Spectral computed tomography-guided photothermal therapy of osteosarcoma by bismuth sulfide nanorods

Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most normally primary malignant bone cancer in adolescents.Due to their analogous X-ray attenuation properties,healthy bones and malignancies with iodine enhancement cannot be distinguished by conventional computed tomography(CT).As one kind of spectral CT,dual-energy CT(DECT)offers multiple functions for material separation and cancer treatments.Herein,bismuth sulfide(Bi_(2)S_(3))nanorods(NRs)were synthesized as special contrast agents(CAs)for DECT,which have superior imaging properties than clinical iodine CAs.At the same time,the high photothermal conversion rates of Bi_(2)S_(3)NRs can be used for DECT-guided photothermal therapy(PTT)to destroy OS and inhibit tumor growth under the guidance of DECT imaging.Importantly,DECT imaging real-timely monitored that PTT could accelerate the diffusion of Bi2S3 NRs in the tumor,obtaining detailed information on the internal distribution of nanomaterials in tumors around the bone to avoid injury to normal tissues by PTT.Overall,the proposed strategy of DECT imaging-guided PTT appears enormous promise for bone disease treatment.

Correspondence:Zero ground clearance dual antenna pair for metal-cased fifth-generation multiple input multiple output smartphone

1 Introduction The fifth-generation(5G)era has already arrived and many applications are prospering.The multi‐ple input multiple output(MIMO)system is the key to enhancing channel capacity for both the fourthgeneration(4G)wireless communication and 5G sys‐tems.For a smartphone,the most challenging task for antenna engineers is to accommodate the numerous 4G and 5G multi-port antennas while avoiding mutual coupling problems(Li Y et al.,2009,2012;Hong,2017;Sharawi et al.,2017).Therefore,implementing multiple antennas within a small space is a worth‐while topic to study,especially for antennas operat‐ing at the same frequency。