Technical Regulations for Standardized Planting of Rare and Multi-purpose Wild Fruit Kadsura coccinea

The cultivation technology were standardized for improving the yield and quality,and the commodity value and the competitiveness of fruit market,and solving the bottleneck problem—fruit quality and yield that affect the industrial development of rare and multi-purpose wild fruit Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)A.C.Smith.Through the investigation of K.coccinea production area and planting area,collection and analysis of fruit samples,it was found that in most planting area,the varieties of K.coccinea were mixed,with great differences in fruit quality and yield,which makes it impossible to realize large-scale planting.In view of these problems,a series of studies have been carried out and the technical regulations for standardized planting of rare and multi-purpose wild fruit K.coccinea were formulated.

Diurnal Variation of Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)A.C.Smith

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the diurnal variations of photosynthetic and physiological characteristics in 3-year-old Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)A.C.Smith plants.[Methods]A Li-6400 portable photosynthetic system was used to study the diurnal variations of the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of K.coccinea.[Results]The diurnal variation of the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of K.coccinea leaves showed a"double peak"curve,and there was a lunch break at noon.The maximum value of Pn[4.51 mmol/(m^(2)·s)]appeared at 10:00,and the daily average Pn was 3.98 mol/(m^(2)·s);and the stepwise regression analysis showed that photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)and stomatal conductance(Gs)were the main factors affecting Pn.The partial correlation analysis and path analysis showed that the order of effects on Pn was Gs>PAR.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for further research on the development and utilization of K.coccinea.

Similarities and differences in gastrointestinal microbiomes between wild and human-cared spotted dolphins(Stenella attenuata)in natural waters

Despite the growing awareness on the importance of gut microbiomes,understanding marine mammal gut microbiomes remains limited due to difficulties in sampling.Spotted dolphins(Stenella attenuata)are widely spread oceanic cetaceans,and there is a gap in knowledge regarding their gut microbiology.In this study,we opportunistically collected samples from both wild and human-cared spotted dolphins in the southern waters of Hainan Island,China.This provided the opportunity to examine the composition and diversity of the gut microbial communities of this cetacean species.Since these dolphins inhabit a similar water environment,different food sources might be the primary factor distinguishing the gut microbiomes of wild and human-cared populations,offering valuable experimental material to investigate potential differences in gut microbial community structure among marine mammals in similar environments but with varying food sources.We found that the gastrointestinal microbial community structure of wild and human-cared dolphins demonstrated significant differences,both overall and at specific locations.However,no significant difference was observed in the microbial diversity of their gastrointestinal tracts,indicating that the disparities primarily lie in microbiota composition.Additionally,we detected numerous potentially pathogenic bacteria,suggesting a comprehensive future study of marine mammal gut microbiology.Such a study might involve determining health indicator factors associated with these microbiomes.Our study not only supplements information on the gut microbiology of spotted dolphins but also delves into the similarities and differences in gastrointestinal microbial communities within the same marine mammal species when food source variations play a significant role in their lives.