且经术后病理证实为胃癌;(3)术前无出血、梗阻或穿孔等并发症,无远处转移。排除既往有腹部手术史者、合并其他部位恶性肿瘤或基础情况差者、行急诊手术或姑息性切除术者以及术前新辅助治疗者。通过软件计算VFA,根据日本肥胖协会标准,将VFA≥100 cm^(2)定义为内脏型肥胖。将患者分为VFA高值组(VFA-H组,96例)和VFA低值组(VFA-L组,99例)。比较两组患者的临床病理特征、手术效果及术后早期并发症等指标。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型,分析影响胃癌根治术后早期并发症发生的危险因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析VFA对胃癌根治术后早期并发症的预测能力;采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验分析体质指数(BMI)与VFA间的相关性。结果VFA-L组与VFA-H组患者在性别、年龄、美国麻醉医师协会分级、术前合并症、术前贫血、肿瘤TNM分期以及N分期、T分期和分化程度、手术方式、肿瘤切除范围、肿瘤位置等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但VFA-H组患者比VFA-L组具有更高的BMI、更大的肿瘤直径、更低的合并低白蛋白血症者比例和更高的皮下脂肪面积(SFA),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。VFA-H组手术时间显著长于VFA-L组,而淋巴结清扫数目显著少于VFA-L组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);但在术中出血量、中转开腹率及术后住院时间方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本组患者术后30 d内发生Clavien-DindoⅡ级以上并发症主要为吻合口相关并发症(包括漏、出血、感染及狭窄)、肠梗阻和切口感染,VFA-H组比VFA-L组早期并发症发生率更高[24.0%(23/96)比10.1%(10/99),χ^(2)=6.657,P=0.010],术后吻合口相关并发症和切口感染发生率也均更高[10.4%(10/96)比3.0%(3/99),χ^(2)=4.274,P=0.039;7.3%(7/96)比1.0%(1/99),P=0.033]。Logistic多因素分析结果显示,高BMI(OR=3.688,95%CI:1.685~8.072,P=0.001)和高VFA(OR=2.526,95%CI:1.148~5.559,P=0.021)是本组胃癌根治术后早期并发症发生的独立危险因素。VFA预测胃癌根治术后发生早期并发症的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值为0.645,高于体质量(0.591)、BMI(0.624)和SFA(0.626)。相关性分析显示,BMI与VFA值呈现显著正相关(r=0.640,P<0.001)。结论VFA≥100 cm2是胃癌根治术后早期并发症发生的独立危险因素;VFA能更好地预测胃癌根治术后早期并发症的发生。

SMILE术后调节功能变化

目的:研究飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)后双眼视及调节功能的变化特点。方法:回顾性研究。选取2015年3-12月在天津市眼科医院屈光手术中心接受SMILE的近视散光患者25例。分别在术前,术后1周、1个月、3个月测量调节功能参数,包括单眼调节幅度(MAA)、单眼调节灵敏度(MAF)、双眼交叉柱镜法(BCC)测量的调节反应、正相对调节(PRA)及负相对调节(NRA)。不同时间段之间参数的差异比较采用重复测量方差分析,两两比较采用LSD-t检验。结果:MAA在SMILE手术后1周下降,术后3个月时恢复到术前水平,差异有统计学意义(F=5.418,P=0.002);MAF及PRA在SMILE术后1周轻微下降,术后3个月较术前显著增加(F=8.090,P<0.001;F=5.466,P=0.002)。BCC测量的调节反应及NRA在术后各个时期差异无统计学意义(F=2.445,P=0.071;F=0.536,P=0.659)。结论:SMILE可暂时性降低调节功能,但随着时间推移逐渐好转。

Isolation and oral immunogenicity assessment of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus NH-TA2020 strain:One of the predominant strains circulating in China from 2017 to 2021

Porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED)caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)is one of the most devastating diseases in the global pig industry due to its high mortality rate in piglets.Maternal vaccines can effectively enhance the gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA axis to boost lactogenic immunity and passive protection of nursing piglets against PEDV challenge.From 2017 to 2021,we collected 882 diarrhea samples from 303 farms in China to investigate the epidemiology of PEDV.The result showed that about 52.15%(158/303)of the farms were positive for PEDV with an overall detection rate of 63.95%(564/882)of the samples.The S1 fragments of S gene from 104 strains were sequenced for the phylogenetic analysis.A total of 71 PEDV strains(68.27%)sequenced in this study were clustered into the predominant G2c subgroup,while the newly-defined G2d strains(9.62%)were identified in three provinces of China.The NH-TA2020 strain of G2c subgroup was isolated and cultured,and its infection to piglets caused watery diarrhea within 24 h,indicating its strong pathogenicity.Oral administration of NH-TA2020 strain to pregnant gilts stimulated high levels of IgA antibody in colostrum.The piglets fed by the gilts above were challenged with NH-TA2020 strain or CH-HeB-RY-2020 strain from G2d subgroup,and the clinical symptoms and virus shedding were significantly reduced compared to the mock group.Our findings suggest that G2c subgroup is the predominant branch circulating in China from 2017 to 2021.Oral administration of NH-TA2020 enhances maternal IgA and lactogenic immune responses,which confer protection against the homologous and emerging G2d PEDV strains challenges in neonates.

Spatial, Temporal and Genetic Dynamics Characteristics of Influenza B Viruses in China, 1973–2018

Annual influenza B virus epidemics and outbreaks cause severe influenza diseases in humans and pose a threat to public health. China is an important epidemic area of influenza B viruses. However, the spatial, temporal transmission pathways and the demography history of influenza B viruses in China remain unknown. We collected the haemagglutinin gene sequences sampled of influenza B virus in China between 1973 and 2018. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo phylogeographic discrete approach was used to infer the spatial and temporal phylodynamics of influenza B virus. The Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of influenza B viruses showed that the North subtropical and South subtropical zones are the origins of the Victoria and Yamagata lineage viruses, respectively. Furthermore, the South temperate and North subtropical zones acted as transition nodes in the Victoria lineage virus dispersion network and that the North subtropical and Mid subtropical zones acted as transition nodes in the Yamagata lineage virus dispersion network. Our findings contribute to the knowledge regarding the spatial and temporal patterns of influenza B virus outbreaks in China.

后纵隔苗勒管囊肿2例

后纵隔苗勒管囊肿罕见,因部位特殊,临床、影像和病理均易误诊,准确诊断依赖于细致的组织形态学观察及特征性的免疫组织化学结果。本文介绍2例后纵隔苗勒管囊肿的临床、影像学特点、病理组织学形态及免疫组织化学特征。探讨后纵隔苗勒管囊肿的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。

Phylogeography of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Viruses in China

The spread of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses poses serious threats to the poultry industry,wild bird ecology and human health.Circulation of H5 viruses between poultry and wild birds is a significant public health threat in China.Thus,viral migration networks in this region need to be urgently studied.Here,we conducted molecular genetic analyses of the hemagglutinin genes of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in multiple hosts from 2000 to 2018 in China.Our aim was to clarify the roles of different hosts in the evolution of H5 viruses.We used a flexible Bayesian statistical framework to simulate viral space diffusion and continuous-time Markov chains to infer the dynamic evolutionary process of spatiotemporal dissemination.Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of H5 viruses showed for the first time that H5 viruses in poultry and wild birds were present in Guangdong Province.Furthermore,Guangdong,Jiangsu,Shanghai and Hunan acted as the epicenters for the spread of various H5 subtypes viruses in poultry,and Henan,Shanghai,Hong Kong and Inner Mongolia acted as epicenters for the spread of various H5 subtypes viruses in wild birds.Thus,H5 viruses exhibited distinct evolutionary dynamics in poultry and wild birds.Our findings extend our understanding of the transmission and spread of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in China.